How much radiation dose would you receive if you touched Chernobyl's Elephant's Foot? | AskScience Blog

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Friday, January 13, 2017

How much radiation dose would you receive if you touched Chernobyl's Elephant's Foot?

How much radiation dose would you receive if you touched Chernobyl's Elephant's Foot?


How much radiation dose would you receive if you touched Chernobyl's Elephant's Foot?

Posted: 12 Jan 2017 07:04 AM PST

Why don't electrons traveling in the orbitals of atoms lose energy, although they are a mass traveling a narrow space which should require some kind of acceleration to stay close to the atom?

Posted: 13 Jan 2017 04:29 AM PST

As I learned in physics the acceleration of a mass (and the change of direction is an acceleration) results in a change of kinetic energy, so traveling in a narrow space like an electron around an atom requires acceleration to change the direction of the electron to stay around the atom, so then why are atoms stable at all and why don't electrons bounded to atoms lose energy all the time?

submitted by /u/arachnofan
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Is there an objective definition for entropy?

Posted: 12 Jan 2017 07:09 PM PST

My understanding is that the second law of thermodynamics implies that the total entropy of the universe only increases over time, at least up to random decreases from statistical fluctuations. How does one define the total entropy of the universe in an objective way?

The only definitions of entropy I'm aware of are all properties of a probability distribution rather than of a single state. In physics, this seems to necessitate a partition of the state of a system into a fixed known macrostate, and an associated probability distribution over microstates for which the entropy is defined. This seems like it would make the definition of entropy subjective, in that different observers might have different definitions as to the macrostate of a system, and have correspondingly (very slightly) different evaluations of its entropy.

When measuring the entropy of the entire universe, I don't understand how one can objectively partition its state into a macrostate and a microstate, since presumably everything is just part of one total state and there's no way to pick out just one piece and call it the macrostate.

So I guess I have two questions.

  1. Is there a truly objective way to define the entropy of a physical system? If not, is there a suitable related concept which is objective?
  2. What is actually meant by the "total entropy of the universe"? Or, if it's not strictly the "entropy" of the universe that always increases, what property is it?
submitted by /u/phlogistic
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Can someone explain how magnetism generates electricity?

Posted: 12 Jan 2017 08:57 PM PST

And how they are related to magnetic field, electric field etc. Thanks reddit community!

submitted by /u/pelurusesat
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What's our most sound theory of consciousness to date and why?

Posted: 13 Jan 2017 01:21 AM PST

Yes, for that one person out there, consciousness is what most would deem as metaphysical, but that doesn't stop neuroscienctists from slicing brains now does it?

submitted by /u/AnonymousSteam
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If a planet in our solar system was impacted by a huge asteroid tomorrow, how long would it take for us to discover that, and would we be affected in any way on Earth?

Posted: 12 Jan 2017 08:48 AM PST

Like, for example, if Mars were struck by something rock-like moving at high speed that was say 1/20th the diameter of the planet itself. Obviously the landscape and the atmosphere of the planet would be altered, but what else would happen? Would its orbit get messed up, and would that have any influence on life here on Earth? How does this change if the impacted planet was Venus or Mercury? or if the object was 1/100th the diameter? 1/2? Also, could we go for a long time without knowing about this sort of thing happening in our solar system?

Thanks!

submitted by /u/groggyMPLS
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If friction is not taken into account, do helium balloons accelerate upwards at 9.8m/s/s?

Posted: 13 Jan 2017 04:12 AM PST

Bonus question!

If there are two objects of identical shape, one weighs 10grams, the other has 10 grams of lift, are their terminal velocities the same?

submitted by /u/empire314
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What happens when something is cooled to below 0 degrees Kelvin?

Posted: 12 Jan 2017 11:40 AM PST

I saw this post in r/TIL: https://www.reddit.com/r/todayilearned/comments/5nl5cp/til_physicists_were_able_to_cool_atomic_gas_below/

I was wondering if anyone could elaborate on how this works, it was my understanding that things could not go below 0 degrees Kelvin.

submitted by /u/PotaTOESnMoleASSES
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Why does 16 Psyche have such a low density?

Posted: 12 Jan 2017 01:22 PM PST

I read that asteroid 16 Psyche was composed mostly of pure iron and nickel. However, it only has a density of around 3.3 grams per cubic centimeter.

How is this possible? If it's really pure iron/nickel shouldn't its density be WAY higher, like at least double?

submitted by /u/DelfonicSonic
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How close could you get to the black hole at the centre of the Milky Way, Sagittarius A*, without being pulled in?

Posted: 12 Jan 2017 10:46 AM PST

What keeps the sun in place?

Posted: 12 Jan 2017 11:51 PM PST

Gonna sound stupid but since there's no gravity in space then why doesn't the solar system float away? I know the sun's gravitational pull is what's keeping the planets in place but what's keeping the sun?

submitted by /u/Gingeehd123
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Has a proton been observed being emitted in β^(-) decay?

Posted: 12 Jan 2017 11:33 PM PST

I just learned of the continuous distribution among the 3 particles produced in beta decay. Normally in β- decay, a proton, electron, and antineutrino are produced, with the electron having a 1/250,000 chance of not having enough energy to escape the nucleus. Does this mean there is a non-zero chance of enough of the proton getting enough energy to escape, and has this ever been observed?

submitted by /u/thebigredfiretruck
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What is the smallest body in space that can have or support an atmosphere?

Posted: 12 Jan 2017 10:51 AM PST

I'm curious to know just how small a planet or other celestial body can be in order to sustain an atmosphere. Mars for example is smaller than Earth and has an atmosphere. New Horizons has shown us that even Pluto, a dwarf planet, has a small atmosphere; and even Ceres is showing signs of a very faint water vapor atmosphere. Can anyone weigh in as to whether or not there are set rules on how small an object can be to have an atmosphere?

submitted by /u/buffmb
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[Linguistics] Are there any languages with different words for first person plural, differentiating whether second person is included?

Posted: 12 Jan 2017 08:43 AM PST

Like one word "WE" (me, you, and possibly others), and another "We" (me and others, but not you)?

submitted by /u/ironshadowspider
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Does Mars have tectonic activity?

Posted: 12 Jan 2017 07:50 AM PST

I was recently reading this article on the BBC (1) that stated Earth is the only planet we know of with techtonic activity. I felt skeptical and did some addictional reading that suggested plate tectonics indeed exist on Mars, but I'm unsure if they have been verified extensively.

In addition the article also claims no other bodies with the exception of Jovian moons have volcanic activity. I know Io is volcanically active, so what causes this? Is it just tidal gravity?

1: http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20170111-the-unexpected-ingredient-necessary-for-life

2: https://www.spaceanswers.com/solar-system/does-mars-have-tectonic-plates/

3: http://www.iflscience.com/space/mars-may-have-continental-crust-similar-earths/

submitted by /u/Largedump
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If I had a compass in the middle of space, lightyears away from any matter, which way would the compass point?

Posted: 12 Jan 2017 07:59 AM PST

What man-made object holds the record for highest kinetic energy ever obtained?

Posted: 12 Jan 2017 07:13 AM PST

I was thinking it must be something like the space station that moves very quickly and is relatively massive, or maybe the saturn V. I know that the question could get confusing based on the frame of reference for velocity.

submitted by /u/Toke76
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What is the consensus on the validity of the Katamatsu and Hirai 1999 "Monks Serotonin" Study?

Posted: 12 Jan 2017 02:17 PM PST

I understand that this is a non-standard question and fully understand if it is removed.

 

Moreso, is there proof that the study ever took place? The study is often cited in International Baccalaureate Psychology textbooks and learning resources, but all attempts by my teacher, classmates, and I to track down the study or either of the alleged authors have been fruitless. I feel that someone with experiance in this field may be able to shed more light on this subject than my peers or I have.

 

The information I have on the phantom study is as follows.

 

AIM

  • Determine how the neurotransmitter serotonin can affect behavior

METHOD

  • Researchers studied a group of Buddhist monks which went on a 72-hour pilgrimage to a holy mountain in Japan

  • Monks did not consume food or water, did not speak, and were exposed to the cold in the late autumn weather

  • After about 48 hours, the monks began to experience hallucinations, often seeing ancient ancestors researchers took blood samples before the pilgrimage and immediately after the monks reported having hallucinations

RESULTS

  • Amount of serotonin had increased in the monk's brains

CONCLUSION

  • Sensory deprivation triggered the release of serotonin

 

Thank you for any assistiance you may be able to provide.

submitted by /u/RyanAHixon
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