How exactly do DNA testing kits determine ancestry/ethnicities? | AskScience Blog

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Thursday, October 5, 2017

How exactly do DNA testing kits determine ancestry/ethnicities?

How exactly do DNA testing kits determine ancestry/ethnicities?


How exactly do DNA testing kits determine ancestry/ethnicities?

Posted: 04 Oct 2017 05:18 PM PDT

There are plenty of viral videos featuring people spitting into a tube and later getting their results. You can buy these types of tests at chain stores and pharmacies. These types of tests are even being advertised on TV! Wow! Would someone explain the science behind them? I want to know if these are accurate or if they're a hoax. Additionally, does the testing for these kits work the same way that other DNA testing works (like those used by detectives to identify a criminal)?

submitted by /u/browniebrittle44
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Can you freeze gasoline and if so for how long and can it still be used once thawed?

Posted: 04 Oct 2017 08:19 PM PDT

Will a 250 mAh power source charge a 3,000 mAh battery in 12 hours?

Posted: 04 Oct 2017 07:53 PM PDT

This may be a stupid question, but I don't know a lot about this kind of stuff and want to learn. Let's say I have a 5 volt, 250 mAh power supply... does that mean it would take about 12 hours to charge a 3.7V, 3,000 mAh lithium-ion battery? Does voltage matter with charging speed? Or does it just have to be equal or slightly higher than the voltage of the battery being charged? I believe only current affects charging speed but if I knew for sure than well... I wouldn't be here! Thank you in advance.

submitted by /u/jonnylee989
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Does distribution of mass influence gravity?

Posted: 05 Oct 2017 04:30 AM PDT

Say, for example, Earth's polar ice caps melted and redistributed the water trapped in them across the oceans, raising the average sea level by X. Would the gravitational pull at a given elevation increase compared to what it was before?

submitted by /u/macthebearded
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Does the Higgs boson count as “matter” and does it have an antimatter counterpart?

Posted: 05 Oct 2017 03:00 AM PDT

If not, how does the nature of the Higgs boson relate to the nature of matter and antimatter?

submitted by /u/Timwi
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How do LaGrange points work in Highly Elliptical Orbits?

Posted: 04 Oct 2017 12:35 PM PDT

So I'm doing research on LaGrange points and most diagrams depict a planet orbiting a star in a mostly circular manner. I'm confused as to how the points would work if the orbit happens to be more elliptical, since the distance from m1 to m2 would change

submitted by /u/MrBandit0
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Is it possible to convert heat to electricity without going through the boiling water->turbine process?

Posted: 04 Oct 2017 03:40 PM PDT

Example when a nuclear reactor heats up, can that heat be converted to electricity without water->steam->Turbine? If so how does that work?

submitted by /u/arvindg87
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How are some fish able to survive in the colder waters (ie the arctic) even though they are cold blooded?

Posted: 04 Oct 2017 03:29 PM PDT

What are these deep grooves in the Eastern Pacific Ocean's floor?

Posted: 04 Oct 2017 07:47 AM PDT

I was browsing the NOAA Global Data Viewing tool, and selected the option to view the depth of the ocean floors. When I did, I noticed these horizontal grooves in the Eastern Pacific Ocean floor.

Looking at the data, these grooves are points where the depth suddenly drops. For example, at -143.45947 Lon, 31.56494 Lat, the ocean depth is 6,127 meters. However, just a touch north, at 31.87256 Lat, the ocean depth is only 5,249 meters, around what appears to be average for the area.

Is this an error in how the data is presented? Is this just physical crinkling caused by faults? If so, which ones? Why are the grooves spaced so regularly? What's going to happen to the grooves as time goes on--is anything interesting happening down there?

Thank you in advance.

submitted by /u/Whazzits
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How does one country export usable electricity to another country? especially at great distances?

Posted: 04 Oct 2017 02:50 PM PDT

If a country has generated electricity to excess and wants to sell it what is the scientific (or technical) method that this is accomplished? Especially over oceans, mountains across different continents?

Are there any other challenges or obstacles with this task?

I would appreciate any other interesting facts about global electricity or energy trade (especially having to do with renewable sources)

submitted by /u/15MOG
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How do SpaceX's 1st stage boosters not 'choke' on incoming air during re-entry burns/landings?

Posted: 04 Oct 2017 03:29 PM PDT

This is a question I've had for a long time, but never really asked. From what I've heard, SpaceX boosters re-enter the atmosphere during landings and perform 'suicide burns' to be fuel efficient. But at least to me, that raises the question of how the engines are able to operate properly with all that high speed air ramming itself up into the engine nozzle. Are there any answers to this? Another related question would be how are the engines constantly able to draw fuel? With liquid fuel rockets, wouldn't accessing fuel during different stages of flight (up, 0g, down) represent a significant problem, especially as more and more fuel is spent? Thanks in advance!

submitted by /u/TheAero1221
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Why does putting your fingers down your throat make you gag, but eating doesn't?

Posted: 04 Oct 2017 05:11 AM PDT

Technically, do coloured solutions still have colour if no light is shone on them?

Posted: 04 Oct 2017 07:45 PM PDT

From what I understand, the colour of solutions such as copper (II) sulfate comes from electrons being excited by the light energy and then returning to a more stable state, releasing that energy in the form of visible light. If there are no photons hitting a solution of said solution, technically there would be no colour, correct?

EDIT: I think I get it now. thanks everyone! !

submitted by /u/Shadowciaw
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If a giant meteor crashed into Earth and destroyed the dinosaurs, why isn't there a crater? Has it just eroded/filled in? Or is it here, just not widely known?

Posted: 04 Oct 2017 11:50 AM PDT

For some reason, although I see a number indicating replies, I can't actually see anything! It just has the "whole lot of empty" message. Even notifications disappear from the Notifications List!

submitted by /u/Sweet_Taurus0728
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Do raccoons actually wash their food? If yes, why?

Posted: 04 Oct 2017 08:44 AM PDT

If some water droplets land on my touchscreen phone, it acts as if I touched the screen. How? Why?

Posted: 04 Oct 2017 08:31 AM PDT

How do trams switch the rail when they run on the road?

Posted: 04 Oct 2017 07:22 AM PDT

For trains, or when they run on dedicated tracks, it's really easy, but how do they switch the track when they run on the road?

submitted by /u/Thammarith
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Could we just blow up a nuclear reactor in meltdown with a nuclear bomb ?

Posted: 04 Oct 2017 02:39 PM PDT

As I was reading another Askscience comment about meltdown in fission reactors, I just thought as a joke: "why not just nuke it and be done with it".
But then I thought, outside of the craziness and unpredictability of it : If you were to detonate a nuclear bomb next to a reactor which is undergoing a meltdown, would you just spread the uranium of the reactor around (as uranium and other isotopes), or would the influx of neutron from the bomb activate the uranium and contribute to the runaway fission and "burn up" releasing more energy in the bomb reaction ?
I'm sure if it was simple it would have been tried already with Fukushima or Tchernobyl, but I would like to understand what would happen exactly.

EDIT: The "idea" would be to burn the nuclear fuel from the powerplant. You can live in Hiroshima because most of the fuel is spent in the nuclear explosion and the area was safe-ish relatively fast, while you can't live in Fukushima / Tchernobyl because the fuel degrades in many isotopes and spreads everywhere.

submitted by /u/the_geth
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