What exactly causes a virus to mutate? Does it have anything to do with the carrier? | AskScience Blog

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Sunday, February 14, 2021

What exactly causes a virus to mutate? Does it have anything to do with the carrier?

What exactly causes a virus to mutate? Does it have anything to do with the carrier?


What exactly causes a virus to mutate? Does it have anything to do with the carrier?

Posted: 14 Feb 2021 05:57 AM PST

Have they ever done tests on people with new strains to test their genetic makeup to see if there's some commonality like a specific genetic mutation?

submitted by /u/heyimjason
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Why do animals have different lifespans?

Posted: 13 Feb 2021 06:26 PM PST

This seems like a really stupid question but here goes:

My dog is 7 and she's obviously gonna die much younger than I will. That got me to wondering, since she's a mammal like me, with roughly the same batch of parts, why do we have such different lifespans? Also, why do some dog breeds live way longer than others? It seems to have something to do with size, but there doesn't seem to be an exact correlation.

What is it in our genes that says "this many years for a human, this many years for a dog, this many for a horse, etc.?"

Thanks in advance for the education!

submitted by /u/kahnwiley
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How is it determined if an earthquake is a main quake vs after/before shock?

Posted: 14 Feb 2021 01:44 AM PST

Just last night Northern Japan suffered a 7.3 magnitude earthquake.

News outlets reported today that the quake was an aftershock from the 2011 9.0 magnitude Tohoku quake.

What does this mean?

I had assumed that aftershocks/before shocks were simply temporally associated, but there have been many earthquakes since 2011 in that region that were not considered aftershocks. What makes this one different than the other quakes that have come before it?

How is it determined if an earthquake is a main quake vs after/before shock?

submitted by /u/arthouse2k2k
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Could mRNA technology be used to improve the seasonal flu vaccine?

Posted: 14 Feb 2021 04:55 AM PST

I've read several articles that claim mRNA vaccines make changing the payload very easy. It's a supposedly simple matter of producing the same vehicle but with a different mRNA strand inside. I've read claims that if we needed an updated vaccine to handle the new COVID strains, it could be made in a few weeks.

Would this tech be adaptable to the seasonal flu vaccine? Would it give advantage over the current production methods?

Could this let us make vaccines that better match circulating strains, because we wouldn't have to start production so far in advance of flu season?

Could this remove the dependency on huge numbers of chicken eggs for flu vaccine production?

submitted by /u/auraseer
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How do the mother koala keep her pouch clean while the baby koala is living in it?

Posted: 13 Feb 2021 03:11 PM PST

Why does wavelength determine the kind of EM a mesh blocks?

Posted: 13 Feb 2021 02:29 PM PST

Due to both an RF circuit design class and personal interest, I've been reading up on radios and antenna design and came across a fact that I think illustrates some error in my visualization of how EM waves propagate. In a microwave appliance, there is a metal mesh behind the front window that blocks microwaves from escaping. The explanation for this is that the holes in this mesh are small enough in relation to the wavelength of the microwave such that there is not enough space for them to pass through. In TEM mode like this would be in free air both amplitude components of the wave are perpendicular to the direction of propagation, however, they are measures of field strength so should be unrelated to matters of distance like hole size. But wavelength is a measure of distance along the axis of propagation, so how does changing the size of a hole in a mesh prevent a discrete ray from travelling through it normal to the plane of the hole? If the light is like a train and the mesh is a tunnel I would think that the length of the wave/train is irrelevant to whether that wave/train could get through a tunnel?

submitted by /u/Dothwile
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Which constellations will be the first ones to lose their shape with the passage of time?

Posted: 13 Feb 2021 12:14 PM PST

[Light] Why is the angle of incidence the same as the angle of reflection? Why is it not twice, or half?

Posted: 13 Feb 2021 01:51 PM PST

I know this is quite abstract, and maybe it's impossible to know, but is there some reason it had to be that way?

submitted by /u/Ouisopsa12
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What is the general concensus regarding the Sputnik V vaccine?

Posted: 14 Feb 2021 12:23 AM PST

Hello, I would like to know what's the general consensus of the scientific community concerning the Russian Sputnik V vaccine. I read that it uses the Ad26 and Ad5 adenoviruses and that "these wild viruses are very common in humans and there's widespread immunity to them, so there's the potential that immunity will block the vaccine carrier". I'd like to know if new studies showed that it actually won't affect the 92% reported efficacy or if other issues or promising results were pointed out.

submitted by /u/Khelebragon
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Are electrons the only type of elementary particles that are all identical?

Posted: 13 Feb 2021 09:54 AM PST

Why do refrigerators suddenly start making a sound out of nowhere?

Posted: 13 Feb 2021 01:07 PM PST

Why are there more earthquakes in Summer?

Posted: 13 Feb 2021 10:33 AM PST

Why does Japan get so many earthquakes?

Posted: 13 Feb 2021 06:51 AM PST

Is it due to fault line proximity or volcanic activity being an island nation. I don't know how it works.

submitted by /u/whatthewhat2020
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