How are blood vessels connected in a partial liver transplant? | AskScience Blog

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Monday, February 15, 2021

How are blood vessels connected in a partial liver transplant?

How are blood vessels connected in a partial liver transplant?


How are blood vessels connected in a partial liver transplant?

Posted: 14 Feb 2021 08:25 PM PST

The liver has several crucial blood vessel connections. How are transplants 'hooked up' to them? They can't be just sewn on can they? Isn't there a rather large size difference between the primary vessels and the vessels present in the donated organ?

submitted by /u/jwizardc
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AskScience AMA Series: We are evolutionary biologists from the University of Tennessee celebrating Darwin Day. Ask Us Anything!

Posted: 15 Feb 2021 06:14 AM PST

Hello! We are evolutionary biologists from the University of Tennessee with a wide variety of research backgrounds. We are here celebrating a belated Darwin Day, which commemorates the birthday of Charles Darwin each year on February 12. Joining us today are:

  • Krista De Cooke, PhD student (u/kdec940) studies the spread of invasive plants and native plant alternatives. Her work aims to develop practical tools to help people select appropriate plants for their needs that also serve a positive ecological purpose.

  • Stephanie Drumheller, PhD (/u/uglyfossils) studies paleontology, especially taphonomy. Her research focuses on the processes of fossilization, evolution, and biology, of crocodiles and their relatives, including identifying bite marks on fossils. Find her on Twitter @UglyFossils.

  • Amy Luo, PhD student studies the evolution of bird song dialects.

  • Brian O'Meara, PhD (/u/omearabrian) is an evolutionary biologist at the University of Tennessee and President-Elect of the Society of Systematic Biologists. His research focuses on methods to study how traits have changed over time and their potential impact on other traits as well as speciation and extinction. Find him on Twitter @omearabrian and the web at http://brianomeara.info.

  • Dan Simberloff, PhD (u/kdec940) is a leader in the field of invasion biology and the Nancy Gore Hunger Professor of Environmental Studies at the University of Tennessee. He studies the patterns displayed by species introduced outside their geographic ranges, the impacts such species have on the communities they invade, and the means by which such invasions can be managed.

Ask us anything!

We will be answering questions starting around 5pm Eastern Time, 10 UTC.

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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How significant is fever in suppressing virus outbreaks?

Posted: 15 Feb 2021 07:21 AM PST

I was recently sick in Covid 19, during the sickness i developed a slight fever.
I was recommended to not use Ibuprofen to reduce the fever since that might reduce the body own ability to fight the virus and therefor prolong the sickness

How much, if any, effect does fever have on how long you are sick?

submitted by /u/Theremere
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Is coughing an evolutionary advantage? If so, why do we try to suppress it with cough syrup ?

Posted: 14 Feb 2021 05:19 PM PST

Coughing is the way our body tries to get rid of foreign bodies out of our lungs. I wonder why we should prevent our body to cough, even if it allows us to get rid of some virus. I understand that it slows down the spreading of the disease, however I don't understand, from an evolutionary point of view, why this feature was kept. If it is so disadvantageous, why would this trait survive ? If it's advantageous, why do we suppress it ?

submitted by /u/Ulzaf
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Why is it that the AstraZeneca vaccine has a reduced efficacy on the B1351 Corona strand?

Posted: 15 Feb 2021 04:54 AM PST

As far as I know both types of vaccines, mRNA and vector, accomplish the exact same response from the human body, producing the spike protein present on the SARS-cov-2 virus. Therefore I find it strange, that the mRNA vaccines show higher efficacy than the Vector vaccine by AstraZeneca.

submitted by /u/MOOOthePRO
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Is lithium that common in the earth's crust? and nickel?

Posted: 15 Feb 2021 04:58 AM PST

Hi I heard Elton Musk say in a podcast that lithium is one of the most common elements on earth, and that we could find it anywhere. Nickel was a little more difficult. After a brief survey he obtained the information that lithium is number 32 and nickel 23, in terms of abundance in the earth's crust. Can anyone clarify me about this? Could Elon Musk be wrong? Thanks

submitted by /u/taparuere
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Is peripheral vascular resistance different from systemic vascular resistance?

Posted: 15 Feb 2021 06:56 AM PST

In StatPearls at NCBI website, they have 2 different but connected chapters explaining each. Is there a difference between the usage of these terms?

submitted by /u/10thingsIhateAbout
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Post translational removing of methionine?

Posted: 15 Feb 2021 06:53 AM PST

The methionine codon AUG is also the most common start codon. A "Start" codon is message for a ribosome that signals the initiation of protein translation from mRNA when the AUG codon is in a Kozak consensus sequence. As a consequence, methionine is often incorporated into the N-terminal position of proteins in eukaryotes and archaea during translation, although it can be removed by post-translational modification.

I wonder is there statistics about how many percent of the proteins have their N-terminal methionine removed in all organisms and for example in human? I can infer it's like almost all?

submitted by /u/mehelek
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Presence of SRP in LUCA?

Posted: 15 Feb 2021 06:51 AM PST

Signal recognition particle (SRP) is ribonucleoprotein. Does presence of RNA and fact, that no organism evolved protein-only SRP, say that LUCA could have this ribonucleoprotein?

submitted by /u/mehelek
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In theory, could heavier metals that are either magnetic or paramagnetic (e.g. chromium, copper, iron, manganese, etc.), accumulated in the bone or tissue of a person, be affected by an MRI scan, either causing heating or movement of tissue?

Posted: 15 Feb 2021 04:38 AM PST

There seem to have been some reports of metals in tatoos possibly being affected, but what about those metals in tissues or bone, accumulated either through a lifetime of diet or by toxic exposure.

submitted by /u/etherified
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How did early human discovered the uses of fire, and How do they make a fire at the first place? People said that early human made a fire from striking flint with a minerals called "Pyrite", but how did they know that striking those things would make a fire?

Posted: 14 Feb 2021 10:13 AM PST

How are public/private cryptographic key pairs actually generated?

Posted: 14 Feb 2021 12:45 PM PST

Everything I read seems to always be really heavy on simple example theory and totally empty on real world implementation. Like how does my computer know what massive primes to use? How does it even know they are prime? If there is a list of primes to use then aren't there tables that would easily break public keys?

submitted by /u/ItsDijital
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Why are the target northern and southern latitudes for a Mars sample return mission not equal?

Posted: 14 Feb 2021 10:30 AM PST

Proposed landing sites for MSR missions appear to target a latitude range of -5 degrees to 25 degrees. Why wouldn't these two values be equal and opposite?

Sources for clarification-

https://www.lpi.usra.edu/planetary_news/2014/04/04/scientists-favor-four-exomars-landing-sites/

https://mepag.jpl.nasa.gov/meeting/2011-06/P3_GRANT_Landing_Sitesv3.pdf

Page 9: -14.9 degrees stresses southern latitude limit

submitted by /u/a_bar_named_puzzles
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How do aerospace engineers protect the solar shield and fragile components on the JWST from tiny meteoroids?

Posted: 14 Feb 2021 03:13 PM PST

Moderna vs Pfizer/Biontech BNT162b1 vs BNT162b2?

Posted: 14 Feb 2021 02:39 PM PST

There are people that says that the Moderna vaccine should work as well as Pfizer/Biontech because they uses the same spike. Do anyone know how much difference there are between Moderna and BNT162b2 compared to between BNT162b1 and BNT162b2? What was the problem with BNT162b1 that made it fail before phase 3?

submitted by /u/johnnydues
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mRNA vaccines work by introducing an mRNA sequence which is coded for a disease specific antigen. Is it possible to introduce an mRNA sequence that directly codes for the antibody?

Posted: 14 Feb 2021 10:54 AM PST

How did theropods support their weight on two legs?

Posted: 14 Feb 2021 03:50 AM PST

There are a lot of incredibly large theropods like T-Rex, giganotosaurus, spinosaurus, etc. which seem to exceed large animals like elephants in weight, even though elephants are quadrupedal. I'd like to know how the leg bones of theropods were able to support the weight of these animals on two legs. I have read that hollow bones, as seen in birds and theropods, are supposed to be very strong, but I've also read that large animals like elephants and sauropods have almost entirely solid leg bones to support their weight.

submitted by /u/HorrendousHexapod
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Why is Flash photography not allowed in museums?

Posted: 14 Feb 2021 04:49 AM PST

Tagging physics but it might be chemistry.

What's the story about the flash that damaged the old things? Or is it more a social thing so that everyone gets the same experience?

submitted by /u/PepSakdoek
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