AskScience AMA Series: Hi, I'm Robert Faris, a sociology professor at UC Davis, and my latest research on teen bullying recently received some attention and commentary on r/science so I'm here to answer questions about bullying, frenemies, and why prevention programs have not been successful-AMA! | AskScience Blog

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Tuesday, March 16, 2021

AskScience AMA Series: Hi, I'm Robert Faris, a sociology professor at UC Davis, and my latest research on teen bullying recently received some attention and commentary on r/science so I'm here to answer questions about bullying, frenemies, and why prevention programs have not been successful-AMA!

AskScience AMA Series: Hi, I'm Robert Faris, a sociology professor at UC Davis, and my latest research on teen bullying recently received some attention and commentary on r/science so I'm here to answer questions about bullying, frenemies, and why prevention programs have not been successful-AMA!


AskScience AMA Series: Hi, I'm Robert Faris, a sociology professor at UC Davis, and my latest research on teen bullying recently received some attention and commentary on r/science so I'm here to answer questions about bullying, frenemies, and why prevention programs have not been successful-AMA!

Posted: 16 Mar 2021 04:00 AM PDT

Hello r/askscience! Thanks for having me here. I'll be here from 12pm to 3pm PT today (3-6 PM ET, 19-22 UT). My latest research on bullying (with coauthors Diane Felmlee and Cassie McMillan) was based on the idea that teens use aggression to gain social status in their school and tried to identify the most likely targets for their cruelty. To the extent that bullying is used this way, adolescents are likely to target their own friends and friends-of-friends, for these are their rivals for desired social positions and relationships.

We indeed found that, compared to schoolmates who are not friends, friends are four times as likely to bully each other, and friends-of-friends are more than twice as likely to do so. Additionally, "structurally equivalent" classmates - those who are not necessarily friends, but who share many friends in common - are more likely to bully or otherwise victimize each other. Our research received some attention and commentary on r/science so I'm here to answer your questions about bullying, frenemies, and why prevention programs have not been successful--AMA!

Full paper - With Friends Like These: Aggression from Amity and Equivalence.

Username: /u/OfficialUCDavis

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In the way that gravity is based on mass, and electromagnetism is based on charge, are there analogous properties for the weak/strong nuclear forces?

Posted: 15 Mar 2021 10:10 AM PDT

Gravity and electromagnetism seem quite similar in that they are forces based on the mass and charge, respectively, of the objects involved. Do the strong and weak nuclear forces have similar properties that the interactions are based around?

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Can leeches contract aids/hiv?

Posted: 16 Mar 2021 06:32 AM PDT

Are the antibodies and T Cells created by mRNA and Ad26 vaccines the same or different?

Posted: 15 Mar 2021 12:19 PM PDT

Whether you get mRNA (Pfizer & Moderna) or Ad26 (J&J), the goal is for the vaccine to make spike proteins that lead to antibodies and T Cells. Are the antibodies and T Cells created by both types...the same? Or are they different? If they're the same, is the "failure" of a vaccine caused by the vaccine not actually making the antibodies and T Cells they're meant to, or, is it that they're made, but the ones they do make (because they're different) aren't as effective?

Edit: I believe I meant to refer to the creation of B Cells instead of the creation of T Cells. I'll leave the original post as is, as your explanations have been helpful so far. Thanks everyone!

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Why can’t humans survive without a pancreas?

Posted: 16 Mar 2021 06:20 AM PDT

I know Pancreatic cancer is one of the most deadly types, as I've been taught that you can't live without one due to the role it plays in the body by regulating blood glucose levels and producing enzymes for digestion. However with modern medicine, can we not control these things by giving nutrients via IV, or is there another function of the pancreas we cannot recreate?

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Was the Chernobyl graphite radioactive due to induced radioactivity?

Posted: 16 Mar 2021 05:32 AM PDT

Hi

Just watched HBO's Chernobyl series for the 2nd time (wow that is some good TV) and I was a bit puzzled about why the graphite blocks were so radioactive.

Is it simply because they were coated in fission products, or were did they become radioactive themselves as a result from induced radiation from being present in the core?

I'm wondering the same about things like the 'Chernobyl claw'. Is that still radioactive because of induced radioactivity while it was working near the exposed core?

Thanks

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At sea level, how different is the evaporation rate of water at 99c and 100c? In a graph showing that, would there be a sudden jump?

Posted: 16 Mar 2021 03:40 AM PDT

In a lithium-ion battery, when electrons flow into the cathode during discharge, do they reduce the cobalt ions (4+ to 3+) or the incoming lithium ions (+ to 0)?

Posted: 16 Mar 2021 06:38 AM PDT

Why the question? I want to better understand how lithium-ion batteries work, and have read all the 'ordinary-guy' articles in the web and have looked at all the Youtube videos I could find. Most seem to state that it is the lithium ions that gain an electron, but a few state that it is the cobalt ions that do (e.g. this one). PS. I should have said 'oxidize', not 'reduce'.

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Do immunosuppressants affect the COVID-19 vaccine efficacy or the quality of immune response after vaccination?

Posted: 16 Mar 2021 12:34 AM PDT

I'm curious about both the scenario where you are taking a mild immunosuppressant (such as sulfasalazine) when you get the shot, and then after you complete the series you begin taking a stronger one, such as imuran. Is there any data on how these types of drugs impact the immune response to the vaccination and the virus itself after vaccination?

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What is the maximum altitude that meteors start to burn up?

Posted: 16 Mar 2021 02:30 AM PDT

A lot of holywood movies show meteors starting to burn in outer space . How unrealistic is this?

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Why is Thursday 18th march not the solstice but still is the day closest to 12 hours in length?

Posted: 15 Mar 2021 10:13 AM PDT

Looking at the London weather report recently from Metoffice, I noticed that yes, as normal daylight hours are increasing, but the sun will rise at something like 6:10am and set at about 6:11pm on Thursday this week, and then the days after will be longer than 12 hours. Why is that not 20th/21st/22nd march on the solstice?

Edit: After some discussion in the comments, a refinement of this question is: why is the solstice not within 24 hours of the equinox?

submitted by /u/Ulfbass
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Is there any evidence that every person in the world is susceptible to infection by SARS-COV-2?

Posted: 15 Mar 2021 09:47 PM PDT

Did dinosaurs have gizzards?

Posted: 15 Mar 2021 09:52 AM PDT

Did dinosaurs have gizzards?

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How do asteroids form into dense shapes?

Posted: 15 Mar 2021 09:46 AM PDT

On a planetary scale I understand that the accretion of material is compressed due to gravity, but how do small asteroids become so dense. It seems they would be a loose collection of small grains bound only by weak gravity if they formed out of the cosmic cloud.

submitted by /u/JGrizz0011
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