How many mutations can a virus have before it's considered a different virus? | AskScience Blog

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Tuesday, December 22, 2020

How many mutations can a virus have before it's considered a different virus?

How many mutations can a virus have before it's considered a different virus?


How many mutations can a virus have before it's considered a different virus?

Posted: 22 Dec 2020 03:29 AM PST

Speaking in the context of the recent reports about mutations found in Covid-19 virus in the UK.

submitted by /u/Not_Your_Dude
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If a human is limping, are animals able to tell the human is injured?

Posted: 21 Dec 2020 09:42 AM PST

For example say someone hurt their leg and is limping to walk, are birds, cats, dogs, etc able to pick up that the person is hurt?

submitted by /u/MidorirodiM
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Why do rings form according to the axis of a planet and not randomly?

Posted: 21 Dec 2020 10:41 AM PST

What’s the mechanism that causes sore throats due to viral infections?

Posted: 21 Dec 2020 09:39 AM PST

I cannot find anything about this online. I know that viral infections, and to a lesser extent, bacterial infections, cause sore throats. But WHY? Is it beneficial to the body in fighting infections somehow? Is it inflammation of the lymph nodes? Can't figure it out!

submitted by /u/dumpling305
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If solar systems are not aligned parallel to the galactic plane, then why are we seeing so many exoplanet discoveries in our galactic region?

Posted: 22 Dec 2020 02:31 AM PST

If solar systems are not aligned parallel to the galactic plane, then why are we seeing so many exoplanet discoveries in our galactic region?

First, my assumptions:

- Solar systems are generally randomly aligned in the galaxy, not parallel to the galactic plane. For example, our solar system is turned 63° with respect to the plane of our galaxy.
- Most expolanets that have been discovered are the result of occultation of the system's star, creating a measurable, cyclic dimming.
- We have over 4000 confirmed explanets with thousands more suspected (per NASA). Most are 'relatively close' to Earth.

Would it not be relatively rare that a planet occults its host star from our perspective since there are countless, random orientations of solar systems in relation to Earth?

I am having a difficult time reconciling that we are finding so many explanets by observing stars when *most* of the stars should not have planets passing between their host star and our telescopes.

submitted by /u/sgtgary
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Can a mRNA based vaccine recombine with the sars-cov-2 virus ?

Posted: 22 Dec 2020 02:20 AM PST

I have read about the ability for two viruses to recombine their genetic material. Is it possible that a virus recombine its genetic material with a mRna vaccine ?

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Why is The Great Conjunction a big deal?

Posted: 22 Dec 2020 12:30 AM PST

Trying to understand the hype

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How big of a concern is polyethylene glycol (PEG) in mRNA vaccines?

Posted: 22 Dec 2020 05:10 AM PST

SienceMag: Suspicions grow that nanoparticles in Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine trigger rare allergic reactions
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/12/suspicions-grow-nanoparticles-pfizer-s-covid-19-vaccine-trigger-rare-allergic-reactions
There is really no good way determining if people have PEG antibodies?

submitted by /u/HarriJokker
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Will the virus causing COVID-19 disappear/go extinct after everyone gets the vaccine?

Posted: 22 Dec 2020 02:30 AM PST

Also what happened to the virus that caused smallpox, did it go extinct?

submitted by /u/thatSaumitra
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are fragrance particles smaller than the covid-19 virus? how come you can smell fragrance while wearing a mask.

Posted: 21 Dec 2020 11:42 PM PST

How would one calculate if striking a metal shell would deform it, penetrate it, or not deform it (in the context of striking armor with a weapon)?

Posted: 21 Dec 2020 09:53 PM PST

Since Mercury's temperature varies from 430°C to -180°C, and one day-night cycle takes 176 earth days, does the planet go through a few days of mild and livable temperature like the earth?

Posted: 21 Dec 2020 07:28 AM PST

How does a stomachache work physiologically?

Posted: 21 Dec 2020 07:12 AM PST

Maybe I'm just bad at googling, but what actually happens during a stomachache? Most of what I can find just talks about broad causes like ingesting bacteria, irritants, toxins, etc. but I'm more interested in what happens once that stuff is inside you.

For example, what triggers the pain when the offending bacteria ends up inside us? Is indigestion/diarrhea caused by the bacteria/irritant directly, or is it the digestive system's reaction, and how do the organs work to "skip" digestion?

Thanks in advance.

submitted by /u/xomm
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If I Mix Two People's Blood Together In A Vial, Can A Blood Test Identify Them?

Posted: 21 Dec 2020 10:24 AM PST

For a detective story I'm writing, I need to know if it's realistic. Will a DNA test be able to reliably identify the two individuals if their blood is mixed at a crime scene?

submitted by /u/JawKneePawLick
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Am I looking wrong to Saturn and Jupiter?

Posted: 21 Dec 2020 10:00 PM PST

I read some texts about the Great Conjunction, and in those texts they said that Saturn would be at the left of Jupiter, but when I was looking, Saturn was at the right and a little under Jupiter, I am pretty sure I wasn't looking to something else, because when the sun set they were the first thing to spot. I live in the Southern Hemisphere. Was I looking right? And if I was why they said it would be at the left?

submitted by /u/Nooveey
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How will people be able to identify when any of the coronavirus vaccines begin to work?

Posted: 21 Dec 2020 12:17 PM PST

Are inactive virus vaccine more robust against mutations compared to mRNA vaccine?

Posted: 21 Dec 2020 10:03 AM PST

Now that the British mutation is spreading I was wondering if there is a difference in how robust vaccine types are against mutation. Weak/dead virus, virus vector, mRNA, protein or others are all of interest.

submitted by /u/johnnydues
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Why are the photons of Møller scattering virtual and what exactly prevents them from being measured?

Posted: 21 Dec 2020 09:22 AM PST

Where/How are comets generated?

Posted: 21 Dec 2020 11:19 AM PST

Comets disintegrate. There are comets currently. Where do they keep coming from?

submitted by /u/stevenette
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Why the drag coefficient decreases with increasing Reynolds number?

Posted: 21 Dec 2020 07:59 AM PST

As you can see in this plot, the Cd decreases as Re increases. Why does this happen?

Consider the flat plate, for instance. I believe the shear stresses reduce along the plate lenght, so the skin friction coefficient decreases, as well Cd. Is this correct? If yes, note that this is for a flat plate, where the dominant Cd is the friction Cd, so my logic is valid.

But what about a bluff body, where the dominant Cd is the pressure Cd? Why does it decrease with increase of Re? I believe that for a larger D the separation wake will be bigger, so pressure Cd as well.

Thanks!

submitted by /u/vitorpaguiar14
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What are all the known COVID strains and examples of mutations? Is there a list or study?

Posted: 21 Dec 2020 06:23 AM PST

I'm trying to figure out how many separate COVID-19 strains there currently are, or at least how many we know of. Can anyone help?

submitted by /u/ano1067
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