COVID SILVER LINING - Will the recent success of Covid mRNA vaccines translate to success for other viruses/diseases?!? e.g. HIV, HSV, Malaria, etc. | AskScience Blog

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Thursday, November 26, 2020

COVID SILVER LINING - Will the recent success of Covid mRNA vaccines translate to success for other viruses/diseases?!? e.g. HIV, HSV, Malaria, etc.

COVID SILVER LINING - Will the recent success of Covid mRNA vaccines translate to success for other viruses/diseases?!? e.g. HIV, HSV, Malaria, etc.


COVID SILVER LINING - Will the recent success of Covid mRNA vaccines translate to success for other viruses/diseases?!? e.g. HIV, HSV, Malaria, etc.

Posted: 25 Nov 2020 05:59 PM PST

I know all of the attention is on COVID right now (deservedly so), but can we expect success with similar mRNA vaccine technology for other viruses/diseases? e.g. HIV, HSV, Malaria, Etc

Could be a major breakthrough for humanity and treating viral diseases.

submitted by /u/senseiGURU
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Why does Covid-19 affect your taste and smell?

Posted: 25 Nov 2020 02:53 PM PST

Antibodies are very specific, but how do T cells 'know' if an antigen has been encountered before?

Posted: 26 Nov 2020 05:09 AM PST

Ive read that antibodies can also act as receptors for B-cells. But I imagine that they differ from the T cell receptors, because T cells dont undergo the remarkable recombination process that their cousins do. So, I imagine T cells just specific enough to recognize that something is foreign, and then pass on the task of specificity to B cells. But if T cells are not that specific, why do they not get overwhelmed by the same antigens over and over?

submitted by /u/nickoskal024
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Can smells be broken up into "primary scents"?

Posted: 25 Nov 2020 04:37 PM PST

I know this question is a little strange but here is what I mean. Could a concept like primary colors exist in regards to smell in such a way that combining a finite number of "primary scents" could produce every possible scent a human could perceive? I only thought of this recently when I saw a video of a product that lets you smell certain scents depending on what area you are in a video game. So my thought was if these "primary scents" exist then they would come in handy to create a system that could produce any given real-world scent by combining said scents.

Apologies if this is not a good enough question for this sub or if it makes no sense at all but I've been curious if such a concept exists.

submitted by /u/SilentMrDave
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Why are Covid prevention methods apparently very effective against Flu, but Coronavirus cases continue to climb so rapidly?

Posted: 26 Nov 2020 12:24 AM PST

Flu numbers are way down this year, and the CDC says its probably due to Covid safety measures. But why is it so effective against Flu, but not Covid? I've seen people online claim the numbers are being lumped together to artificially raise Covid numbers. What is another (less conspiratorial) explanation?

submitted by /u/Samu31
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Why is cocaine, which stresses the cardiovascular system 'bad', while exercise, which also stresses the cardiovascular system, 'good'?

Posted: 25 Nov 2020 09:45 AM PST

I just read that Diego Maradona died at age 60 from a heart attack. I also read that he struggled with cocaine addiction for decades, and that this may have contributed to his early demise.

Scientifically, why is stressing your cardiovascular system with exercise considered healthy, but stressing your system with cocaine bad?

submitted by /u/thermal7
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Why do spaceships get cold in space? What absorbs the heat energy?

Posted: 25 Nov 2020 03:48 PM PST

I have a very limited understanding of the law of conservation of energy from my intro to physics class in a social science degree. My understanding is that for one thing to get cold, heat energy from that thing has to transfer to other matter. Or something like that. So in space, where there is no matter, where does the heat go from the space ship causing it to get cold?

submitted by /u/Illustrious_Anxiety9
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Why does the modern English language curiously lack diacritics compared to other languages that use the Latin alphabet?

Posted: 25 Nov 2020 02:42 PM PST

Why does it lack accent marks, umlauts, breves, etc. Or, are there other, lesser known languages with this alphabet that don't use diacritics?

submitted by /u/ccricers
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In movies with amputations where the person is awake, shouldn't the severed limb be twitching, like happens with severed animal bits? Do amputations under anesthesia stop that, or does the limb still twitch and nobody wants to talk about that?

Posted: 25 Nov 2020 03:55 PM PST

We all know about chicken bodies running around after their heads get cut off and bitten limbs flailing after animal battles in the wild, but I've never heard of or seen human bits depicted doing that. I haven't heard of surgical amputations having that happen either, not even in those war movies set back before anesthesia. In movies they just have one chop and done, like it's a piece of clay. Surely human bits would twitch just as much as animal bits do?

submitted by /u/autoantinatalist
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We have made paint that absorbs over 99% of the light spectrum. Do we have paint that reflects over 99% of the light spectrum? It is that just common white paint?

Posted: 25 Nov 2020 04:17 PM PST

At what point does a mutation in a virus or bacteria make it a new strain or virus rather than mutations of the same virus?

Posted: 25 Nov 2020 05:32 PM PST

At what point does a mutation in a virus or bacteria make it a new strain or virus rather than mutations of the same virus? I saw an article talking about how the mutations to Sars Covid 19 haven't made it more transmittable. What level of mutations would be needed for it become let's say Covid 20 or something else entirely?

submitted by /u/rosstheboss47
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How does stimulated Raman scattering work?

Posted: 25 Nov 2020 03:36 PM PST

Hi!

I'm a neuroscientist, looking to image/analyze brain lipids using a collaborator's CARS set-up. Been reading about the method, but my biologist mind has issues understanding a couple of concepts:

  • While I roughly understand the concepts of differential frequency scatter as a function of partial excitation of an electron (and with it, I assume, the entire molecule?) to a virtual energy state, I don't understand how stimulated Raman scattering works? I understand that there is a cooperative effect from the pump laser bringing the molecule to its virtual state, but how does shining a Stokes frequency laser on the molecule bring it back down to its virtual state? Wouldn't it gain even more energy from the 2nd laser?
  • Is the pump/excitation light always of a constant frequency? Or is it gradually adjusted in order to interact with more bonds in the sample?
  • What is the importance of resonance in this? Why does the pump/stokes laser need to correspond to the existing frequency of the bond vibration in order to work?

Thanks friends! The inability to understand is driving me quite nuts.

submitted by /u/doderlein
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Why is it perfectly normal to have bacteria growing in the gut, but really bad to have bacteria growing in the bladder?

Posted: 25 Nov 2020 06:10 PM PST

Why doesn't the human body like bacterial UTIs? Or stated another way, why don't we have commensal or symbiotic bacteria in our bladders? Is there something about the urinary system that needs to be sterile?

submitted by /u/sgt_zarathustra
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How can a a system have a wavefunction?

Posted: 25 Nov 2020 09:37 AM PST

I had taken a low level quantum mechanics course and I understand such things as the wavefunction of an electron around a proton, particle in a potential well, etc. But all I have ever seen were wavefunctions describing a single particle. How could it be that a wavefunction describes many particles at the same time? There are these cosmologists who talk about the wavefunction (a single wavefunction) of the universe etc. How could it be that a function describes the behavior of many many particles?

I can conceptualize a set of coupled wavefunctions for each particle, but just one function to rule them all? I don't understand it.

For example the wave function of a argon atom. It must somehow include the motion of all the electrons (even if a solution in terms of simple functions does not exist, lets assume we have special functions that neatly solves any equation) and everything that goes on in the nucleus (I dont know how static the nucleus is). What would it be like to combine all the behaviors of everything in this atom in one wavefunction.

submitted by /u/nhremna
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Why do dialects in American English that drop R's from the end of words sound less educated?

Posted: 25 Nov 2020 10:10 AM PST

Why are American dialects that drop the R considered to sound less educated? Boston Southie, coastal Maine,etc?

submitted by /u/kuuzo
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Do blind people dream in visual images?

Posted: 25 Nov 2020 05:15 AM PST

Is there a top speed that the human eye can perceive?

Posted: 25 Nov 2020 04:50 PM PST

I'm talking speed on a huge scale. Say a star or a planet blew up and the shrapnel from that was heading toward Earth at a high pace... would we be able to see our destruction coming? I ask because I remember learning in school that if the sun burnt out it would take "7minutes" to notice, as the last light particle would take that long to travel across space.

submitted by /u/40till5
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