What happens if we mix vaccines of two different diseases and inject It in our body? Are we going to develop antibodies of the two diseases? |
- What happens if we mix vaccines of two different diseases and inject It in our body? Are we going to develop antibodies of the two diseases?
- AskScience AMA Series: Colorado State University Unveils The First Human Clinical Study Measuring and Comparing the Absorption Rate of CBD Delivered Through Food & Supplement Product Formats, Ask Us Anything!
- Might be very stupid so sorry in advance. But NASA says that Perseverance did about 7 months to travel to Mars and travelled about 480 million kilometres. But they say it travelled at a speed of about 39600 Km/h. And unless I made a dumb mistake that doesn't add up. Am I missing something?
- Ask Anything Wednesday - Biology, Chemistry, Neuroscience, Medicine, Psychology
- Which fruits and vegetables most closely resemble their original wild form, before humans domesticated them?
- How much do vitamin D levels change in humans in continental climates during winter and summer?
- Why is the lifetime of a Muon (~2 microseconds) so much smaller than the lifetime of a Neutron (~15 minutes), even though they both decay due to the weak interaction?
- What is the impact of parenting on a child's beliefs, personality and academic success in the long run?
- Is it possible to make a vaccine for any virus?
- How does the body know the that the spike protein produced by a mRNA vaccine is foreign?
- Do drugs like SSRI permanently change the brain chemistry if one maintains the same healthy habits after they ween off? Are they just a way to kick start the brain to better quality of life?
- Does the Pfizer vaccine‘s 95% efficacy protect you from mild COVID-19 as well?
- Does playing crossword puzzles games and board puzzles type games make you more intelligent? is it beneficial for the brain?
- Where do enzymes used in replication/transcription/translation come from?
- How do you prevent blood clots in fully mechanical hearts?
- How do computers determine ethernet cable types?
- Is it possible to safely retrieve an egg from the fallopian tubes?
| Posted: 16 Mar 2021 05:08 PM PDT |
| Posted: 17 Mar 2021 04:00 AM PDT Hi Reddit! We're Dr. Christopher Bell, Associate Professor and Director of the Integrative Biology Lab at Colorado State University, and Keith Woelfel, Director of R&D at Caliper Foods, and we just published the first peer-reviewed investigation of consumer CBD product pharmacokinetics. The study was published in a special edition of the Medical Journal Pharmaceuticals entitled Cannabidiol: Advances in Therapeutic Applications and Future Perspectives, and was approved by Colorado State University's Institutional Review Board (IRB) in compliance with the requirements of 45 CFR 46 for human clinical research. Pharmacokinetics (PK) is the science of how bioactives diffuse through the body, and it reveals the difference between what we consume and what we absorb (vs. what we excrete), as well the rate and efficiency of absorption. PK studies are critical to understanding the efficacy of any bioactive compound, including CBD, since a bioactive's effect is a function of its presence. In other words, you can't feel what you don't absorb. PK studies provide the scientific foundation for claims such as "fast acting," "long lasting," and "superior bioavailability." To date, when CBD product manufacturers have claimed fast action or superior absorption, they have generally based those claims - to the extent they've predicated them at all - on mouse studies or analogies to non-cannabinoid bioactives (often curcumin). Caliper's study represents the first human clinical substantiation of such claims, as well as the first to do so using commercially available products and an IRB-approved study design. Moreover, with the CBD industry generally mired in fraud and mistrust enabled by the prominent absence of Food & Drug Administration (FDA) oversight or enforcement over the past four years, this study is unique in its academic integrity. Although Caliper provided funding for the study, Colorado State University exercised complete and independent authority over the collection, analysis, and publication of these results. Conducted by Colorado State University researchers, this study compared the pharmacokinetic profiles of three proprietary soluble CBD formats - Caliper Powder, Caliper Quillaia-based Liquid Concentrate, and Caliper Gum Arabic-based Liquid Concentrate - against two control formats: oil-based CBD tincture and unemulsified CBD isolate, which together power the majority (pdf) of available consumer CBD products in use today. The blinded, randomized, crossover study design involved 15 healthy men and women, ages 21-62, each consuming 30 mg of CBD in each product format. Participants provided venous blood samples prior to ingestion, and then at regular intervals over the ensuing four hours. Blood analysis revealed that all of Caliper's product formats were absorbed significantly faster than either control:
We welcome any and all questions related to the study! Keith's handle is /u/TryCaliper and Dr. Bell's handle is /u/DrBellCSU. AUA! We'll be available today (3/15/2021) until 5pm MT (7pm ET, 23 UT), but will be checking in after that to make sure everything is answered! [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 17 Mar 2021 06:37 AM PDT English is not my first language so sorry about any mistakes I've made. [link] [comments]  |
| Ask Anything Wednesday - Biology, Chemistry, Neuroscience, Medicine, Psychology Posted: 17 Mar 2021 07:00 AM PDT Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Biology, Chemistry, Neuroscience, Medicine, Psychology Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...". Asking Questions: Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions. The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists. Answering Questions: Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience. If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here. Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here. Ask away! [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 16 Mar 2021 07:12 AM PDT I've recently learned that many fruits and vegetables looked nothing like what they do today, before we started growing them. But is there something we consume daily, that remained unchanged or almost unchanged? [link] [comments]  |
| How much do vitamin D levels change in humans in continental climates during winter and summer? Posted: 16 Mar 2021 01:13 PM PDT |
| Posted: 16 Mar 2021 08:02 PM PDT |
| Posted: 16 Mar 2021 04:24 PM PDT Hello. I have seen posts that for example mentioned the MaTcH meta-analysis showing groups (monozygotic twins, dizygotic twins and normal siblings) sharing the same enviroment or raised in different enviroments seemed to be similar and the impact of the shared environment to be small to non-existent (depending on the trait mentioned). Also Robert Plomin, the author of Blueprint on Psychology Today wrote: "I hope this message also frees parents from the illusion that a child's future success depends on how hard they push them." It is hard for me to wrap my head around the concept that regardless of whether I prevent my children from studying at all or whether I motivate them and help them find out their best way of studying will have no effect on their future success whatsoever. Same goes with beliefs and personality. It makes sense parents won't directly determine a child's personality and beliefs, but again I feel with the most extreme examples of putting a child into a cult and being physically abusive the entire length of a child effect should have some longterm effects on a child. With a normal upbringing also it makes sense that you can influence your child's behaviour in how they react to the experiences that would affect their future personality (Plomin's so-called "random" events). Any help on potential flaws or limitations in the work/disagreement on the matter/perspective I haven't considered would be appreciated. [link] [comments]  |
| Is it possible to make a vaccine for any virus? Posted: 16 Mar 2021 06:19 PM PDT Wouldn't it be possible to encounter a virus for which we can't get the vaccine or it is too complex to be achieved in a reasonable time? [link] [comments]  |
| How does the body know the that the spike protein produced by a mRNA vaccine is foreign? Posted: 16 Mar 2021 05:35 PM PDT So from my understanding the mRNA COVID vaccines work as follows. A sequence of mRNA that codes for the spike protein that is found in SARS-COV-2 is synthesized and placed in a lipid layer, which is the vaccine. That vaccine enters your body and the mRNA is able to enter the cell's mitochondria where a spike protein is made and attaches outside your cells. Your immune system recognizes those proteins as foreign bodies and attacks it. Your body makes anti-bodies that recognize the SARS-COV-2 spike proteins and protects you from a future infection. My question is how does your immune system recognize that spike protein as foreign and attack it? After all the protein is made by your own body and is not "foreign." I took one semester of cell-bio so my understanding of all this is very limited. [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 16 Mar 2021 06:19 AM PDT |
| Does the Pfizer vaccine‘s 95% efficacy protect you from mild COVID-19 as well? Posted: 16 Mar 2021 09:51 AM PDT I know that AstraZeneca's vaccine protects you from severe COVID-19 (70-80%). I cannot find an online source which states the same for Pfizer's vaccine. Does that mean that you have a complete 95% protection - severe and mild? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 16 Mar 2021 12:40 PM PDT |
| Where do enzymes used in replication/transcription/translation come from? Posted: 16 Mar 2021 11:35 AM PDT I understand that there are several enzymes like helicase, RNA polymerase, etc that are used throughout the process of copying DNA and also forming proteins out of our DNA sequences. I imagine that those enzymes also need to be created through the processes it is used for. Then, where do the enzymes needed to facilitate the creation of proteins come from before any of them are produced in the cell? [link] [comments]  |
| How do you prevent blood clots in fully mechanical hearts? Posted: 16 Mar 2021 05:50 AM PDT It is well known and widely adopted in practice that patients with mechanical valves need high doses of blood thinners to prevent clots forming on the surfaces of the foreign material (perhaps something to do with the hard material damaging blood products and initiating a coagulation cascade). But how feasible is it to use blood thinners for fully mechanical hearts like the Bivacor or Jarvis models? I assume there is a limit to how much warfarin you can use, so what do the engineers do to minimize blood clotting? [link] [comments]  |
| How do computers determine ethernet cable types? Posted: 16 Mar 2021 08:18 PM PDT All types of ethernet cables are just 4 pairs of copper cables but they have extremely different bandwidths. But how does a computer recognizes that one copper cable can only transfer 100 Mbps (Cat 5 with 100MHz) and another can transfer 10000 Mbps (Cat 7a with 1000Mhz). I understand that the different speeds depend one the frequence the cables use but how can a computer determine which frequence to use when both cables are just copper? [link] [comments]  |
| Is it possible to safely retrieve an egg from the fallopian tubes? Posted: 16 Mar 2021 09:43 AM PDT Or maybe from the uterus? Instead of the usual retrieval from the ovary. Where can I read about such procedures? [link] [comments]  |
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