COVID-19 started with one person getting infected and spread globally: doesn't that mean that as long as there's at least one person infected, there is always the risk of it spiking again? Even if only one person in America is infected, can't that person be the catalyst for another epidemic? | AskScience Blog

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Thursday, July 16, 2020

COVID-19 started with one person getting infected and spread globally: doesn't that mean that as long as there's at least one person infected, there is always the risk of it spiking again? Even if only one person in America is infected, can't that person be the catalyst for another epidemic?

COVID-19 started with one person getting infected and spread globally: doesn't that mean that as long as there's at least one person infected, there is always the risk of it spiking again? Even if only one person in America is infected, can't that person be the catalyst for another epidemic?


COVID-19 started with one person getting infected and spread globally: doesn't that mean that as long as there's at least one person infected, there is always the risk of it spiking again? Even if only one person in America is infected, can't that person be the catalyst for another epidemic?

Posted: 15 Jul 2020 10:50 AM PDT

Are we learning about other viruses besides COVID while learning about COVID? If so, what

Posted: 15 Jul 2020 05:05 PM PDT

If we were to completely overhaul the SI units to be based on fundamental measurements in the universe, what kind of units could we expect? Would it be any useful?

Posted: 16 Jul 2020 04:40 AM PDT

Instead of relying on arbitrary measurements, what if we set fundamental constants as a base unit (1 Planck length = 1 unit, 1 elementary charge = 1 unit) instead of what we have now (1 metre or 1 Coulomb as defined by the Ampere)? Would all the SI quantities have available elementary values? Is it of any use to us as humans (perhaps in the far future as an interstellar civilisation)?

submitted by /u/BoyMcBoyo
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Why don't new mountain ranges form?

Posted: 16 Jul 2020 01:55 AM PDT

Only certain places in the world have mountain ranges and others don't and never will, why not?

submitted by /u/Human_Tier
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What are the determinants of immunoglobulin glycosylation patterns?

Posted: 15 Jul 2020 08:20 PM PDT

Or more specifically, what immunological or metabolic signals (or stressors) cause decreased fucosylation of antibodies? This question was inspired by this recent preprint showing that IgG antibodies from the serum of patients who recovered from severe COVID-19, but not recombinant antibodies, may have a causal role in severe illness due to differences in inflammatory signaling depending on the presence of fucosylation in the Fc region. This research follows from other research finding decreased fucosylation among patients with severe COVID-19. This latter finding has been replicated in other studies.

I'm wondering whether this is permanent and related to the IgG isotype/subclass or other stable characteristics of B-cell biology, or whether these "de-fucosylated" antibodies may be replaced over time.

submitted by /u/ZoneNervous
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Results of recently published vaccine trial: what can I take away from the results? What does this mean for the next clinical trial?

Posted: 15 Jul 2020 06:21 PM PDT

Biology undergrad student here! I live in an area where they are recruiting people for a phase 3 vaccine clinical trial (mRNA-1273 vaccine, Moderna) for COVID-19. This trial has been in the news, but as a biology student, I definitely want to know the science behind it (and not just the sensational media rhetoric). The research group published the results from the phase 1 trial, and I've been reading the paper and had a few questions about it, and wanted to hear thoughts from other experts in the field.

Link to paper: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2022483

  1. Does a greater antibody response necessarily mean improved immunity? Doesn't the trial ultimately have to involve some viral-exposure component (ie. subjects that received vaccine are then exposed to virus, and then measure immune response) to prove effectiveness?
  2. How does an mRNA vaccine work? My understanding is that the mRNA of the spike protein is injected, which creates antibodies...but how?
  3. What is a pseudovirus neutralization assay? Does it use a nonactive virus to see if it infects the subject? Is it an invivo or invitro thing?

And this last question comes close to rule 1 (I can remove it if needed): the phase 3 trial will involve 30,000 subjects. The fact that the trial is at phase 3, I'm assuming, means that there's a greater chance that the vaccine is effective rather than not, and is safe rather than not. Is this a fair assumption? Would you feel comfortable signing up for this clinical trial?

Any insight is appreciated, and stay safe!

submitted by /u/PowerOfMitochondria
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What does the term “Covid19 long-hauler” imply?

Posted: 15 Jul 2020 09:56 PM PDT

I have seen this term in the news many times and know of people that still have symptoms months after recovering. Does this means that the virus was never eliminated 100% from the body? Or is that a result of permanent damage? Any answer to this phenomenon is appreciated.

submitted by /u/trust_me_on-this_one
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Why does cough syrup make you feel sleepy?

Posted: 15 Jul 2020 09:35 PM PDT

Is it possible for a comet to have an orbital period greater than the age of the star it orbits?

Posted: 15 Jul 2020 11:41 AM PDT

The answer feels like yes, however I am suspicious that such an orbit would require a perigee velocity greater than the escape velocity, making it implicitly impossible.

The age of the star would certainly matter of course, so maybe this is a 'yes', but only for very young stars?

submitted by /u/Yen1969
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The Holocene Epoch - What will the next one be?

Posted: 15 Jul 2020 07:10 PM PDT

How are eras, periods, epochs, etc. defined and how are they named? Will current events stimulate the birth of the next epoch?

submitted by /u/Gasoline_Dion
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About coming up with a vaccine for SARS-CoV-2; how does it compare in difficulty against creating one for the common cold?

Posted: 15 Jul 2020 08:01 AM PDT

How long after being exposed to Covid are you able to transmit the disease to to others?

Posted: 15 Jul 2020 12:36 PM PDT

If I come in contact with someone with Covid, how long after the initial interaction, if I have it, will having contact with others spread the disease? Is it instantly passed or is there an amount of time before it becomes contagious? (This is not medical advice, it is purely hypothetical)

submitted by /u/nickfrank11
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If a person has herpes are they immune-compromised?

Posted: 15 Jul 2020 12:57 PM PDT

Are there any instances of vaccines that provide a better immune response than if you had been infected?

Posted: 15 Jul 2020 11:47 AM PDT

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