Why are snowflakes flat? |
- Why are snowflakes flat?
- What factors determine the number of photons that need to hit a telescope (per second) for the light source to be seen?
- How do physical forces, such as gravity, of two objects solve their effects on each other simultaneously?
- If gravity waves squeeze/stretch spacetime then why isn't the wavelength of the light waves in LIGO affected in the same way as the length of the detector itself?
- What does it look like when a 4D object passes through our 3rd dimension?
- Does temperature change if you go faster?
- Why do liquids form a rough sphere when there is no gravity?
- How can you prove that a mathematical problem cannot be analytically solved?
- Why is a voltage produced in an Ussing chamber when two ions are flowing in opposite directions to eachother?
- In a closed container when heat is added the pressure changes, but volume, density, and mass stay the same, how?
- What are some possible causes for lithium depletion in the universe / solar system?
- How does the production of lactase decrease over time in individuals who are lactose intolerant?
- In transistor doping, how are boron and phosphorous inserted uniformly into the large chain/sheet of silicon?
- Why do laptop chargers need the blocky bit halfway down the cord?
- Is there an interpretation of the Advection Equations for Gravitational Potential in General Relativity?
- What is the exact reason to why tokamaks doesn't generate energy?
- Realistically (but pushing "framerate" and resolution to their expected limits), what is the smallest and fastest thing we can hope to ever "see" using any kind of microscope or similar instruments ? What are the different "limitation walls" we are poised to encounter ?
- What exactly is the relativistic mechanism that gives gold and caesium their golden colour?
- What is the purpose or function of DNA laddering when apoptosis is triggered in a human cell?
- Due to its proximity to the asteroid belt, how much more likely is Mars to suffer asteroid impacts, if at all?
- Spacecraft reentry is notoriously hot. Why doesn't the nose of a rocket experience that during launch, too?
- For what kind of signal does it hold true that its autocorrelation function at point zero is equal to zero?
- Why does sound travel faster through warmer than through colder air?
- What happens physically when crossing the Termination Shock?
| Posted: 03 Dec 2016 08:49 AM PST Why do snowflakes crystalize the way they do? Wouldn't it make more sense if snowflakes were 3-D? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 04 Dec 2016 05:07 AM PST |
| Posted: 03 Dec 2016 11:11 PM PST Say we have two objects in space orbiting each other and we want to understand how each object affects the other object. We can calculate the forces at a point in time by freezing the system and using those values in whatever equation we are using. This is how a computer simulation works, with each iteration the variables are consecutively calculated based on the current system state. In reality wouldn't the forces be instantly applied to the other object? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 03 Dec 2016 08:21 PM PST I'm not going to pretend that I have an significant understanding of GR, but what I don't understand is how the interference due to length change caused by gravity works. They always say that the gravity waves change the lengths of the arms in LIGO, and since they are perpendicular, as the waves pass through the destructive interference starts to break down since the two arms change differently and they see a signal. I just don't understand why if one of the arms of LIGO contracted as a wave passed through, the light traveling through that arm would not just be effected in a similar way. Shouldn't the gravity waves be effecting everything in space the same? What subtlety about light in GR am I missing here? [link] [comments]  |
| What does it look like when a 4D object passes through our 3rd dimension? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 04:50 AM PST Just watched flatland, and found this part interesting: https://youtu.be/eyuNrm4VK2w?t=40m48s (you only have to watch like 15 secs) In that part of the movie, a 3d sphere passes through a 2 dimensional world. Are there any animations made in 3d where we could see what it looks like when a 4d object passes through our dimension? [link] [comments]  |
| Does temperature change if you go faster? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 03:34 AM PST When you go faster, time dilation increases. But when time dilation increases, molecules tend to move slower. when molecules move slower people say that the temperature has decreased. For the person that is travelling on high speed (80% of the speed of light) it's temperature is normal. But does his temperature differ for the persons that are standing still? [link] [comments]  |
| Why do liquids form a rough sphere when there is no gravity? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 09:47 PM PST Just watched a trailer for Passengers and saw the part where she was drowning in globs of water and it made me curious. [link] [comments]  |
| How can you prove that a mathematical problem cannot be analytically solved? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 04:31 PM PST For example, some models in mechanical engineering or EM modelling, or some simple equations and integrals which are always computed numerically. How can you tell that some equation is fundamentally impossible to solve/derive by other means than computation/trial and error? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 04 Dec 2016 04:45 AM PST I carried out this experiment at university the other week and I'm struggling to wrap my head around the concept. Imagine that one half-chamber contains a solution of 100mM KCl and 1mM NaCl, whilst the opposite half chamber contains a solution of 1mM KCl and 100mM NaCl. When we measured the potential difference, there was a voltage of 4.9mV. I don't understand why this happens if there are equal and opposite gradients of KCl and NaCl across the membrane, because surely the voltage should have 'cancelled out'? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 03 Dec 2016 07:16 PM PST How exactly can pressure change if density stays the same? [link] [comments]  |
| What are some possible causes for lithium depletion in the universe / solar system? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 02:55 AM PST As can be seen in this gif, the abundance of elements drops at lithium (Li), remains low at beryllium (Be), and picks up again after boron (B). I know that solar fusion in the core produces heavier and heavier elements. So one would expect the zig-zag pattern to remain while decreasing as the atomic number increases. Li, Be, and B should have higher abundances based on this. Apparently, some gravitational mechanism of stars may be behind depletion of trace amounts of Li, but not nearly enough to account for this discrepancy. A physics professor mentioned something about cosmic rays being the cause, while an online article (I forgot the source) mentioned that some yet-to-be-discovered particle physics is the cause. I don't understand how either of these could be the cause. And if there are other causes of lithium depletion, I'm curious about those as well. [link] [comments]  |
| How does the production of lactase decrease over time in individuals who are lactose intolerant? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 12:15 PM PST I know that lactase production decreases because humans used to not require lactase after they were weaned, but how exactly does the body go about downregulating this genes (LCT via MCM6 I believe)? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 03 Dec 2016 01:32 PM PST Also, how are so many transistors printed in such a short amount of time? Nowadays there are billions of transistors on a processor. But each one is a separate unit, right? How are so many printed while still all being able to function distinctly and correctly? [link] [comments]  |
| Why do laptop chargers need the blocky bit halfway down the cord? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 08:58 AM PST |
| Posted: 03 Dec 2016 02:29 PM PST I was working with the Wave Equation form of gravitational potential in General Relativity, in which the vacuum form of the Einstein field equations gives (I believe) (d/dt)2I - c2 ΔI = 0 where I represents gravitational potential. Exploring the properties of this operation, you can see that [ (d/dt)2 - c2 Δ ]I = 0 [ (d/dt)2 - c2 ∇•∇ ]I = 0 [ (d/dt) + c∇ ]•[ (d/dt) - c∇ ] = 0 (d/dt) + c∇ = 0 -or- (d/dt) - c∇ = 0 Which apparently make up the advection equations. I've never been a physics student so I'm not sure what these advection equations mean exactly. Wikipedia explains that "Advection is the transport of a substance. The properties of that substance are carried with it." Does this have meaning in GR? Is there a "substance" being transported away, as in gravitational radiation? Please excuse my ignorance - this is far from my main field of study (I'm a statistician). Edit: I'm specifically trying to understand gravitational waves and their relation to gravitational radiation. I noticed this today when I was researching the (weak field limit) Einstein Field Equations and couldn't find any further information on this topic. Edit edit: when I say "gravitational radiation" I mean the loss of mass/energy/momentum in a system through the propagation of gravitational waves. I'm trying to understand how the waves signal an inherent loss of such quantities. [link] [comments]  |
| What is the exact reason to why tokamaks doesn't generate energy? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 08:46 AM PST I couldn't find a clear answer online to this answer, so I figured I would post it here. What is the exact reason to why tokamaks (or any magnetically confined reactor) doesn't work? I know it takes a lot of energy to heat the plasma and to contain it, and that we can only do that for short periods of time. But what is the limiting factor? What step do we need to overcome to make fusion reactors produce energy? I'd be thankful if you included sources! [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 03 Dec 2016 09:41 AM PST For context, i ask this question after seeing this gif in r/chemicalreactiongifs, that piqued my curiosity. It is a video of two gold nanoparticles merging together while imaged by an electron microscope.
So, provided we improve existing technology and push it to its theoretical limits:
Thanks ! [link] [comments]  |
| What exactly is the relativistic mechanism that gives gold and caesium their golden colour? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 10:51 AM PST In heavier atoms, the inner 1s electrons have speeds such that relativistic effects cannot be ignored. How does this affect the atoms' orbitals? And why not all heavy elements display obvious bizarre properties like, for example, the golden colour? Between gold and caesium there are several elements, and I never heard of anything relativistic-related happening to their properties. Thanks in advance for your replies! [link] [comments]  |
| What is the purpose or function of DNA laddering when apoptosis is triggered in a human cell? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 12:04 PM PST In my biochemistry class we are learning about the process of apoptosis. In the intrinsic apoptosis pathway, cytochrome c is released into the cytosol from the mitochondria, along with other proteins like apoptosis inducing factor (AIF). We learned that AIF goes into the nucelus to trigger DNA laddering, but what is the actual purpose or function of the laddering? Cytochrome c is already triggering a caspase cascade to cause apoptosis. I know it is helpful for scientists to recognize whether a cell has undergone apoptosis or necrosis, but is there a physiological purpose for the laddering? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 03 Dec 2016 10:29 AM PST Due to its proximity to the asteroid belt, how much more likely is Mars to suffer asteroid impacts, if at all? What are the odds of us having to 'reseed' any possible future colony? I was watching a video of asteroid collisions, followed by one about Mars colonization, and it made me think of this. [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 03 Dec 2016 09:19 AM PST Isn't it going just as fast to reach orbit, as when returning from that orbit? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 03 Dec 2016 11:12 AM PST Hello, this is a quick little question from a test in my signals and systems class: What kind of signal is f(t) if R_f(0)=0? I thought the signal has to be f=0 due to how the math works out but apparently that's either not true or only partly true. Is it because constant signal isn't really periodic and the equation doesn't hold true for it? Anyways if its true that f=0 is the wrong answer, I suspect maybe the answer is "there is no such signal"? Thanks. [link] [comments]  |
| Why does sound travel faster through warmer than through colder air? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 10:36 AM PST |
| What happens physically when crossing the Termination Shock? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 09:36 AM PST So, at the Termination Shock, the bubble of solar wind plasma slows down, making it dense and hot. How did the Voyager 1 and 2 cope with this? How hot does it get? I may be uneducated on some crucial law of physics that clearly states how this doesn't matter, but I'm trying to wrap my head around the idea. Thank you, /r/askscience! [link] [comments]  |
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