- Why can the birth control “Nuvaring” be removed for up to 48 hours/month without decreasing efficacy, but “Annovera” can only be removed for 2 hours/month, even though they are both vaginal rings releasing the same hormones?
- AskScience AMA Series: We're animal intelligence experts who created a rubric to determine the smarts of different species. Ask us anything!
- In The Roman Warm period the climate was 2 degrees Celsius warmer than today and is partly credited with Rome success and abundance. Why is returning to a warmer climate considered so dangerous now?
- Why do Covid-19 viral particles have greater longevity on smooth surfaces than on porous surfaces?
- Does an allergic reaction to s vaccine affect the vaccine's efficacy?
- Is snake venom used to make any kind of coagulation medication?
- Cooking: I've often heard that salt "brings out the flavor" of a dish. What does this mean in chemical terms?
- How do parasitic wasp identify their prey?
- Okay so the last supercontinent was Pangea and then they all went..backwards?
- "The fact that the wavelength of visible light is so small helps to explain why the wave nature of light took so long to discover." Why?
- HeLa cells vs normal cancer cells?
- What is the difference between r and R naught in population ecology?
- How are macrophages activated in the innate immune response?
- How helpful is it to have captive breeding and conservation programs for threatened or endangered animals?
- in DNA, since base pairs can only bond with eachother, how do errors happen? wouldn't the erring nucleotide just not bond with its pair on the other side and just leave a gap instead of a "wrong" nucleotide?
- Why do the electrons in metal get shared between the atoms in a sea? Why doesn't non-metallic matter?
- Have any animals driven themselves to extinction?
- How are CFTR mutations detected using restriction enzyme analysis?
| Posted: 18 Apr 2021 09:59 PM PDT I understand that since Annovera lasts for a full year (compared to Nuvaring that only lasts a month) it would have more restrictions, but 2 hours vs 48 hours is a very drastic difference. Annovera does release slightly less estrogen than Nuvaring (13mcg vs 15mcg), but it also releases more progestin (150mcg vs 120mcg), so I don't feel like those slight variances would make that much of a difference. Is Annovera just being overly conservative with the adherence guidelines since it's new? Or is there really that much of a difference between the two of them, and if so, why? EDIT: First, when I say "can be removed for x hours/month," I meant during the 21 day period you are supposed to have it in. I am aware you are supposed to remove it during the break week, but I am not talking about that. Second, Many of you pointed out that on the Nuvaring website it states it cannot be removed for >3 hours, however, both Planned Parenthood and UC Berkeley state that it is still effective for up to 48 hours. So a follow-up question would be why do both Berkeley and Planned Parenthood (both reputable sources) state 48 hours as the limit? EDIT 2: Okay I'm tired of people saying "are you sure you interpreted Planned Parenthood/Berkeley correctly?" So here is a direct quote from the Berkeley source listed above:
And a quote from Planned Parenthood:
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| Posted: 19 Apr 2021 04:00 AM PDT Do elephants really never forget? Are foxes actually that sly? Just how clever is your dog? In a new series from PBS Digital Studios and PBS Nature, Animal IQ helps finally answer the question: how smart are Earth's animals? In each episode of Animal IQ, the hosts ask the experts, do the research and measure the smarts of species on a new Intelligence Rubric to determine if other animals can truly think. And if so, just how intelligent are they? Do all animals map their environment and defend their territory? Can they recognize themselves? Do they cooperate? Socialize? Have self-control? Understand death? Feel empathy? The latest episode, about elephant intelligence, just launched this morning: https://youtu.be/Nc3mUNkJZZk Answering questions today are the hosts of Animal IQ, Natalia Borrego and Trace Dominguez: Natalia Borrego, Ph.D, (/u/ecologistuntamed) is a wildlife biologist, researcher and educator. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Miami and has spent more than a decade studying the behavior of large carnivores in the African wilderness and at zoological institutions. She is most well known for her studies on big cat cognition and was the first scientist to experimentally investigate cognition in African lions, tigers and leopards. Borrego values making science accessible to non-scientists: she appears in several wildlife documentaries and her work has been covered in publications such as Science Magazine and Scientific American. Borrego is a postdoctoral researcher with the University of Minnesota's Lion Center and a teaching fellow at American University in Cairo. She was recently awarded the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior's Collaborative Research Grant and will join the Institute's Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies as a postdoc. Trace Dominguez (/u/trace501) is a curiosity explorer, science communicator, Emmy-nominated on-camera host, producer and podcaster. He is the producer and host of PBS Star Gazers, the world's only weekly television series on naked eye astronomy. He also creates Uno Dos of Trace, a video series exploring diverse topics across the sciences on YouTube, and founded, wrote, hosted and produced one of the first daily science shows online: Seeker. He has appeared in programming across the Discovery and Science channels, NowThis, and Animal Planet. Dominguez has a B.S. in Psychology from Western Michigan University and an M.A. in Strategic Communication from American University. He lives in Los Angeles with his wife Flavia and their cats, Carmela and Barley. We'll be answering your questions at 1 pm ET (17 UT). Ask us anything! [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 18 Apr 2021 08:34 AM PDT I am not asking this question in bad faith or in an attempt to start a political debate. I was just listening to a Blinkist on the Roman Warm Period and got curious. [link] [comments]  |
| Why do Covid-19 viral particles have greater longevity on smooth surfaces than on porous surfaces? Posted: 19 Apr 2021 04:22 AM PDT I find this counter-intuitive, as I would imagine a porous surface would provide better protection from extreme temperatures and UV light. Do we know why viral particles have greater longevity on smooth surfaces? [link] [comments]  |
| Does an allergic reaction to s vaccine affect the vaccine's efficacy? Posted: 19 Apr 2021 04:00 AM PDT If the immune system mounts a response as if the vaccine is an allergen, does that interfere with the body's ability to recognize and properly fight the virus if exposed later? And/or would treatment for the reaction (i.e. epipen, benadryl) affect it? [link] [comments]  |
| Is snake venom used to make any kind of coagulation medication? Posted: 19 Apr 2021 07:39 AM PDT I see these posts on Reddit of snake venom and its affect on blood. I was wondering if there has ever been any kind of medical use for this type of coagulant? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 19 Apr 2021 07:15 AM PDT (I'm assuming it means something more than that the food is getting saltier, since if that's all it meant, people would just say that, right? ... Right?!) [link] [comments]  |
| How do parasitic wasp identify their prey? Posted: 18 Apr 2021 09:11 AM PDT Thinking about, for example, the cicada hawk, how does the female identify cicada adults as her prey? Is it based on odor or some other chemical signature from the prey animal? Is it based on visual cues like body shape? Is it based on sound? And building on this....could a parasitic wasp be trained to identify a different prey animal? For example, could they be taught to lay their eggs in different insect species? Or, if an egg is transplanted to a different species, would that egg hatch into a wasp with a taste for that new species? [link] [comments]  |
| Okay so the last supercontinent was Pangea and then they all went..backwards? Posted: 19 Apr 2021 03:52 AM PDT Okay so there have been what, 4 supercontinents? And they all come together by the process we all learn about and they smash into each other and stay together for hundreds of millions of years and then they what? Go backwards all of a sudden? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 19 Apr 2021 05:51 AM PDT Quote from this video about the CMB. Why would the wave character of light be easier to recognize if the wavelength of visible light was longer (in the range of microwaves)? Would we "see" the waves? What would the world look like if visible light wavelengths were in the range of mm instead of nm? [link] [comments]  |
| HeLa cells vs normal cancer cells? Posted: 18 Apr 2021 03:02 PM PDT I recently finished reading The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, and in it they talked about the development of the first immortal cell line. In it, it said that Gey had tried hundreds of cell samples before HeLa and all died after a few days. From this, I'm assume that not just any regular cancer cell can survive forever in culture. Is there something about HeLa cells that made them more prolific than regular cancer cells / cells with telomerase? Did it have something to do with HPV? Google just gives me info about why cancer cells in general are prolific, not why HeLa is different. Thanks [link] [comments]  |
| What is the difference between r and R naught in population ecology? Posted: 18 Apr 2021 02:35 PM PDT |
| How are macrophages activated in the innate immune response? Posted: 18 Apr 2021 03:54 AM PDT Macrophages require IFN-gamma to activate, correct? But that comes from TH1 cells, which have to go through that whole TF0/Dendritic cell MHC2 thing, which doesn't happen until much later in the antigen-specific response. Yet Macrophages are part of the innate immunity response? Bonus question: antigen-presenting macrophages are just Langerhans cells, right? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 18 Apr 2021 12:14 AM PDT I see a lot of zoos and wildlife sanctuaries have breeding programs trying to increase the population of threatened and endangered species. They always say how important these programs are because of how low the animals' numbers are in the wild. However, it seems like the vast majority of the animals bred in captivity stay in captivity their entire lives, which doesn't do anything to increase their numbers in the wild. Won't we eventually get to the point where we only have captive specimens of some animals? Not that I want any animals to go entirely extinct, but I feel like there should be a purpose to conservation beyond pure survival, since many animals in the wild contribute to their ecosystem. [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 17 Apr 2021 08:01 PM PDT |
| Posted: 18 Apr 2021 06:27 AM PDT |
| Have any animals driven themselves to extinction? Posted: 17 Apr 2021 08:02 PM PDT It's something I can see for people in the foreseeable future. I was wondering if any other species has done this. [link] [comments]  |
| How are CFTR mutations detected using restriction enzyme analysis? Posted: 18 Apr 2021 01:33 AM PDT How are CFTR mutations detected using restriction enzyme analysis? [link] [comments]  |
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