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Wednesday, November 18, 2020

Do spiders ever take up residence in abandoned webs?

Do spiders ever take up residence in abandoned webs?


Do spiders ever take up residence in abandoned webs?

Posted: 17 Nov 2020 08:59 PM PST

AskScience AMA Series: I'm a primatologist and conservationist who's seen every genus of primate in the wild and is featured in the PBS/BBS series "Primates." Ask me anything!

Posted: 18 Nov 2020 04:00 AM PST

Hi, I'm Dr. Russ Mittermeier, Chief Conservation Officer at Global Wildlife Conservation and Chair of the IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group. I have studied and observed primates in the wild for 50 years, and in 2019 I became the first person to see at least one species from every one of the 80 genera of primates that are known to exist. This is part of my ongoing effort over the past 20 years to stimulate primate ecotourism, and especially primate-watching and primate life-listing, based on a wildly successful birdwatching model.

The bulk of my career has been focused on primate conservation around the world, with the objective of maintaining the full diversity of the Order Primates and ensuring Zero Extinctions. Ethical primate ecotourism has played a key role in our conservation efforts to date, and I hope to enable it to become an even more significant part of our global program, with a strong focus on working closely with local communities living in close proximity to the world's most important primate habitats. Local people are our most important partners in our conservation efforts and can benefit in many ways from successful primate ecotourism programs, as has already been demonstrated in many places. Primates are the most endangered larger group of mammals, with more than 60% of all known species now classed as Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable.

I am featured in the third episode of the Nature "Primates" miniseries, premiering tonight at 8/7c on PBS, pbs.org/primates, and the PBS Video app. This three-part documentary series visits 17 countries to uncover the mysteries of countless species, including gorillas, orangutans, lemurs, spider monkeys, marmosets, macaques and more. If you're in the UK, you can watch it on the BBC iplayer.

I'll be answering your questions at 1 pm ET. Ask me anything!

Username: /u/RAMprimate49

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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What is a pill capsule made out of? (the ones that look like plastic)

Posted: 18 Nov 2020 05:15 AM PST

Does a Neutron have a dipol-moment or at least a temporary dipol-moment?

Posted: 18 Nov 2020 04:25 AM PST

As a chemist, this question came to my mind, since neutral and also spherical molecules and atoms can exhibit temporary dipols because they are made up of differently charged particles which are more or less tightly bound.
To my understanding, neutrons are made up up of three quarks of different charges (1/3 and 2/3). Can it therefore be understood similar to a e.g. water molecule and consequently have an intrinsic dipol-moment? If not , can there still be a spontaneous temporary dipol?
Since the binding of quarks in neutrons is obviously different from the binding in molecules, im unsure if this analogy can be made.
I know that this is probably very hard to measure if at all, but maybe there is a overall accepted therory to this.
Thanks in advance.

submitted by /u/bl1ndcs
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Would the antigens produced from the covid 19 mRNA compete for ACE2?

Posted: 17 Nov 2020 04:11 PM PST

Hello. So the mRNA from the vaccine codes for the spike protein of the virus which binds to ACE2, allowing for just the antigen to be produced, and then the T cell binds to the antigen to produce an immune response.

So would the antigens produced also compete for ACE2? A concern is that they could block ACE2 from receiving its natural ligand, which might cause heart issues, as seen with Covid-19. Is this possible and how are they dealing with it?

A possibility I thought would be a small enough dosage of mRNA to produce just enough spike proteins, but without producing significant competition to the natural ligand.

Can anyone clarify/confirm on this?

Also, the spike protein is a fusion type protein, so when the vaccine produced antigen attaches to ACE2 on cells, would it still illicit the same fusion response? Obviously there wouldn't be another membrane to fuse with but would it cause the membrane to become porous?

A possibility I thought about is if the mRNA codes for a mutated spike protein that does not cause fusion process, yet can still be recognized and used to cause an immune response by T cells. Or maybe the mRNA only codes for the S1 subunit of the spike protein, preventing the s2 fusion part? But then would T cells still be able to cause the desired immune response?

Any clarification or ideas would be appreciated! I know that a lot of this might be proprietary info that we may never know. Background: my gf and I have graduate degrees in mol bio, just not in the infectious diseases field.

submitted by /u/F3arless_Bubble
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How could an adult covid vaccine protect kids?

Posted: 18 Nov 2020 06:13 AM PST

Thinking about the kids in an early vaccine world. Even assuming the adults around them get vaccinated, since there won't be a pediatric vaccine for some time, is there anything about these mRNA vaccines suggesting they reduce risk of transmission via a vaccinated person?

submitted by /u/jackhotel
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How did nasa know the voyagers left the solar system?

Posted: 17 Nov 2020 08:00 PM PST

Can vultures get sunburns on their heads?

Posted: 18 Nov 2020 01:28 AM PST

Why are the two new vaccines for COVID-19 both with mRNA instead of antibodies?

Posted: 18 Nov 2020 12:54 AM PST

Ask Anything Wednesday - Engineering, Mathematics, Computer Science

Posted: 18 Nov 2020 07:00 AM PST

Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Engineering, Mathematics, Computer Science

Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...".

Asking Questions:

Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions. The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists.

Answering Questions:

Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience.

If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here.

Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here. Ask away!

submitted by /u/AutoModerator
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How exactly is an analog signal encoded onto a laserdisc and played back?

Posted: 17 Nov 2020 03:03 PM PST

Hi all,

I just learned that laserdiscs are an analog storage medium. I always assumed they were digital, like CD and DVDs; do to their similar macro appearance. So I googled "laserdisc under microscope" and what I saw, I don't understand. There are distinct pits, but very different from CDs, where the 1s and 0s are obvious.

On a vinyl record, you can see the obvious grooves representing the stereo signal; it is smooth like you'd expect for analog.

What is being modulated in the laserdisc pits, and is it true analog or are the pits just "high enough resolution" to approximate analog signals with each step?

I hope that makes some sense. Thanks. Sorry if flair should be computing or engineering.

EDIT: Thanks u/Diligent_Nature for the answer. The width of the pit is changed to modulate the reflected light.

submitted by /u/Not_Selling_Eth
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Would the vaccines being developed for C-19 also work on the common cold corona viruses?

Posted: 17 Nov 2020 05:39 PM PST

Why does the area under our eyes get dark when we are tired?

Posted: 17 Nov 2020 06:31 PM PST

Bit of a basic question but I've been wondering about this for a while.

submitted by /u/sc1encemind
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What are the purposes of boogers? Why do they form in our nasal cavity?

Posted: 17 Nov 2020 11:02 AM PST

What in the world does Adiabatic really mean?

Posted: 17 Nov 2020 01:21 PM PST

Can someone explain the concept of "adiabatic" to me? I must've looked this up a thousand different ways, and it still boggles my mind. A simplest-possible explanation would be great, the basics of it confuse me greatly. Thank you!

submitted by /u/needin_help_
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How are trajectory adjustments made to far earth objects? How long does it take before these probes or rockets respond to commands from earth?

Posted: 17 Nov 2020 09:42 AM PST

How long does HIV live inside blood?

Posted: 17 Nov 2020 08:08 PM PST

I've been trying to search for any resource regarding the life span of HIV in blood. For example if someone is taking PREP and gets a high HIV viral load in their blood via needle sharing or sex or blood transfusion. What exactly happens to the HIV that enters the bloodstream of someone who is on PREP?

I can't seem to find any information regarding that, or information regarding HIV life span in blood if it has no way to replicate, does the virus die or does it just remain dormant until it can have a chance to replicate? All the information I find is about how long it lives outside the body or how it replicates but nothing on the life span of HIV and if it dies or remains dormant inside a live human.

Thanks for help in advanced and if this is the wrong forum can you please direct me to the right place?

submitted by /u/mayoandlemon
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How can the distance between two objects increase faster than the speed of light?

Posted: 17 Nov 2020 08:44 AM PST

While special relativity prohibits objects from moving faster than light with respect to a local reference frame where spacetime can be treated as flat and unchanging, it does not apply to situations where spacetime curvature or evolution in time become important.

Wikipedia

What are some examples of this? Does this also mean that space between objects can theoretically contract faster than the speed of light?

submitted by /u/52431cd
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How do are bodies know to start puberty after 9-15ish years of being alive?

Posted: 17 Nov 2020 01:44 PM PST

If wind is caused by a pressure difference between cold air and hot air, how is it sometimes we feel hot wind like a Sirocco? Shouldn't the wind always be cold?

Posted: 17 Nov 2020 04:33 AM PST

Bonus question: If I was to follow the direction of a cold wind, would I eventually get to a place with warmer air?

submitted by /u/JoeKazama
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Hookah versus cigarettes in the long term?

Posted: 17 Nov 2020 09:08 AM PST

So I see all the information about how 1 hour of hookah is actually worse than one cigarette but Ican'tfind any long term studies . My thought is that a person that smokes hookah occasionally butdoesn'tsmoke cigarettes would actually inhale less carcinogens through their lifetime . Is this accurate ? And would inhaling less actually matter in the long term ? By this I mean is 700 cigarettes more harmful than 3 hours of hookah ( equal to 550 cigarettes in terms of smoke ml )? Thanks in advance !

submitted by /u/Radiskull97
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