If a person has been depressed for a long time, is there some kind of 'damage' to their brain, and can anti-depressants reverse the damage? | AskScience Blog

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Tuesday, June 29, 2021

If a person has been depressed for a long time, is there some kind of 'damage' to their brain, and can anti-depressants reverse the damage?

If a person has been depressed for a long time, is there some kind of 'damage' to their brain, and can anti-depressants reverse the damage?


If a person has been depressed for a long time, is there some kind of 'damage' to their brain, and can anti-depressants reverse the damage?

Posted: 28 Jun 2021 06:31 PM PDT

AskScience AMA Series: I'm Dr. Miguel Reina-Campos. AMA about cancer metabolism and the immune system!

Posted: 29 Jun 2021 04:00 AM PDT

I am CRI Fellow Dr. Miguel Reina-Campos and I work on characterizing tissue-resident T cells and how they behave during infection to better understand how they might be manipulated against cancer. My research will inform why the immune system is unable to suppress cancer within the nutrition-limited tumor environment. I recently wrote a review in Nature Reviews Immunology (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41577-021-00537-8) on this growing area of research.

I will be on 1pm ET (17 UT), AMA!

Username: /u/CancerResearchInst

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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Is vaccination always recommended after infection regardless of the type of pathogen?

Posted: 29 Jun 2021 08:12 AM PDT

Is it my understanding that vaccination for COVID-19 is recommended even if you have previously tested positive for the virus. Is this also the case for other types of pathogens with (relatively) new vaccines such as chickenpox? Why or why not?

submitted by /u/SportsAndScience
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Human population just BEFORE the Toba eruption?

Posted: 29 Jun 2021 07:16 AM PDT

Hello everyone,

I have seen/heard/read dozens of articles regarding how the human population was depleted to a relatively small number (roughly 20,000) before recovering in the centuries that followed.

But WAS the estimated human population just before the eruption?

submitted by /u/GasFormer3393
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Why did the smallpox vaccine cause a scar and why don’t other vaccines leaves scars?

Posted: 28 Jun 2021 09:17 PM PDT

Will vaccines work for an Immunocompromised person? What would also happen if that person has been vaccinated?

Posted: 29 Jun 2021 03:23 AM PDT

Does a black hole experience friction drag from the matter it is travelling through?

Posted: 28 Jun 2021 09:04 PM PDT

Could we measure the age of an organism by looking at its DNA?

Posted: 28 Jun 2021 02:20 PM PDT

The ends of DNA get shaved off every time they're copied, as far as i remember. So could we measure the age of an organism by looking at its DNA? For cases where we don't have the birthday.

submitted by /u/willjum
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Why is cancer often "delayed"?

Posted: 29 Jun 2021 01:32 AM PDT

I recently watched this video and realized that cancer tends to manifest well after exposure to certain substances. This is true with many things, such as smoking, drug use, sunburns, etc. My understanding is that cancer is a mutation of cells often caused by an outside source such as chemicals or radiation. In this woman's case, shouldn't cancer have manifested shortly after exposure to burn pits? Why did it take so long, and why does this often seem to be the case regardless of the initial cause?

submitted by /u/caleb_1223
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Why is the WHO now saying that fully vaccinated people still need to wear masks because of the delta variant?

Posted: 28 Jun 2021 05:20 PM PDT

From what I recall, there's supposedly good evidence to show that you don't transmit the virus if you have been vaccinated. And that the vaccines are still very good against the Delta variant. What was it that changed?

submitted by /u/Zorseking34
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What is the relation of a mass of an animal to the combined area of the cross section of the limbs it uses for moving and does that have any relation to its speed?

Posted: 29 Jun 2021 02:05 AM PDT

How is the optimal flight altitude calculated?

Posted: 28 Jun 2021 03:09 PM PDT

Considering all the factors, lift, drag, weight, air density, etc, how is the optimal altitude calculated for minimizing fuel consumption? For example a commercial flight

submitted by /u/Moneyisanobject
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Do terrestrial plants ever poison or otherwise attack other plants?

Posted: 28 Jun 2021 12:04 PM PDT

... other than simply growing to dominate the nearby ground and sky.

submitted by /u/xaplexus
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What inputs are used for weather forecasting models during the "heat dome"?

Posted: 28 Jun 2021 07:42 AM PDT

The 24h/48h forecasts ended up being quite accurate where I live in the U.S. Pacific Northwest, and even several days out forecasts called for record-breaking temperatures. Was anything different done to generate the forecasts, such as using a different approach tailored for "heat domes", or do the standard forecasting models already have sufficient inputs so they can effectively predict the resulting temperatures even in an extreme weather event?

submitted by /u/ab0reddit
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Why does the Penrose process require mass to be given to the black hole in order to extract energy?

Posted: 28 Jun 2021 04:05 PM PDT

From what I understand, if the ergosphere provides energy much like a whirlpool, why can't you just send mass in(say a rocket) and have it leave with more energy provided by the black hole?

submitted by /u/EHProgHat
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How do psychedelic substances like lsd cause perceptual distortion?

Posted: 28 Jun 2021 03:21 AM PDT

What is the explanation for the perceptual phenomena such as 'breathing rocks' and shifting colors? (and for example why is that area affected specifically... I know other psychedelics cause purely auditory hallucinations) Do we know which layer of the visual cortex is involved? What other areas are activated / deactivated?

submitted by /u/nickoskal024
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Did grasslands exist before monocots (or angiosperms more broadly) evolved?

Posted: 28 Jun 2021 01:13 PM PDT

Grasslands represent 20-40% of the Earth's land surface and basically all plant species you encounter in a grassland are angiosperms. The only living grasslike vascular plants I know of that aren't angiosperms are Equisetum which are mostly found in marshy areas. Prior to the evolution of angiosperm grasses what plant communities (if any) would be found growing in land areas subject to seasonal drought?

submitted by /u/wTVd0
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Why does milk spoil if left out but the FDA says you can leave butter out as long as you need?

Posted: 28 Jun 2021 10:00 AM PDT

Is global warming leading to more seismic activity?

Posted: 28 Jun 2021 04:32 PM PDT

What is the amount of energy (in eV) that is required to write or flip a bit in flash memory?

Posted: 28 Jun 2021 11:55 AM PDT

I am asking about commercial flash memory cards, not anything else such as memory specifically designed for spacecraft. I think I found something on google but I am not sure if it is really what i'm looking for. It said that the energy required to write a bit is around 1.5 nanojoules, or 9.32GeV. Is that correct?

submitted by /u/OhFuckThatWasDumb
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