Does this* number have a name? | AskScience Blog

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Thursday, December 29, 2016

Does this* number have a name?

Does this* number have a name?


Does this* number have a name?

Posted: 28 Dec 2016 03:44 PM PST

I would be more specific in the title, but it would be too incomprehensible and cut-short probably. It will take some explanation before I get to my question again but it's there:

I was working on a math puzzle a while back where I had to guess the next number in a series. The given series was "1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, __" and I had to guess the last number. I guessed correctly, but instead of intuitively realizing that the pattern was " x2 ", I found the answer via another method.

I found the differences between the adjacent numbers in the series, i.e. 4 - 1 = 3, 9 - 4 = 5, so on, and used those to create a new series: "3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13". I then performed the same operation on that line, finding the differences between adjacent numbers and then using those to create a new line: "2, 2, 2, 2, 2".

I thought this was interesting, because by performing this differences method twice on my given series, I was able to bottom-out/hit a ceiling at the number 2*. The number 2 was useful, because I could then work my way back down/up (depends on how you write it down, I guess) to find the next number in the series: 64.

I decided to try this again on a new, related series. I made the series "1, 8, 27, 64, 125" ( x3 ) and resolved to use the same differences method on this line. The first time yields: 7, 19, 37, 61"; the second time yields: "12, 18, 24"; the third time bottoms out at: "6, 6".

So ( x2 ) bottoms out at 2, and ( x3 ) bottoms out at 6.

I continued this with ( x4 ): "1, 16, 81, 256, 625, 1296, 2401". The differences method yields: "15, 65, 175, 369, 671, 1105"; again, and it yields: "50, 110, 194, 302, 434"; again, and it yields: "60, 84, 108, 132"; again, and it yields: "24, 24, 24".

So ( x4 ) bottoms out at 24*.

Finally, my question: Is there a name for these bedrock numbers that I've marked with the asterisks?

Additionally, I would like to know: is there reading material on the matter? Is there a more elegant way of finding the bedrock number that underlies a given exponent?

tl;dr:

2 underlies ( x2 ), 6 underlies ( x3 ), 24 underlies ( x4 ), and so on, for reasons explained above. Why?

submitted by /u/nmhnmhnmhnmh
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In the Northern Hemisphere, as we move towards the Summer Equinox, why does the sunset push out by 1 minute each day, while the sunrise only gains 1 minute every 5 days? Shouldn't they space equally?

Posted: 28 Dec 2016 07:23 AM PST

If you let a closed system of gas sit for a sufficiently long time, will all of the individual molecules eventually have the same speed or energy?

Posted: 28 Dec 2016 03:55 PM PST

Situation 1: A closed system of a pure gas - say, helium, where the same speed would generally equate to the same energy.

Situation 2: A closed system of a mixed gas - say, a sample of earth's atmosphere, where molecules would have to have either different speeds or different levels of kinetic energy.

Whether or not particles would ever end up "averaging out" their speed or energy is the gist here. Hopefully I explained this well!

submitted by /u/Waffledragons
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What is the best way to guess a random number?

Posted: 28 Dec 2016 08:32 PM PST

If there is a random number between, say 1-1000, what is the most effective way to find it? Do you keep cutting it in half? Or is it worth risking it, maybe saying 800, narrowing your guesses by either a lot or a little. Is there some sort of math to figure this out? Thanks!

submitted by /u/NotJustin_
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Where do spawning salmon go after they have finished?

Posted: 28 Dec 2016 07:54 AM PST

I have a salmon creek on my property. I watch them over about four weeks. They thin out to about one every three days then they stop coming. I know they die because they look real sick when they arrive. I don't see them wash up. And don't see them swimming back down. What am I missing?

submitted by /u/I_baccus
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How did the Earth go from a molten mass of rock to a bunch of continental plates?

Posted: 28 Dec 2016 06:43 PM PST

I've been trying to learn about how the Earth was formed, and this part in particular is really obscure whenever I try to research.

Once the crust began to cool, would it form into a solid, smooth shell of rock around the outside of the mantle? Was it already broken up into plates, or did something else cause it to fracture?

And if the crust was more uniform than it is today, how did we end up with gigantic ocean basins and steep continental shelves?

submitted by /u/phoenixwarbird2962
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Why does the panama canal need locks? Shouldn't the fact that the Pacific and Atlantic are one body of water equalize the altitude between them?

Posted: 28 Dec 2016 06:41 PM PST

How is this(image linked inside) possible?

Posted: 29 Dec 2016 12:31 AM PST

Do things that have similar scents/smells have similar chemical makeup? Or can two distinctly different things with distinctly different chemical makeups smell the same?

Posted: 28 Dec 2016 03:27 PM PST

Is there a theoretical/physical limit to how much data we can store in a given volume? For example, what is the maximum number of bits we could store in a cubic centimeter?

Posted: 28 Dec 2016 08:34 PM PST

Was just thinking about how storage has gotten smaller over the years, and how much further we can possibly compress it.

I'm assuming there must be some limit, since we obviously wouldn't be able to store an infinite amount of data in any space.

submitted by /u/websitegenius
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When it comes to processing information, are our eyes faster, ears faster, or both the same?

Posted: 28 Dec 2016 05:11 PM PST

Elaboration:

When I see an object, say a soda bottle... My eyes take in this information and my brain processes it. I see that it is a soda bottle.

When I hear a sound, perhaps a train horn... My ears take in this information and my brain processes it. I understand that it is a train horn.

Which of these processes occurs more quickly?

submitted by /u/Gotitaila
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Why are there so few neurons in the Cerebral Corex, compared to the number in the Cerebellum?

Posted: 28 Dec 2016 07:15 PM PST

I have searched for answers online but haven't found anything satisfactory.

From what I know, there are ~69 billion neurons in the Cerebellum, and ~16 billion in the Cerebral Cortex. This seems strange, considering the fact that the Cerebrum accounts for roughly 85% of brain mass. Source for my information.

Is 16 billion a rather low number in comparison or am I overthinking this?

submitted by /u/EdgarTheBrave
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If an electron is an excitement of a particular field, would an anti-electron be an excitement in the same field or its own field?

Posted: 28 Dec 2016 04:42 PM PST

The same question in regards to all fundamental particles, if an up quark is an excitement in an underlying field would an anti up quark be an excitement in the 'opposite direction' of the field or would it have it's own field?

submitted by /u/b-mish
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Why does the probability of pair production increase around a nucleus with high Z?

Posted: 28 Dec 2016 05:47 PM PST

Are there other species besides humans that have a concept of grandparents?

Posted: 28 Dec 2016 04:13 PM PST

[Psychology] Can a healthy and mentally sound adult develop Anti-Social Personality Disorder?

Posted: 28 Dec 2016 07:44 PM PST

I know that ASPD is usually considered hereditary and appears to be expressed at a very young age, but could someone in a healthy environment and in good health develop it?

submitted by /u/Lonelyfloormat
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Why can't we trigger small earthquakes to prevent larger ones?

Posted: 28 Dec 2016 06:10 PM PST

So many areas of the world are expecting large earthquakes in the next few decades. The San Francisco Bay area has a 99% chance of a Magnitude 6.7 in the next 30 years. On the other hand there are cities like Hollister which don't have earthquakes but constant ground-shift.

There are reports of fracking causing earthquakes in the mid-west. Could we use fracking technology to trigger small earthquakes to reduce pressure on major faults.

submitted by /u/DrVentureWasRight
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What is gain of function research?

Posted: 28 Dec 2016 08:53 PM PST

Edit: I want to understand what is Gain-of-Function research is and why is it banned or paused in the U.S.?

submitted by /u/SoManySparrows
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How would a particle accelerator powerful enough to recreate the temperatures/energies/densities of the "unknown" part of time just after the big bang look like?

Posted: 28 Dec 2016 09:46 AM PST

I often hear lecturers say that we need a machine with a trillion times the energy of the LHC to know more stuff about the weird time just after the big bang.

How would it look like?

How large will it be?

How long will it take to be built and how much is the cost?

submitted by /u/_Duality_
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Wouldn't large scale mining on the moon have a negative impact on Earth? Assuming large deposits of valuable minerals are found in it

Posted: 28 Dec 2016 11:21 AM PST

If the moon's gravity is related to the tides in the ocean, couldn't taking away a large portion of its mass have a significant potential impact?

submitted by /u/ProfessorWednesday
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