How can a virus reside in a host,but not trigger symptoms? | AskScience Blog

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Tuesday, December 29, 2020

How can a virus reside in a host,but not trigger symptoms?

How can a virus reside in a host,but not trigger symptoms?


How can a virus reside in a host,but not trigger symptoms?

Posted: 28 Dec 2020 04:08 PM PST

We all are aware of asymptomatic spread of COVID, but what I'm trying to understand is how a virus can reside in a host, not trigger the normal symptoms , and ultimately still spread the virus.

Is the virus kept under control by the immune system? Is it hidden by the immune system and undetected? Is it hidden in other cells?

submitted by /u/eehoe
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How did the H2N2 virus pandemic of 1957 "kick out"/extinguish the H1N1 1918 flu virus that was still lingering until then?

Posted: 28 Dec 2020 10:36 PM PST

The kick out was mentioned in this article https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-the-covid-19-pandemic-could-end1/

The [1918] H1N1 strain became endemic, an infectious disease that was constantly with us at less severe levels, circulating for another 40 years as a seasonal virus. It took another pandemic—H2N2 in 1957—to extinguish most of the 1918 strain. One flu virus kicked out another one, essentially, and scientists don't really know how. Human efforts to do the same have failed. "Nature can do it, we cannot," says virologist Florian Krammer of the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City.

submitted by /u/the6thReplicant
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Why does SiC have a larger band gap than most semiconductors?

Posted: 29 Dec 2020 06:39 AM PST

If a satellite is orbiting a body, will its orbit decay if there is no drag?

Posted: 28 Dec 2020 06:02 PM PST

I have been pondering about this since i've been studying physics recently and after some lengthy google searches i have found that the answer is no, but why? If it has velocity and the only force being applied to it is gravity, then the net force is a vector pointing towards the body it is orbiting since velocity is not a force but a property of an object, and since the net force applied to the body is not 0 then its velocity cannot be constant, but supposedly the satellite does not decelerate only through gravity.

I believe that i am under a misconception somewhere; i am supposing that a force cannot subtract from the object's velocity since it is not opposite to its motion and instead changes its path without actually changing the speed, am i correct?

submitted by /u/Freeman_21
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If the immune system can mistake a harmless substance as an invader (ie. allergies), can it mistake a HARMFUL virus/bacteria as harmless? If not why?

Posted: 28 Dec 2020 08:46 PM PST

Is it a given that all patients with COVID will have some degree of long-term damage?

Posted: 28 Dec 2020 06:52 PM PST

Anybody have a research-supported opinion on this? Or any articles that you can share on this? Thank you

submitted by /u/throwawaygamgra
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How did Mars become red?

Posted: 28 Dec 2020 12:14 PM PST

I know that the reason it appears red is a result of abundant iron oxides on its crust, but how did those oxides form? I do know a bit about chemistry and don't rust-red iron oxides require abundant oxygen to form. Otherwise, without exposure to oxygen, wouldn't the iron be more grey as it would be in a more reduced state?

Unless I'm mistaken, rust-colored deposits around the Earth are associated with the Great Oxidation Event, which occurred after life on Earth evolved photosynthesis, which produces oxygen as a byproduct. Oxygen is a very highly reactive gas, and if I understand correctly, it only persists in our atmosphere because it is constantly being renewed by photosynthetic life.

So could the presence of more oxidized iron on Mars indicate that it once had oxygen in its atmosphere, and would that, in turn, be evidence to indicate life may once have existed on Mars?

submitted by /u/Brainless96
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Why sun light is important for human skin ?

Posted: 28 Dec 2020 03:26 PM PST

Are viruses living things?

Posted: 28 Dec 2020 01:22 PM PST

Over the years this is a question I have seen posed in different contexts, and answered in different ways. I thought it would be interesting to generate some discussion on the topic at the end of a year where virology is a little more front of mind for us all (though, to be clear, my question is not about the Coronavirus in particular).

Viruses reproduce, interact with their environments, and evolve, but they are not composed of cells nor do they (I believe) grow, adapt, or change over their lifetime. Perhaps this debate is more about the semantics of 'what counts as alive' more than anything else, but I think it is an interesting question for scientists nonetheless.

submitted by /u/TheSpeckledSir
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Are viruses that are more similar to ones in your immunological memory recognized sooner?

Posted: 28 Dec 2020 10:25 AM PST

so for example if you have the memory of covid-19 and you encounter a strain with 5 changes or 500 changes, would you deal better with a 5 change one?

or does it only find and create a memory of that specific strain

submitted by /u/K1ng_K0ng
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What happens to excess energy generated by power plants?

Posted: 28 Dec 2020 01:52 PM PST

I imagine the management of a power plant is partially predicting power consumption, but it can't be perfect. So normal, day to day operation, what happens when the power plant generates too much energy? The most extreme case I can think of is a power outage, but what about if every single power consuming device was shut off simultaneously. Does the electricity clog like a pipe or are there other side effects?

submitted by /u/bent_my_wookie
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Does an unpopped popcorn kernel provide the same nutritional value as the piece of popcorn it would make?

Posted: 28 Dec 2020 12:55 AM PST

Why are Russian space station modules tapered?

Posted: 28 Dec 2020 04:08 AM PST

It seems like from the very beginning with the Salyut station all the way to Zvezda and Zarya, Russian space station modules are almost always tapered while US and European modules like Columbus and Unity are plain old cylinders. Is there any particular reason for this?

submitted by /u/TuftedCat
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Would it be possible for the mRNA technology, used in COVID-19 vaccines, to fabricate other proteins ? If yes, could it help cope with protein-deficiency-related diseases such as Bloom syndrom, or even some hormones ?

Posted: 28 Dec 2020 07:30 AM PST

Is DNA more likely to be damaged during transcription?

Posted: 28 Dec 2020 07:24 AM PST

How does the mRNA in the Pfizer vaccine only target immune cells?

Posted: 28 Dec 2020 09:20 AM PST

If I'm understanding it correctly, the mRNA is capsulated in a lipid and when it enters the body immune cells "eat it" with endocytosis and the mRNA gets translated into a spike protein. Does this only happen to immune cells or do "normal" cells read the mRNA and produce spike proteins?

submitted by /u/ChemicalBeyond
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How does Solubility Work?

Posted: 28 Dec 2020 10:27 AM PST

I went to college for chemistry, walked away with an Associate's degree, but I honestly don't know how solubility works on a fundamental level. Is the material technically melting? Why is water miscible with Benzene but not Acetone? Water and acetone are polar, does that not mater? Why is Dioxane used to dissolve HCl and NaOH when Dioxane is aprotic?! DOES ANYONE EVEN KNOW CONCLUSIVELY WHAT HAPPENS DOWN THERE?!

submitted by /u/Nitrousoxide72
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How do cancer and its therapy affect severity and duration of a SARS-CoV-2 infection?

Posted: 28 Dec 2020 10:23 AM PST

Hello there,

so, I lately saw some studies on the effect of COVID-19 on cancer patients, but I wondered, if cancer patients see more severe or longer infections. Especially in relation to the treatment, since some forms like chemotherapy or radiation therapy attack healthy cells as well and may affect the immune system. I tried to search for this online, but I was only able to find papers/studies/preprints for the effect of COVID-19 on cancer. I should note that I am an engineer and not a biologist or doctor, so I only have some basic knowledge of human biology and the imunesystem/cancer so I may have misunderstood something.

I am aware of the fact, that there are a lot of different types of cancer with even more symptoms and progressions. Also that there are different kinds of treatment with different goals. So while my general question holds, because of the complexity I would like to break it up in multiple, more in detail sub-questions:

  • Do cancer patients in general have longer/more severe COVID-19 infections and why/why not?
  • Are specific forms of cancer especially bad for a COVID-19 infection (I imagine lung cancer is pretty bad) and why/why not?
  • Are cancer patients longer infectious and why/why not?
  • How does the form of therapy alter the course of COVID-19 and why/why not?

Looking forward to your answers and maybe some new sources. Thank you!

submitted by /u/pmdu
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