If SARS-Cov-2 is an RNA virus, why does the published genome show thymine, and not uracil? |
- If SARS-Cov-2 is an RNA virus, why does the published genome show thymine, and not uracil?
- If there is only one virus that causes COVID-19, how can there be so many competing vaccines in the works? Were there multiple possible vaccines for Polio and other viruses as well?
- Where does the capsule of a benign tumor come from?
- Why does the James Webb Space Telescope need its sunshield?
- What are exosomes? What, if any, relationship do they have with viruses?
- The white stuff from pimples - is it always existing underneath the surface and when a pimple grows it pulls from some reservoir? Or is the white stuff something that only exists when a pimple comes up?
- Are immunoglobulins against CoVid-19 a possible treatment for the disease?
- Does an invasive species eventually reach an equilibrium with its new environment?
- How do scientists develop vaccines to avoid ADE?
- How do adult stem cells know when to stop dividing?
- How do we know with the serology antibody test that the igM and igG are produced because of COVID-19 and not other viral infection ?
- What causes the peltier effect?
- How does a virus like herpes simplex stay in your body for life, even if your body seems to have successfully fought off an outbreak?
- How does TCA (Krebs Cycle) become depleted?
- How do the Andes Mountains affect Chile's vegetation and climate in the North and South?
- How do we know that photons are massless?
- How many Xylems end Phloems are there in a tree on average?
- Can liquid oxygen be combusted?
- How do scientists determine r values for infectious diseases?
- Did people expect there to be no gravity in space, or did it come as a surprise during the first space mission?
- Is there a direct relationship between star type (e.g., G2, K6) and energy output? (And is that its bolometric magnitude?)
- How will the Corona virus vaccine work?
| If SARS-Cov-2 is an RNA virus, why does the published genome show thymine, and not uracil? Posted: 12 Apr 2020 06:09 PM PDT Link to published genome here. First 60 bases are attaaaggtt tataccttcc caggtaacaa accaaccaac tttcgatctc ttgtagatct. [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 12 Apr 2020 02:00 PM PDT |
| Where does the capsule of a benign tumor come from? Posted: 13 Apr 2020 07:49 AM PDT Hello everyone, I'm in a patho class and while reading a chapter on neoplasms I didn't understand where a neoplasms capsule originates from. Our book specifically states that: "Benign tumors usually consist of differentiated cells that reproduce at a higher than normal rate. The benign tumor is often encapsulated and expands but does not spread." (Gould B., Dyer, R. Pathophysiology for the health professionals) However, the text never elaborates where the capsule originates; my instructor also didn't know the answer. A google search led me to ScienceDirect, where the article states that a neoplasm's capsule is "primarily the product of the elaboration of tumor stroma. In addition, the tumor capsule may derive in part from the fibrous debris resulting from necrotic cell death of tissue cells adjacent to the neoplasm." The answer seems relatively clear cut, when there is abnormal growth nearby necrosis creates a capsule around said growth. Cool, so is the rate and pattern the primary contributing factors for a benign tumor to be encapsulated? TLDR: I'm dumb and can't read, why are benign tumors encapsulated?? [link] [comments]  |
| Why does the James Webb Space Telescope need its sunshield? Posted: 13 Apr 2020 07:30 AM PDT So I was looking at some images of the JWST and I wondered why it needed that sunshield. I mean, since the telescope will sit at the L2 lagrangian point, it will be impossible for the sun to reach it. [link] [comments]  |
| What are exosomes? What, if any, relationship do they have with viruses? Posted: 13 Apr 2020 01:39 AM PDT This is my first time asking a question here, so I hope I'm following all the rules. This is related to covid-19, but isn't really about it. I've recently become aware of exosomes through some videos being pushed by 'alternative' media sources. These videos make dubious claims beyond the scope of this question but the featured 'experts' claim that viruses, specifically SARS-CoV-2 are 'just exosomes'. I get the impression that this is wildly inaccurate but I don't understand the topic enough to be sure. What I would like to know is: What exactly are exosomes? What function do they perform? What if any similarities are there viruses and exosomes? Thank you. [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 13 Apr 2020 01:38 AM PDT |
| Are immunoglobulins against CoVid-19 a possible treatment for the disease? Posted: 13 Apr 2020 03:29 AM PDT Researchers in Pakistan from DOW University of Health Sciences have successfully extracted plasma from patients who have recovered from CoVid-19, which contains immunoglobulins (antibodies) against the virus and are claiming this is a cure for the disease as they can inject them into healthy citizens and inoculate them against the disease. Would this method of vaccination work? [link] [comments]  |
| Does an invasive species eventually reach an equilibrium with its new environment? Posted: 13 Apr 2020 12:48 AM PDT I always hear people demanding open season on pigs and pythons, and while I agree with them, in the back of my head I can't help but wonder if we're underestimating the resiliance of nature. Multiple species that are currently established in ecosystems were at one point invasive, right? [link] [comments]  |
| How do scientists develop vaccines to avoid ADE? Posted: 13 Apr 2020 02:46 AM PDT Hi everyone :-) [link] [comments]  |
| How do adult stem cells know when to stop dividing? Posted: 13 Apr 2020 12:43 AM PDT So let's say for a moment that you, say, got a scratch and a cut. Tissue is lost, and you bleed. Later on, blood clots, and the bleeding stops. Over time, a scab forms, and then falls off. And then as time passes, its as if nothing happened there, except for a small piece of scar tissue. So adult stem cells divide and form to make new cells to replace the ones lost? How do they know that a certain location 'needs' more stem cells? Why don't majority of wounds either have a depression or a bump on them due to too few or too many cells being created? How do they know? Why are red and white blood cells usually in a range of number, instead of all over the place when bone marrows produce too much or too little? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 13 Apr 2020 12:41 AM PDT Basically i read everywhere that the serology test would show us if the infection is present in the body if igM antibodies are present or if we are immune to it or at least went pass it if igG antibodies are present. However how does the test show that these antibodies are because of COVID-19 and not a response to other viral infection ? [link] [comments]  |
| What causes the peltier effect? Posted: 12 Apr 2020 07:12 PM PDT I know that this question has been asked a few times on this sub, but none of them really had a clear answer. I think I understand how the seebeck effect works: When two dissimilar metals (metal A and metal B, where A is more conductive) are connected in a circuit and metal A is heated, the electrons become excited and some of them leave the metal into the circuit. They go into the circuit rather than metal B, because metal B has lower conductivity than the circuit. The lack of electrons in metal A, and the higher conductivity causes electrons from metal B to go into metal A, and the original electrons from metal A loop back into metal B, completing the loop. The peltier effect is supposed to be the opposite, that running a current through metal A and B causes heat at one end, and cooling at the other. How exactly does this occur? Why does switching the direction of the current switch the peltier effect? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 12 Apr 2020 03:55 PM PDT Originally posted elsewhere, but was removed because apparently it's referring to a current event. [link] [comments]  |
| How does TCA (Krebs Cycle) become depleted? Posted: 12 Apr 2020 10:23 PM PDT I learned of anaplerosis - the replenishment of depleted metabolic cycles (usually referring to TCA.) That got me wondering how does it gets depleted in the first place? [link] [comments]  |
| How do the Andes Mountains affect Chile's vegetation and climate in the North and South? Posted: 12 Apr 2020 06:49 PM PDT From my understanding, ocean winds rise as they brush against large mountain ranges leading to condensation while air falls as it rolls down the other side. The windward side of the mountain thus gains more rain than the leeward side, creating the effect where one side has considerably more tree coverage than the other. This effect can be seen in places such as the Pacific Northwest and the India-Nepal-Tibet borders in the Himalayas. Southern Chile seems to follow this pattern, with the Chilean side being more green than the Argentina side, but Northern Chile is the opposite (or at least from the satellite view on Google Maps). Can someone explain why this is the case? [link] [comments]  |
| How do we know that photons are massless? Posted: 12 Apr 2020 06:18 PM PDT |
| How many Xylems end Phloems are there in a tree on average? Posted: 12 Apr 2020 09:37 PM PDT I've tried googling it and can't find any answers but I was curious. If there is even a vague answer like "hundreds" or "thousands" that would help heaps anyway. Thanks! [link] [comments]  |
| Can liquid oxygen be combusted? Posted: 12 Apr 2020 01:52 PM PDT |
| How do scientists determine r values for infectious diseases? Posted: 12 Apr 2020 03:13 PM PDT It seems like the r value should vary wildly depending on the environment and population the disease is spreading in, so what does it mean to say the Influenza has an r value of 3 or covid has an r value of 4? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 12 Apr 2020 08:11 AM PDT |
| Posted: 12 Apr 2020 11:06 AM PDT In looking at the Wikipedia article on stellar classification, I gather that the "Main-sequence luminosity (bolometric)" column of the table in the "Harvard spectral classification" is getting at this, but I'm not sure. Plus, I'm not sure how this works within the star types. So if that's saying that G-type stars range from 0.6–1.5 of the energy output of our sun, does that mean that a G0 would likely have 1.5x the energy output and a G9 has 0.6x? [link] [comments]  |
| How will the Corona virus vaccine work? Posted: 13 Apr 2020 12:29 AM PDT I'm not sure if this has been asked before but how will the Covid-19 vaccine work? I saw news article a while ago about people getting infected even after recovering from said disease. I know that(correct me if I'm wrong) a vaccine works by injecting a weaker version of the virus into the body so the body can make antibodies but what if the disease can reinfect the people who recovered? [link] [comments]  |
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