Why do lysosomes need a low pH in order to function/degrade proteins? |
- Why do lysosomes need a low pH in order to function/degrade proteins?
- Does damage to lungs due to covid improve over time? Does the damage noticeably affect breathing or can it go unnoticed?
- How vaccine effectiveness is affected by blood donation?
- With the Covids mRNA technology being approved like no other medicine and assuming there are minimal side effects, should future mRNA medicine be approved at the same rate for autoimmune diseases?
- How resilient are (biological) neural networks to the loss of individual neurons?
- Are you more likely to notice noise that wasn't there before or a noise that was there, disappear?
- Do pain relievers taken after a vaccine reduce its effectiveness?
- Has earth’s orbital trajectory around the sun shifted or deviated throughout the centuries/millennia, or has it always been the same with negligible shifts?
- How has the amount of water on Earth’s surface changed over geologic time?
- What is the deal with high heat and nonstick coatings on cookware? What is "high heat", and what exactly breaks down on a physical/chemical level?
- Protein folding in cytosolic ribosomes?
- Are there certain volcanoes that we know to a certainty that will never erupt again? Or is it too difficult to know or predict that sort of thing?
- Do antipyretics slow down the healing process of the body?
- How do different mechanisms of action of covid19 vaccines compare against mutant strains?
- How does aphasia (the word salad effect after a stroke) affect a person's ability to understand and communicate in ways other than speaking? Do people who've recovered understand what was going on? Can they write or use sign language even when they can't talk?
- How are phase diagrams determined?
- How do IP injections of antibodies get into circulation and reach distant sites like the brain? Can Abs cross the blood brain barrier?
- With the COVID pandemic, have blood donations plummeted to dangerous levels?
- MAOA L, the ‘warrior gene’ is linked to high levels of aggression due to it meaning high levels of serotonin is left in the synaptic cleft?
- Do you absorb more caffeine drinking coffee empty stomached compared to after a meal?
- How do human genetics affect vaccine side-effects?
- What is the second fastest thing in the universe after the speed of light? How big is the difference?
| Why do lysosomes need a low pH in order to function/degrade proteins? Posted: 18 Jan 2021 09:13 PM PST |
| Posted: 18 Jan 2021 12:50 PM PST |
| How vaccine effectiveness is affected by blood donation? Posted: 19 Jan 2021 06:41 AM PST Say a person has been vaccinated (specifically the mRNA vaccines for Covid-19 if necessary). What if blood is being taken away from that person by blood-donation or other methods (even trauma). How does it affect the levels of antibodies/t-cells (are those the correct terms) in the blood? Are those restored to the high levels they were before blood was taken away, along with the generation of other blood "components"? Does it matter if the blood was taken away after the first vaccine dose or after the second? To clarify - I'm speaking about the immunized person that lost blood it some way, not a recipient of blood donation or antibodies. [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 18 Jan 2021 12:30 PM PST The idea came after learning about the experimental mRNA treatment for MS which i'll link below. Should potential mRNA for autoimmune diseases be approved at the same rate as the Covid Vaccine as the medicine potentially could be better than current treatments on the market and provide less side effects than current offerings? Link https://mstrust.org.uk/news/researchers-develop-mrna-vaccine-treat-ms-condition-mice [link] [comments]  |
| How resilient are (biological) neural networks to the loss of individual neurons? Posted: 18 Jan 2021 07:15 PM PST I know that they are pretty great at rewiring to accommodate damage, and that ferinstance stroke victims can often regain lost functionality over time. But in the immediate term, and in orders of magnitude, what's the minimum number of neurons you'd need to lose at once to cause noticeable impairment of some kind? Are there crucial nodes with very little redundancy? How bottlenecked do the networks get; what's the 'bus factor', in management-speak? Single-digits? Hundreds? Teaspoons? [link] [comments]  |
| Are you more likely to notice noise that wasn't there before or a noise that was there, disappear? Posted: 18 Jan 2021 07:36 PM PST |
| Do pain relievers taken after a vaccine reduce its effectiveness? Posted: 18 Jan 2021 12:01 PM PST |
| Posted: 18 Jan 2021 01:50 PM PST |
| How has the amount of water on Earth’s surface changed over geologic time? Posted: 18 Jan 2021 04:12 PM PST Is water being subducted into the mantle faster than it's being out gassed back out? Has the Earth experienced any net loss of water to space? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 18 Jan 2021 01:12 PM PST Nonstick pans very commonly instruct to avoid "high heat". What exactly constitutes high heat? Is it just large temperature? Or maybe high watts going through? Or is it just the total energy that goes through? Does it matter if the inside of the pot has a good heat sink, like a bunch of water? The way I figure, if it's a matter of temperature then you can boil water all day long at max heat no problems. If it's a matter of watts, it doesn't really matter what's on the top side, just matters what the burner is set to. If it's a matter of energy, then the coating has some finite lifetime, and cooking something quickly at high heat vs slowly at low heat doesn't make much difference. Is any of this speculation right? [link] [comments]  |
| Protein folding in cytosolic ribosomes? Posted: 18 Jan 2021 12:15 PM PST Hello, I had a question about protein folding. It's to my understanding that proteins that are to be exported out of the cell are translated in the ribosomes attached to the rough E.R, and folding occurs in the same place for those proteins. What about the proteins translated in the cytosolic ribosomes? Where does the folding for those proteins occur? Thanks in advance. [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 18 Jan 2021 11:15 AM PST |
| Do antipyretics slow down the healing process of the body? Posted: 18 Jan 2021 08:20 AM PST I've come to understand that fever is a deliberate response by the body that helps it fight off sickness. Does taking antipyretics like Ibuprofen or Paracetamol make it harder for the body to do so and thus potentially prolong the disease? I'm thinking primarily of Covid, but also interested in other diseases. Thank you, and stay safe! ps. excuse my grammar. not native. [link] [comments]  |
| How do different mechanisms of action of covid19 vaccines compare against mutant strains? Posted: 18 Jan 2021 07:03 AM PST Hi- I'm wondering if there's any scientific evidence that a particular type of vaccine (I.e mechanism of action, such as mRNA, adenovirus, etc) would work better against mutant covid-19 strains. For instance, does an inactivated virus have a wider range of strains covered, or do they all theoretically have similar effectiveness since they're targeting the spike protein? Do they have additional targets besides training the body to identify the spike protein? Thanks in advance! [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 18 Jan 2021 02:48 AM PST |
| How are phase diagrams determined? Posted: 18 Jan 2021 10:10 AM PST So a phase diagram is basically a graph that indicates what state a substance will be at at a certain temperature and pressure. All this data is collected experimentally. But how do you change the temperature in a system without also changing the pressure and vice versa? If we start off with helium gas and assume it acts as an ideal gas, then T = (PV)/(nR). If you increase temperature, then the pressure should also go up. It seems to me that the only way to increase temperature without increasing pressure would be to increase the volume or decrease the number of moles of helium. How would such a device work to allow this? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 18 Jan 2021 03:12 PM PST This might be a silly question but it's something I've never really understood. I'm reading this paper investigating blood brain barrier integrity. I won't go into the specifics, but they IP inject mice with a monoclonal Ab against a molecule they hypothesize breaks down the BBB integrity. However, they use a mouse model that has this molecule knocked out, and reintroduce it via intracerebroventricular injection. The IP ab treatment manages to ameliorate the loss of BBB integrity. This suggest that: 1) the antibody goes from the peritoneal cavity into circulation and reaches the BBB. How does this work? I could see drugs being passively transported into the surrounding vasculature, but I don't see it'd work for antibodies 2) once at the BBB, the Ab crosses the BBB and neutralizes its target molecule before it can break down the BBB (this target molecule should only be found within the brain). How does this work? Thanks. [link] [comments]  |
| With the COVID pandemic, have blood donations plummeted to dangerous levels? Posted: 18 Jan 2021 02:10 PM PST I am assuming that blood donations have dropped off significantly because of COVID - what long term impacts will this have? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 18 Jan 2021 07:22 AM PST I thought that low levels of serotonin linked to aggression rather than high levels, could someone please try to explain this [link] [comments]  |
| Do you absorb more caffeine drinking coffee empty stomached compared to after a meal? Posted: 18 Jan 2021 04:14 AM PST |
| How do human genetics affect vaccine side-effects? Posted: 18 Jan 2021 09:00 AM PST Is it possible that people with In-born errors in IFN expression (See https://science.sciencemag.org/content/370/6515/eabd4570.full) might be more or less likely to have severe side-effects to the vaccine? Have any retrospective studies been done to see if there is any genetic correlation to severe vaccine side effects? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 17 Jan 2021 07:20 PM PST |
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