What's the point of retroviruses having a reverse transcriptase to turn RNA into DNA instead of simply having DNA? | AskScience Blog

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Tuesday, October 31, 2017

What's the point of retroviruses having a reverse transcriptase to turn RNA into DNA instead of simply having DNA?

What's the point of retroviruses having a reverse transcriptase to turn RNA into DNA instead of simply having DNA?


What's the point of retroviruses having a reverse transcriptase to turn RNA into DNA instead of simply having DNA?

Posted: 30 Oct 2017 12:25 PM PDT

Wouldn't it be simpler for retroviruses to have a DNA (like other types of viruses for example)instead of generating DNA from RNA trough an enzyme? What's the evolutionary advantage of having such mechanism?

submitted by /u/iron14
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When I use a counterfeit Apple charger on my iPhone it says "not supported" and won't charge. Can my iPhone actually block the power it's receiving from the charging cord? How does it do it?

Posted: 30 Oct 2017 04:56 PM PDT

So let me explain myself. My understanding is that when I plug my cellphone charging, energy is "traveling" from the electrical outlet to my phone. Apple created all these software locks to avoid people from getting counterfeit chargers; however, can a software block the physical phenomenon of charging a cellphone?

submitted by /u/LiterallySagan
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If I had a mixture of oil and water in a container, is it possible to calculate the time it takes for the two to separate?

Posted: 30 Oct 2017 12:20 PM PDT

If I had a mixture of oil and water in a container, is it possible to calculate the time it takes for the two to separate?

Thanks!

submitted by /u/mikemavz
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Is it possible to get a different combination of quarks than uud or udd? Do there have to be three quarks or could you have a combination of, say, two or four? Why/why not?

Posted: 31 Oct 2017 01:58 AM PDT

Why do some vaccines wear off over time?

Posted: 31 Oct 2017 04:27 AM PDT

If I am made from star dust, how many stars do I come from?

Posted: 31 Oct 2017 05:53 AM PDT

When you cut solid matter in half, why can't you recombine it?

Posted: 30 Oct 2017 08:07 PM PDT

For instance, If you cut a sheet of paper in half with scissors, what occurs in order for the sheet to become two distinct sheets that cannot recombine? Is there a way to recombine the paper without adhesive material?

submitted by /u/shirefriendship
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Does Ionizing radiation cause other diseases besides cancer?

Posted: 31 Oct 2017 12:58 AM PDT

If ionizing radiation causes cancer by damaging DNA and by causing genetic mutations why does it not cause other diseases that are caused by genetic mutations and DNA damage. I was wondering this because a former coworker recently finished radiation therapy of the brain.

submitted by /u/Redrobin45
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Why does metal feel colder than the ambient temperature?

Posted: 30 Oct 2017 11:09 AM PDT

Why does soap lower surface tension?

Posted: 30 Oct 2017 04:17 PM PDT

Just curious, I understand that soap is basic in general but how does that or other properties of soaps cause lower surface tension?

submitted by /u/djh816
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Is it possible for Earth to be hit by massive gravitational waves? If so, what would happen?

Posted: 31 Oct 2017 05:46 AM PDT

I've been seening stuff lately about scientists having detected gravitational waves from merging black holes. Is it possible for one of these waves to slam into Earth? And what would happen if it did?

submitted by /u/Voliminal92
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Why isn't HPV vaccine recommended for adults past a certain age?

Posted: 30 Oct 2017 07:57 PM PDT

I was recently looking over the CDC recommended immunization schedule for adults and I noticed a couple of oddities. Most notably is the HPV vaccine. Why isn't this recommended for males past age 21 and for females past age 26? Is there a biological reason that people become less susceptible as they age? On a related note, why is 1957 the cutoff birth year for MMR vaccine?

submitted by /u/EroPero
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What exactly happens between the alpha particles and the air to cause clouds to form in a cloud chamber?

Posted: 30 Oct 2017 03:55 PM PDT

I understand the basic premise of a cloud chamber - the air is supersaturated, so even the tiny alpha particles are enough to cause the clouds to form. But how exactly are the alpha particles interacting with the air? If they are travelling in straight lines, it makes it seem like they just passing through without interacting with anything.

Any clarification or deeper understanding of this neat phenomena will be greatly appreciated! :)

submitted by /u/CypressBreeze
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Why can I write a two-electron wavefunction as a product of two wavefunctions?

Posted: 30 Oct 2017 05:53 PM PDT

If I have one electron |a> and another |b>, it seems that writing the two-particle wavefunction |tp> as |tp>=|a>|b> would give me zero everywhere if the particles were far apart. Can someone tell me, or guide me, to what I'm missing? I have a feeling it's straightforward and I'm just slow but I can't figure it out.

submitted by /u/your_pyness
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Why do cellular networks have consistently strong connections with cell phones despite towers being miles away and yet Bluetooth or WiFi signals have such difficulty maintaining consistent connections with the same phone even though they are mere meters away?

Posted: 30 Oct 2017 10:50 PM PDT

How does the collision of two protons resulting in a Hydrogen-2 atom release energy if neutrons are more massive than protons?

Posted: 30 Oct 2017 08:22 PM PDT

I am talking about the first step in the proton-proton change which forms helium out of hydrogen in stars.

Before I googled the masses of protons and neutrons, I assumed protons were more massive, so that once two protons turned into a proton and a neutron, the difference in mass would be what is converted to energy.

submitted by /u/TheInternetShill
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When you heat something up it glows. Where do those emitted photons come from?

Posted: 30 Oct 2017 11:45 PM PDT

If Earth had it's trajectory changed by some gravitational force would the Moon continue orbiting Earth?

Posted: 31 Oct 2017 05:18 AM PDT

Whys is sound quality over the phone still much worse than a sound recording taken on the same phone?

Posted: 31 Oct 2017 03:34 AM PDT

With modern technology and incredibly crisp sound recording available at your fingertips, why do phone calls still sound bad?

submitted by /u/ANotoriouslyMeanBean
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How does a car calculate its average speed?

Posted: 31 Oct 2017 03:28 AM PDT

I know how an average is calculated with a fixed amount of numbers. But speed is constantly changing and keeping track of all the different speeds looks like an impossible task.

How do they do it?

submitted by /u/DoNotLookAtMyUsernam
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How does the energy required to enrich fissile material compare to the energy released in reactors and bombs?

Posted: 30 Oct 2017 10:35 AM PDT

During WW2 the Clinton Engineer Works in Oak Ridge, TN were "consuming one-seventh of all the power being produced in the nation." (pdf page 21)

That seems like a lot(!) of energy, especially spread over months. I'm curious what the energy in / energy out balance actually was both for bombs and for reactors today.

The fat man and little boy yielded 151 TJ of energy. Do we know how much energy it took to make them? Do we have a similar calculation for modern reactors?

submitted by /u/bunabhucan
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What determines the size of the strings in string theory?

Posted: 30 Oct 2017 05:19 PM PDT

We know that in this theory the strings are super miniscule. What defines their size? Can't the theory work with those strings be 1000 times bigger?

submitted by /u/hectofun
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