How many people does the average person pass a common cold to? | AskScience Blog

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Thursday, January 4, 2018

How many people does the average person pass a common cold to?

How many people does the average person pass a common cold to?


How many people does the average person pass a common cold to?

Posted: 04 Jan 2018 01:23 AM PST

I've been wondering this for a while. Is there a way to estimate the amount of people a person has coughed on, etc, in order to pass a cold virus to them?

submitted by /u/Skrtmvsterr
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Which fundamental force does dark energy use?

Posted: 04 Jan 2018 02:34 AM PST

Do the forces of dark energy propagate with gravity, electro magnetism, strong or the weak force? Or a combination of these?

Could it be that there is some unknown 5th fundamental force for dark energy?

submitted by /u/empire314
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How does speculative execution in CPUs work?

Posted: 03 Jan 2018 10:28 PM PST

"Speculative execution" in CPUs has been mentioned in the news recently due to the Intel bug. What operations can be speculatively executed at the CPU level and how does the processor know it has a likelihood of a speedup without any higher level understanding of the problem it is solving?

submitted by /u/NonindustrialFront
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If Nitrogen is so unreactive, then why is it used in explosives and fuels?

Posted: 04 Jan 2018 03:21 AM PST

For an example, nitromethane(CH3NO2) and Hydrazine(N2H4) are both used as fuels, and when they are mixed together they produce an explosive salt. Why does this happen?

submitted by /u/Asskvar1
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What role does black body radiation and albedo play for the average temperature on earth (and hence habitability)?

Posted: 04 Jan 2018 01:30 AM PST

What effect would a violation in CPT symmetry have on our current understanding of physics?

Posted: 03 Jan 2018 08:36 PM PST

I only have a "practical" understanding of quantum physics from taking physical chemistry, and so the "finer points" of modern particle physics are lost on me. I recently read about how there are no individual symmetries for charge, parity, or time and instead there appears to be a single symmetry of all of these together. This lead me to wonder what the implications of this theory being incorrect would be.

submitted by /u/Nowhere_Man_Forever
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In the Rutherford Gold Foil Experiment, why did the alpha particles collide with the gold nuclei but not with the oxygen nuclei in the air?

Posted: 03 Jan 2018 06:04 PM PST

In the Rutherford Gold Foil experiment, alpha particles were shot at a piece of gold foil. Some particles collided with the nuclei of the gold atoms in the foil and were deflected, which is how Rutherford realized the nature of the nucleus. Why, then, would the oxygen atoms in the path of the alpha beam not have a similar interaction with the particles?

submitted by /u/zachisosum
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Won't landfills become fossil fuels in the future?

Posted: 04 Jan 2018 12:06 AM PST

Obviously assuming they are met with the same geologic phenomena that created existing fossil fuels. Essentially they are big piles of organic waste and plastic, which are already hydrocarbons.

I guess I'm just curious as to what a future geologist would find when studying an area that was a landfill.

submitted by /u/datusernames
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If gravity on Mars is roughly 2.5 times weaker than on Earth, would you be able to jump 2.5 times higher or is it not a direct relationship?

Posted: 04 Jan 2018 06:33 AM PST

I am referring to the gravitational acceleration on Mars (~3.7) vs Earth (~9.8) when I say 2.5 times weaker

submitted by /u/lil_mattie
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How do digital alarm clocks remain so accurate over extended periods of time?

Posted: 03 Jan 2018 08:30 PM PST

I was wondering about my $5 alarm clock today. It is cheaply made, but has consistently shown the correct time since I bought it. If an alarm clock was off by a mere second every hour, it would only be 1/3600th or about .03% off every hour. That seems so insignificant, but that would make the clock off by a minute after just 2.5 days, and off by over 2 hours in a year.

submitted by /u/DrScitt
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Does dark matter surround all galaxies? If so, how?

Posted: 04 Jan 2018 04:16 AM PST

I had read in a textbook (Astronomy Today, 8th Edition) that

Then, at later times, normal matter was drawn by gravity into the regions of highest density, eventually forming galaxies and galaxy clusters. This picture explains why so much dark matter is found on the outside of visible galaxies. (P705-706, Chapter 27)

This seemed to indicate to me that most galaxies are surrounded by much dark matter and all are surrounded by some. I then read that baryon acoustic oscillations ('sound' waves of matter created by radiation forcing it to expand outward rapidly as a result of the coupling of matter and radiation that occurred in the time from the big bang to before 10-20 seconds after the big bang) in the first created galaxies surrounding the dark matter clusters because of the differing density from the surrounding space.

The shell [of matter ejected from the dark matter by its interaction with radiation] continues to expand until the epoch of decoupling at which time the push from the radiation stops and the shell stalls. Subsequently the shell simply expands along with the rest of the universe. But because the shell itself represents a denser-than-average part of the universe, it too will tend to attract more matter and it will eventually form galaxies of its own. The result is that every dark matter region that forms a galaxy or galaxy cluster is expected to have associated with it a secondary shell of galaxies. (P709, Chapter 27)

This left me a little confused as to if dark matter is present surrounding all galaxies. I looked it up but didn't find a clear answer and much of it was a little hard to understand.

These shells of galaxies form as a result of normal matter ejected into regions relatively close to high densities of dark matter which would imply that most of the surrounding dark matter accredited into the mass at the center. If this is true then it seems that there wouldn't be much dark matter left to surround these. Because of this is there any significant difference between the shells and the galaxy/cluster that formed as a result of the high density of dark matter.

EDIT: From what I read online, it seemed assumed that dark matter 'halos' surround all galaxies but I couldn't find anything to explain why in regards to the baryon acoustic oscillations.

submitted by /u/BingRazer
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Are oceans becoming increasingly saltier?

Posted: 03 Jan 2018 11:40 PM PST

The saltiness of oceans and seas is, if I recall correctly, due to minerals transferring to the oceans via rivers. This implies that oceans were not always this salty and that they become even saltier as time moves on. Is this the case? Can marine animals survive if the oceans become much saltier?

submitted by /u/schwifty_man
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Does blood coagulate in some areas faster than others? Where and why?

Posted: 03 Jan 2018 11:15 PM PST

Does blood coagulate at the same rate everywhere in the body?

submitted by /u/DatnwordAL
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How do we differentiate species based on genetics? What criteria would groups of humans have to meet genetically to be classified as different species ?

Posted: 03 Jan 2018 11:11 PM PST

The classical definition of species are two species that can mate and produce viable offspring but that isn't always perfect and we differentiate based on genetics alot for this reason.

So my question is, what are the criteria for differentiating species based on genetics and what would it take to differentiate humans by species?

Note that this isn't racially motivated and I realize the difference between dark skin is just a few alleles, so we could very likely be differentiating different groups of white humans from each other.

submitted by /u/mizzrym91
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Steam baths have been used medicinally by many cultures worldwide. Are there any studies showing their effectiveness for any ailment, or was the idea widespread just because people thought they were "sweating out" the disease?

Posted: 03 Jan 2018 09:04 PM PST

Are we able to increase CPU hyperthreading (ie 2 threads per physical core now to 3, 4, ...)?

Posted: 04 Jan 2018 06:35 AM PST

What is the limit on hyperthreading? Currently AMD and Intel have CPUs some of which feature hyperthreading at 2 threads per physical core.

Why not 3 or 4 or more? Is that possible? What are the limitations? Is it easier to just physically add more cores?

Is the limitation on adding physical cores manufacturing technology and lithography size?

submitted by /u/ag11600
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I've heard that no two colds are the same, and that our bodies become immune to each cold we get. If that's true, how often do our immune systems deflect colds we've become immune to?

Posted: 03 Jan 2018 02:47 PM PST

The capacitor in a buck converter?

Posted: 04 Jan 2018 04:40 AM PST

Why is there a capacitor in a buck converter? It seems as though it is just being charged by the inductor and not really contributing to powering the load.

submitted by /u/Titrer
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What is the coldest fire?

Posted: 03 Jan 2018 01:36 PM PST

Obviously fire is hot and there are various degrees of hot flame. Ex. Blue and purple flame. Which each have corresponding temperatures. What is the coldest flame and its temperature? And why is it that cold?

submitted by /u/TangiblePragmatism
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Could a person really hold onto a door in a room that has a hull breach in space? How much force would it take to hold on?

Posted: 03 Jan 2018 07:45 PM PST

Frequently in movies, you see a hull breach in a spaceship, and a character holds onto a door or something else in the room while it breaches so that they aren't sucked outside. Is this realistic? Could a person really hold on while a room is bring vacated of air? If so, how strong would a person have to be to hold on?

submitted by /u/grandsonofclemson
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If sound is the result of vibrations of air molecules, why is wind not the loudest thing ever?

Posted: 03 Jan 2018 08:16 PM PST

Why does your Phones Microphone not pick up the voice of the other person when a call is on Speaker?

Posted: 03 Jan 2018 06:01 PM PST

Does a city or urban area take longer to cool at night that a rural area?

Posted: 03 Jan 2018 09:21 PM PST

I'm in the Philippines and noticed that a lot of construction work takes place at night, I'm guessing this is because it's cooler so easier on the workers, a few of us where talking at the bar and where wondering if a city takes longer to cool down at night than say a small rural village, does the tarmac and concrete release heat slower into the night meaning that the ambient temp stays higher, or is the difference negligible compared to some corn fields?

submitted by /u/wezatron4000
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Planks constant states that the position uncertainty of an electron times the momentum uncertainty must be greater than or equal to planks constant divided by two. Why is this? What would happen otherwise, or what is preventing it to happen? Or, how do we know this?

Posted: 03 Jan 2018 06:28 PM PST

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