How were carnivorous plants able to evolve as they did? | AskScience Blog

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Monday, January 30, 2017

How were carnivorous plants able to evolve as they did?

How were carnivorous plants able to evolve as they did?


How were carnivorous plants able to evolve as they did?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 01:52 PM PST

Let me preface this question by saying I have always been a firm believer of evolution. However, I've puzzled over many strange results of evolution and how they got to be where they are. Carnivorous plants are one example. How can a plant GRADUALLY evolve the ability to trap insects and absorb them without use of its roots? Did it just start out as a mutation that made a plant kind of sticky? It seems like such a radical change and the intermediate steps don't necessarily seem beneficial enough to ensure greater than average reproductive success.

Edit: Thank you for all your informative responses! This was my first reddit post since the 4 years I've been lurking, and it is very encouraging.

submitted by /u/Scyfer327
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How do baryons (ie. a neutron) react to being hit by a boson?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 06:48 PM PST

I know that if a boson is absorbed by an electron, the electron will absorb the energy of the boson by jumping up energy levels and then falling back down and emit more bosons.

However, how does that interaction play out between bosons and baryons? For example, if an xray or a gamma ray hits a neutron or proton directly, how does the particle react? Does the boson impart kinetic energy, does it go right through? etc.

submitted by /u/GMRarg
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In the distant future, will human garbage landfills become pockets of oil?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 09:49 AM PST

Fossil fuels are thought to be massive amounts of organic material that was buried long ago, and transformed by various processes into oil, coal, and natural gas. Our landfills are mostly organic material, so will there be pockets of fossil fuels created by human concentration of garbage in the very distant future?

submitted by /u/BrapTime
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8 weeks of meditation result in a better Brain function, do we already have a clue about the science behind that?

Posted: 30 Jan 2017 01:21 AM PST

30 minutes of meditation, 8 weeks in a row result in an improved brain function, Harvard study suggests. So we know that it works, but do we know how?

submitted by /u/lucidgazorpazorp
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Does the periodic table of elements go on forever? Is it possible to synthesize element 1,000,000?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 11:47 AM PST

I understand that some elements have only been synthesized in a lab and last for mere fractions of a second, but is there anything keeping us from creating, for example, element 1,000,000 even if it only lasted for an incredibly short period of time?

submitted by /u/Jolly_Misanthrope
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Why does the sky turn rainbow when I view it through both polarised sunglasses and a tinted car window?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 09:55 PM PST

Can someone explain these photos?

When viewing the sunny sky through both polarised sunglasses and a tinted car window simultaneously, the sky turns into a rainbow of it's component colours (green, blue, purple). If I view it with only sunglasses, or only the car window, it looks normal.

I'm sure this has something to do with polarisation, but I'd like to know precisely what.

The ground mostly appears normal. My theory is that the light from the sky is polarised (why? Why would that cause a rainbow?), and when the ground (diffusely) reflects that light it messes it up. Smooth rocks and salt plains are an exception to this rule. I'm guessing because they conserve polarisation when they reflect light.

submitted by /u/falsePockets
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Why is thick ice blue?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 08:48 PM PST

Is it possible for a stable isotope to exist in any (already discovered) element?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 08:16 PM PST

To reword this a bit more coherently, many heavy elements past atomic number #82 (currently discovered) are unstable, and contain a half-life. Is it possible for stable isotopes to exist in any/all of these elements, or is there a property that keeps them unstable no matter how many neutrons are added?

submitted by /u/itsgreymonster
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Restarting a crashed application is normally much faster than the initial launch of the same program. Why is this the case?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 03:26 PM PST

I've been learning 3DS Max on my laptop, which isn't the fastest but gets the job done. When the program occasionally crashes, it's always quick to restart, as opposed to when I first launch it and it often takes twice that time. Shouldn't the computer be faster when it's 'ready and waiting', instead of bogged down in heavy work?

submitted by /u/throwaway392613
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Why don't atoms emit Bremsstrahlung?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 01:11 PM PST

Bremsstrahlung is the radiation caused by a charged particle decelerating. Since atoms are made of charged particles, why don't they emit radiation when they are decelerated?

submitted by /u/FreakinGeese
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What are believed to be the risks to individuals who cannot be vaccinated (the very young, immunocompromised etc) of being exposed to unvaccinated people?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 08:03 AM PST

In trying to understand the vaccination/anti-vaccination debate, I've come across useful research and articles that explain how important high levels of vaccination are for herd immunity. Often, they provide an example to help understand this (e.g. how measles can spread in a school to vaccinated and unvaccinated students) and some quantify the risks in an outbreak to vaccinated vs unvaccinated people ( e.g. this study suggests that unvaccinated people are ~35 times more likely to catch measles during an outbreak). Many articles also reference the importance of herd immunity for those who are immunocompromised (people receiving cancer treatment, transplant patients or AIDS patients) as well as those too young to be immunised. What I haven't been able to find is research explaining the risks individuals in those categories might face as a result of day-to-day interaction with unvaccinated people, where the infection status of the unvaccinated person is unknown. Is there a study showing the risks for an immunocompromised person interacting with an unvaccinated person of unknown infection status, or is it just about herd immunity? Is there any research or data out there to help me understand this?

submitted by /u/DrCaptainFantastic
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Are their any mammal species which have the heart on the right side as a general pattern?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 05:42 AM PST

I'm not talking about exceptional dextrocardia (like in humans), but of a general rule for the said species.

Bonus question: how about full internal inversion of organs?

(Some humans do have their abdominal organs reversed---situs inversus---but again, I'm not referring to exceptions.)

submitted by /u/xT2M
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What reducing agents are gaseous and don't contain H?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 01:12 PM PST

I've heard of strong oxidizers that are gaseous close to STP, like BrF5, but are there any reducing agents that are gaseous and at STP or elevated T that don't have H? thanks!!!

submitted by /u/povault
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Why is there a c^2 in Einsteins mass-energy equation? Isnt the speed of light constant, thus making putting a numerical value more efficient?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 07:09 PM PST

Is there a simple proof that square root of minus one is not a real number?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 02:59 PM PST

There is a proof that square root of 2 is not a rational number, which requires only simple definitions and algebra (based on contradiction). While watching Numberphile I heard something like "We can put all real numbers on one line, but square root of minus one cannot be found anywhere there". While it seems obvious, that square root of minus one is not a real number, is there a similarly simple, but strict proof of this fact?

submitted by /u/dandbdi
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Why and how do we know the temperature of space?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 05:13 AM PST

What would be the temperature of "ideal space" , which has no radiations or waves or anything in it?

I do not know how the temperature of space of measured or calculated, but I were to keep a thermometer in space , wouldn't the temperature shown by the thermometer be due to the effect of radiation or light or anything that interacts with it that comes from some distant place (like a star ) ...But it won't be the temperature of the space itself instead the temperature due to a distant star.

Now what would the temperature of space be if there were no em waves or matter ..(absolutely nothing is what I'm referring to)

Thank you. Please correct my knowledge , i might have been wrong on many levels

submitted by /u/hari2897
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Why do triiodothyronine and thyroxine require iodine to function? What does it do for the hormone? And why iodine instead of another halogen?

Posted: 29 Jan 2017 10:49 AM PST

I am currently studying the endocrine system and the thyroid hormone was discussed. I was informed that they require iodine, but that seems odd to me. Why do they need iodine to function? And why not another halogen (considering the similar properties)?

submitted by /u/Mace_Dogg
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