AskScience AMA Series: We're Experts Here to Discuss the Antimicrobial Resistance Crisis. AUA! |
- AskScience AMA Series: We're Experts Here to Discuss the Antimicrobial Resistance Crisis. AUA!
- Can babies get vaccine antibodies from mom through her breast milk?
- How does the helicopter on Mars work?
- Does a selective IgA deficiency have an effect on the effectiveness of vaccines? If so, why?
- Why a spinal injury doesn't heal by itself like wrist, leg and other types of injury do?
- Was the Sahara Desert still expanding naturally prior to human-induced climate change?
- Do we have evidence of language developing independently as humans spread out from Africa across the other continents, or did language develop before then? And what are the consequences in the field of linguistics due to one or the other?
- Why are alcohols poor nucleophiles?
- How vertical is space?
- Do eletric vehicles have a "cruise speed"?
- Does our solar system move through space at a constant rate relative to others or is it more chaotic?
- How does evolution change the number of chromosomes of a species?
- How do airplanes generate lift when traveling above Mach 1 if Bernoulli’s principle is ‘inverted’ at these speeds?
- Why does Moderna require two 100 microgram doses while Pfizer only requires two 30 microgram dose to produce a slightly better effectiveness?
- How do the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines get the mRNA inside?
- What is Hubble using?
- If entropy always increases then why/how did the universe produce complex life?
- Can Ingenuity recharge?
- How does female to male transmission of HIV work?
- Why are vaccines for respiratory viruses usually injected not inhaled?
| AskScience AMA Series: We're Experts Here to Discuss the Antimicrobial Resistance Crisis. AUA! Posted: 20 Apr 2021 05:00 AM PDT The growing Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) crisis, brought about by decades of misuse and overuse of antibiotics and responsible for 35,000 deaths annually in the United States alone (according to the Centers for Disease Control), has forced scientists to adopt new tactics and develop new strategies to stay ahead of the evolutionary race with microbes. Join us today at 2 PM ET (18 UT) for a discussion with experts on the science of AMR, organized by the American Society for Microbiology (ASM). We'll discuss how the problem of AMR has evolved, strategies for combating AMR now and in the future, and approaches for identifying and producing new antibiotics that can attack drug-resistant microbes. Ask us anything! With us today are: + Dr. Azeem Ahmad, Ph.D. (u/aahmad_Marian_46222) - Assistant Professor of Biology, Marian University + Zoe Hansen (u/GutFeelings_zh) - Graduate Student, Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University + Dr. Ayesha Khan, Ph.D. () - Postdoctoral Fellow, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston + Dr. Maria Fernanda Mojica, Ph.D. (u/Micro_Bio_Science) - Postdoctoral Scholar, Case Western Reserve University + Dr. Sanjana Mukherjee, Ph.D., M.Sc. (u/DiseaseDetective_SM) - ORISE Public Health Policy and Regulatory Research Fellow, U.S. Food and Drug Administration Links: [link] [comments]  |
| Can babies get vaccine antibodies from mom through her breast milk? Posted: 19 Apr 2021 12:48 PM PDT There's a great body of research on transfer of immunity through the placenta wall, but I'm having difficulty in finding good information on how well antibodies are adopted when absorbed through the gut, whether it be through colostrum or breast milk. Also, considering the change in gut behavior from a closed gut to an open gut. Can anyone shed some light on the subject? [link] [comments]  |
| How does the helicopter on Mars work? Posted: 19 Apr 2021 10:11 AM PDT My understanding of the Martian atmosphere is that it is extremely thin. How did nasa overcome this to fly there? [link] [comments]  |
| Does a selective IgA deficiency have an effect on the effectiveness of vaccines? If so, why? Posted: 20 Apr 2021 03:48 AM PDT |
| Why a spinal injury doesn't heal by itself like wrist, leg and other types of injury do? Posted: 19 Apr 2021 11:51 PM PDT |
| Was the Sahara Desert still expanding naturally prior to human-induced climate change? Posted: 19 Apr 2021 11:33 PM PDT The African Humid Period lasted until around 6,000 years ago. When it ended, the Sahara grew into the desert we know today. Current projects like the Great Green Wall attempt to plant ongoing desertification along the edge of the Sahara. These projects are often linked to manmade climate change, but I'm wondering - is Africa's drying and the Sahara's increasing size partially a product of ongoing natural processes (which presumably have been accelerated by climate change), or is all of the Sahara's modern growth due to manmade factors? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 19 Apr 2021 09:59 PM PDT These questions honestly came to me while I was watching an episode of SpongeBob, specifically SpongeBob BC, where they're supposed to be cave people and using cave people speak. If it wasn't clear from the title, what I am curious about is the timeline of the development of language in humans compared to the timeline of our spread across the planet, and what evidence we have if each. I know there's pretty ample evidence of how, when, and where we spread out, but what's the earliest evidence we have of language, written or otherwise? And if language developed first, is there any hope of ever reconstructing the first human language? Or if language developed later, did it develop near simultaneously and independently? Or did it develop in one population first and then spread across all populations? Or is it none of these and am I making an assumption that's causing me to ignore another possibility? I know this is a lot of questions, but I'm seriously curious to know the answer to as many of them as possible. Also, I didn't know whether to flair this under Anthropology or Linguistics, because I'm more curious about the Linguistics side of my questions, but I suppose my questions more broadly fall under Anthropology. [link] [comments]  |
| Why are alcohols poor nucleophiles? Posted: 20 Apr 2021 02:13 AM PDT Given the large EN difference between the O and H atoms as well as the two lone pairs for O, I'm unsure why it is a weak nucleophile? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 19 Apr 2021 10:08 PM PDT So this is a question that has crossed my mind a few times before and I've never really come across a clear answer. To explain the question further: space in models is often depicted as flat, as in, it has x and z dimensions, and the only y value commonly depicted is from the size of various objects. I suppose that in some depictions there is some when looking at like asteroid fields and smaller celestial objects. But I digress. My understanding is that there is no real up or down in space, but there would be some sort y value in 3D space, no? Do we have a reference as to where things are located on the y value compared to us? Like can we tell easily if a galaxy or solar system is "perpendicular" to us based on the North Pole and how that relates to the various orbits of planets in our solar system to the sun. Is that vertical positioning important or relevant to our study of space, or space travel? Do certain planets or objects have orbits that are on different y values compared to other objects that orbit the same thing? Do various objects orbit things obliquely compared to other objects orbiting the same thing? [link] [comments]  |
| Do eletric vehicles have a "cruise speed"? Posted: 20 Apr 2021 01:31 AM PDT Combustion-powered vehicles are often said to have a cruise speed, i.e. a speed at which the range is at max. I understand that it is due to the fact that combustion engines have different efficiency at different RPMs, and so the RPM range with max efficiency * the highest gear ratio of the gearbox = cruise speed. I think I heard somewhere that electric engines are more or less equally efficient at any RPM. If that is true (is it?), then is there a cruise speed for electric vehicles? Or do they always travel the same (give or take) distance before the battery runs out, regardless of how fast they're going? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 19 Apr 2021 05:07 PM PDT I hear quite often about how planets orbit a sun and move quickly through space. I was curious if on a larger scale entire solar systems are defined as moving through space in a certain way. If so, would solar systems be on different "orbits" or "trajectories" in space and move away from each other over time? [link] [comments]  |
| How does evolution change the number of chromosomes of a species? Posted: 19 Apr 2021 11:15 AM PDT I'm far from a biologist but one question that's always confused me slightly about evolution: how does the number of chromosomes a species have change? So in school I was taught a horse and a donkey can have offspring called a mule, these cannot reproduce as horses and donkeys have a different number of chromosomes so the offspring cannot produce children as the chromosomes they have can't line up. But presumably horses and donkeys somewhere share a common ancestor so how did this branching happen as if a random mutation gave one of this species a different number of chromosomes, even in an isolated group, surely it wouldn't be able to produce fertile offspring to carry on this mutation so that branch should have died; you can't gradually change the number of chromosomes you either have more or less than normal and that's an integer value? I'm sure I'm missing a lot of stuff as this is based off what I learnt for my GCSEs so nowhere near any real level of understanding [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 19 Apr 2021 01:19 PM PDT Biologist here with an interest in planes and rockets. I recently was reading about how rocket engines have to maintain a high pressure in their combustion chambers so that the gas exiting the nozzle is above the speed of sound and therefore accelerates as it expands. This was the opposite of what I learned in my entry-level physics class and a bit of quick research made me realize Bernoulli's equations are far more complicated at higher velocities of gas. Thinking about airplanes and how they normally generate lift by forcing air to accelerate over the top of a wing/create a low pressure area that 'pulls' the wing up, it doesn't make sense to me that they would still be able to generate lift if the air over the wing is forced to accelerate (faster molecules = higher pressure right?). Thanks for any explanation or help wrapping my head around this. [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 19 Apr 2021 06:49 AM PDT |
| How do the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines get the mRNA inside? Posted: 19 Apr 2021 11:33 AM PDT I'm going to make a big assumption that the lipid nanoparticles that contain the mRNA of the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines form more or less spontaneously when the concentrations and conditions are correct. How then do they get the mRNA inside? Is it just random, and some particles will have no mRNA strands and others will have multiple strands? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 20 Apr 2021 01:08 AM PDT I know this may be a stupid question but hey idc. Hubble has been in space for more then a decade. I've been trying to find out what's keeping hubble in space since it's not thrusters. Can someone tell me what it is? Or was it our on high orbit and it's slowly decaying [link] [comments]  |
| If entropy always increases then why/how did the universe produce complex life? Posted: 19 Apr 2021 07:44 AM PDT |
| Posted: 19 Apr 2021 03:27 PM PDT Can Ingenuity (mars helicopter drone) connect to the rover and recharge it's batteries or is it limited to the charge that it already has and once the battery is dead it's over? [link] [comments]  |
| How does female to male transmission of HIV work? Posted: 19 Apr 2021 08:00 PM PDT What are the mechanics that allow for such a transmission to occur from female to male? [link] [comments]  |
| Why are vaccines for respiratory viruses usually injected not inhaled? Posted: 19 Apr 2021 07:39 PM PDT Presumably the immune system is active in your respiratory tract since that's where a lot of pathogens enter, so the immune system should be able to pick up the vaccine and develop immunity to it. What's the advantage of injecting them instead? [link] [comments]  |
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