Black Lives Matter | AskScience Blog

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Saturday, July 18, 2020

Black Lives Matter

Black Lives Matter


Black Lives Matter

Posted: 02 Jun 2020 10:57 AM PDT

Black lives matter. The moderation team at AskScience wants to express our outrage and sadness at the systemic racism and disproportionate violence experienced by the black community. This has gone on for too long, and it's time for lasting change.

When 1 out of every 1,000 black men and boys in the United States can expect to be killed by the police, police violence is a public health crisis. Black men are about 2.5 times more likely to be killed by police than white men. In 2019, 1,099 people were killed by police in the US; 24% of those were black, even though only 13% of the population is black.

When black Americans make up a disproportionate number of COVID-19 deaths, healthcare disparity is another public health crisis. In Michigan, black people make up 14% of the population and 40% of COVID-19 deaths. In Louisiana, black people are 33% of the population but account for 70% of COVID-19 deaths. Black Americans are more likely to work in essential jobs, with 38% of black workers employed in these industries compared with 29% of white workers. They are less likely to have access to health insurance and more likely to lack continuity in medical care.

These disparities, these crises, are not coincidental. They are the result of systemic racism, economic inequality, and oppression.

Change requires us to look inward, too. For over a decade, AskScience has been a forum where redditors can discuss scientific topics with scientists. Our panel includes hundreds of STEM professionals who volunteer their time, and we are proud to be an interface between scientists and non-scientists. We are fully committed to making science more accessible, and we hope it inspires people to consider careers in STEM.

However, we must acknowledge that STEM suffers from a marked lack of diversity. In the US, black workers comprise 11% of the US workforce, but hold just 7% of STEM jobs that require a bachelor's degree or higher. Only 4% of medical doctors are black. Hispanic workers make up 16% of the US workforce, 6% of STEM jobs that require a bachelor's degree or higher, and 4.4% of medical doctors. Women make up 47% of the US workforce but 41% of STEM professionals with professional or doctoral degrees. And while we know around 3.5% of the US workforce identifies as LGBTQ+, their representation in STEM fields is largely unknown.

These numbers become even more dismal in certain disciplines. For example, as of 2019, less than 4% of tenured or tenure-track geoscience positions are held by people of color, and fewer than 100 black women in the US have received PhDs in physics.

This lack of diversity is unacceptable and actively harmful, both to people who are not afforded opportunities they deserve and to the STEM community as a whole. We cannot truly say we have cultivated the best and brightest in our respective fields when we are missing the voices of talented, brilliant people who are held back by widespread racism, sexism, and homophobia.

It is up to us to confront these systemic injustices directly. We must all stand together against police violence, racism, and economic, social, and environmental inequality. STEM professional need to make sure underrepresented voices are heard, to listen, and to offer support. We must be the change.


Sources:

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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Why are diabetics considered to be at higher risk of death from COVID_19?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 04:25 PM PDT

My little brother is diabetic, and I was wondering why I read everywhere that people with preexisting conditions like diabetes are susceptible to more severe symptoms of the virus. I understand that a person with a condition that would affect their immune system would have a harder time fighting the virus, but I don't see how a diabetic would struggle with it.

submitted by /u/BadassSteve2
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Why is the Earth "overdue" for so many natural disasters (i.e. Ice Age, Cascadia subduction, Yellowstone)?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 07:40 PM PDT

Is there something happening that's significantly delaying the natural period of these events?

submitted by /u/blobbynord
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How does an inert gas like argon prevent the evaporation of tungsten in a filament bulb?

Posted: 18 Jul 2020 02:59 AM PDT

How likely is it that the modern human genome has genes from other hominids besides Neanderthals and Denisovans?

Posted: 18 Jul 2020 05:06 AM PDT

Since we've confirmed that early humans interbred with Neanderthals and Denisovans and that some people have genes that can be traced back to them, can we also assume that there are likely other modern genes that were acquired from other hominids we just don't have a fossil record of?

submitted by /u/Gradath
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Given two sets of twins (male and female). If each pair has a child, can you determine which child “belongs” to what parents purely from a DNA test?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 07:36 PM PDT

As the question implies, if you have two sets of twins (male and female) and each pair has a child, of the same sex or different sex, would you be able to tell what child "belongs" to what parents?

If each dad and mom shares identical DNA with their twin, wouldn't these children (who are cousins) be genetically identified as siblings? And in addition, can you tell if there's any genetic difference between identical twins?

submitted by /u/amenotekijara
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What kind of effect will anti-vaxers have once there is a vaccine for COVID-19?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 05:54 PM PDT

In other words, if they don't vaccinate, could it be possible that it destroys the chance of a successful vaccine deployment for the rest?

submitted by /u/Delta4o
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What seems to be the mortality rate of COVID?

Posted: 18 Jul 2020 02:03 AM PDT

Some say it's up to 4%, but I also hear 1%.

What does it seem to be at this point now we know more?

submitted by /u/intjeejee
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Has the ratio of Carbon 14 to Carbon 12 in the atmosphere been the same over Earth's history?

Posted: 18 Jul 2020 07:16 AM PDT

Hi all!

I'm curious about the question "has the ratio of C14 to C12 in the atmosphere (1 to 1 trillion) remained a constant across Earth's history?"

This came up because I'm active in discussions on Young Earth Creationism. During one of these discussions, I came across this article: https://answersingenesis.org/geology/carbon-14/doesnt-carbon-14-dating-disprove-the-bible/

The main argument in the article is this: Carbon 14 dating is unreliable because assumptions are made about the ratio of C14 to C12 in the Earth's past. Since the ratio could have been different in the past, we can't get accurate readings on the age of dead animals/plants.

A critical assumption used in carbon-14 dating has to do with this ratio. It is assumed that the ratio of 14C to 12C in the atmosphere has always been the same as it is today (1 to 1 trillion). If this assumption is true, then the AMS 14C dating method is valid up to about 80,000 years. Beyond this number, the instruments scientists use would not be able to detect enough remaining 14C to be useful in age estimates. This is a critical assumption in the dating process. If this assumption is not true, then the method will give incorrect dates.

I also came across a short article that directly conflicts with the above: https://chem.tufts.edu/science/FrankSteiger/carbon14.htm

Creationists assume, usually on the basis of a "flood" argument, that there have been large changes in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere during the past several thousand years. There probably have been small fluctuations, leading to an uncertainty of plus or minus ten percent, confirmed by dating objects of a known age. However, the evidence does not support the creationist claim of large changes in the amount of carbon dioxide.

The creationist argument that the ratio of C-14 to C-12 is not constant is actually based on the assumption of a young earth with an age of 10,000 years, and sudden changes in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere caused by the assumed catastrophic events of the Genesis flood. This is the motivation behind the 30,000 year figure quoted in the creationist position.

Creationists attack all radioactive dating with the claim that radioactive decay rates may have been different in the past. There is absolutely no valid evidence to support this claim. It is entirely at odds with everything that is known about nuclear physics.

So is the ratio of C14 to C12 over history an assumption? Or do we know that the 1 to 1 trillion ratio has been more or less a constant over the history of life on Earth? If it's not a constant, how to we resolve that and account for the difference when dating fossils?

submitted by /u/KittyCatBuddha
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Oxford COVID-19 vaccine, why use a different virus ?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 10:24 PM PDT

Excerpt from the article.

"The technical name of the vaccine is ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, as it is made from a virus called ChAdOx1, which is a weakened and non-replicating version of a common cold virus (adenovirus). The vaccine has been engineered to express the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein."

Question:

1- Why do they have to use a different virus, why not use inert COVID-19 virus itself?

2- Why do they have to engineer a spike protein when COVID-19 already has the spike?

https://www.ovg.ox.ac.uk/news/trial-of-oxford-covid-19-vaccine-starts-in-brazil

submitted by /u/Infuriorating
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How close would a planet need to be to a star to have earth-like amounts of liquid water if it had no atmosphere?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 08:24 AM PDT

Would that even be possible?

submitted by /u/kdlutz
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How has Earth's diameter changed during it's lifetime?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 07:23 AM PDT

When mold grows in people's houses, what is it feeding on?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 08:12 AM PDT

Why does motion sickness cause vomiting?

Posted: 16 Jul 2020 10:01 PM PDT

I have heard of a theory that says that conflict in balance systems causes motion sickness, and that this conflict looks like poisoning to the brain, which causes vomiting to expel the poison. but I would like something different, a different explanation. would motion sickness cause nausea and vomiting by the vagus nerve?

submitted by /u/goofbeast
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