How do harvester ants prevent the seeds they harvest from sprouting and destroying their cache chambers? |
- How do harvester ants prevent the seeds they harvest from sprouting and destroying their cache chambers?
- If communication and travel between Earth, the Moon, and Mars (using current day technology) was as doable as it is to do today between continents, would the varying gravitational forces cause enough time dilation to be noticeable by people in some situations?
- If two telescopes far apart on earth are pointed at opposite ends of a faraway star, will the telescopes be angled towards each other since the star appears as a small point in the sky, or will they be angled away from each other since the star is larger than earth?
- How can we create maps of a galaxy/universe if we don't know the relative position of the celestial objects?
- How do scientists determine the Hubble Constant?
- Why No Live Attenuated Vaccines for COVID-19?
- How to interpret and understand risk ratios or odds ratios reported in research for diseases or medications?
- Does the C line of a Covid antigen test verify correct sampling?
- How was the time needed for the Boltzmann brain to appear in the vacuum calculated?
- Is it harder for drugs or small molecules to pass through the mitochondrial or nuclear membranes than it is for them to pass through the cell membrane or blood brain barrier?
- Did all people in medieval times have fetal alcohol syndrome to some extent?
- What are the key chemical distinctions between biodegradable and non-biodegradable plastics?
- What’s the minimum amount of exposure to generate an immune response and immunity?
- How many new stars appear in our sky? As in, how often does a star's light finally reach us and appear in our observable universe?
- Why do 1000 year old Canadian trees matter?
- Why do periodic cicadas emerge at different times from annual cicadas?
| Posted: 06 Jun 2021 01:23 PM PDT |
| Posted: 07 Jun 2021 07:19 AM PDT I imagine the constantly shifting distances between the three would already make things tricky enough, but I'm having trouble wrapping my head around how a varying "speed of time" might play a factor. I'd imagine the medium and long-term effects would be greater, assuming the differences in gravitational forces are even significant enough for anyone to notice. I hope my question makes sense, and apologies if it doesn't... I'm obviously no expert on the subject! [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 06 Jun 2021 08:04 AM PDT I think this is more a geometry question than an astronomy one. [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 06 Jun 2021 10:58 PM PDT Allow me to elaborate; when I see maps of our galaxy or the universe, they are shown to be "complete", as if we knew the relative position of all the celestial objects at a single point of time. Since light takes time to travel from distant points, we can't know for certain where a distant object B was at a point of time when closer object A was at that same point of time. The way I see it is that the map of galaxy/universe would be best represented like an animated sonar, where it begins with our solar system as the starting point (hope that makes sense). Are the maps of the galaxy/universe accounting for the relative disposition of objects by predicting where distant objects would be after x amount of time? Or are the maps "flattened", so to speak? I apologise if it's difficult to understand, I'm trying my best to articulate what I'm trying to ask, please let me know if I can clarify the question. [link] [comments]  |
| How do scientists determine the Hubble Constant? Posted: 07 Jun 2021 01:12 AM PDT Hi guys, I've been looking into papers on determining the Hubble Constant by using gravitationally lensed light. The papers show formulas behind finding the values for redshift, luminosity, time delays, etc. I was wondering why they need these values and/or how they use these values to determine the Hubble Constant when there's Hubble's Law equation that only needs recession velocity and distance? Are they simply finding redshift and other values to determine velocity and distance? Or does Hubble's Law simply not suffice when using gravitational lensing? Thanks a tonne! [link] [comments]  |
| Why No Live Attenuated Vaccines for COVID-19? Posted: 06 Jun 2021 10:03 PM PDT I thought I would post in this group because the moderators for r/coronavirus would not accept my posting. Can somebody please explain why there isn't more activity around developing a live attenuated vaccine based on the actual SARS-CoV-2 virus. There is only one such vaccine in development at this time (Codagenix) as far as I know. The way I see it live attenuated vaccines provide the closest thing to natural immunity because they use a weakened form of the same virus to create a real infection. Isn't it preferable to mimic the body's natural immune response as close as possible? Also I understand that the immune response with live attenuated vaccines is very robust, creating both mucosal and systemic antibodies and T-cell response and typically lasts for the rest of your life. (I'm not educated in the medical field so I might have some of this wrong.) I understand that all the common vaccines that everyone gets are live attenuated vaccines such as measles, mumps, rubella, polio, flu. It seems to me that a live attenuated vaccine is a sure shot to end the pandemic. So, what gives? Why is only one obscure company developing one? [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 06 Jun 2021 10:14 PM PDT Hi, I was reading about a certain medication's side effect in a research paper, and I'm having trouble understanding the ratios, like how to put them in context. What would it mean to say if Medication X increases the odds of heart attack or stroke or whatever by 2.5 (confidence interval is 2-3)? How do you decide, based on a number like that, if a patient should take the medication for the condition? Do you compare it with similar medications? To the chances of person dying of the disease without the medication? Or is the number itself determine whether the patient should not take a medicine (e.g., anything above 2?) Is this a precise kind of decision making (comparing one number against another) or just kind of general judgment based on clinical experience? [link] [comments]  |
| Does the C line of a Covid antigen test verify correct sampling? Posted: 06 Jun 2021 11:44 PM PDT In Austria it is meanwhile possible to submit Antigen tests for entering restaurants by photo with a QR code to verify that a test stripe hasn't been reused. But for such tests to be really meaningful, they'd need to verify that the sample was taken correctly – otherwise it invites issues with invalid results. So... What does the C(ontrol) line of antigen tests verify? Does it confirm that the testing liquid contains meaningful sample material (tissue)? Or does it just verify contact with the testing solution? The latter case would be open for false-negative results during self tests. [link] [comments]  |
| How was the time needed for the Boltzmann brain to appear in the vacuum calculated? Posted: 06 Jun 2021 01:03 PM PDT I was wondering if there is a formula that allows as to calculate the time needed for any object to appear if we know it's mass. [link] [comments]  |
| Posted: 06 Jun 2021 07:13 PM PDT |
| Did all people in medieval times have fetal alcohol syndrome to some extent? Posted: 06 Jun 2021 04:07 AM PDT In the last 50 years, science discovered that alcohol consumed by pregnant women, sometimes as little as one glass of wine, can alter the development of the brain and body of an embryo and lead to a fetal alcohol syndrome. However, in medieval times in Europe, the water was so dirty that the people often had to drink (diluted) beer and other alcoholic beverages, including pregnant women in lack of better knowledge (and better water!). Even though the beer was much less potent than nowadays, i believe a constant consumption of alcohol must lead to the FAS, at least to some extent. However, I've found nothing about this topic. So my question is: did a large portion of the population in this time have FAS? If so, how might the cognitive problems that come with this syndrome have influenced the society as a whole, when such a large portion of the population had it (this second question is purely speculative)? [link] [comments]  |
| What are the key chemical distinctions between biodegradable and non-biodegradable plastics? Posted: 06 Jun 2021 04:41 AM PDT I was wondering what makes a plastic biodegradable right down to the core of its chemical properties. Is it some kind of special bond of polymers or something like that. Thanks! [link] [comments]  |
| What’s the minimum amount of exposure to generate an immune response and immunity? Posted: 06 Jun 2021 03:11 PM PDT |
| Posted: 06 Jun 2021 07:38 AM PDT Asking google this question gives me answers to "born each year." [link] [comments]  |
| Why do 1000 year old Canadian trees matter? Posted: 06 Jun 2021 09:31 PM PDT I've been seeing a lot of information on the news lately about 1,000-year-old trees getting cut down in Canada. Can you please provide a scientific explanation for why 1,000-year-old trees help the environment or the existence of humanity in a greater way than, say a 50-year-old tree? Just to be clear - My post is not suggesting that the trees don't matter. I'm simply looking for a scientific explanation for why they do matter. [link] [comments]  |
| Why do periodic cicadas emerge at different times from annual cicadas? Posted: 05 Jun 2021 07:49 PM PDT Hi! With all the news on the emerging periodic cicadas, I was wondering why there seems to be a lag between them and the annual cicadas? I'm on the Eastern shore of MD and we missed out on the periodic cicadas, and the annual cicadas have yet to emerge yet. Is there a reason why? Is it so they don't cross mingle together when doing the bug love? Is it predator evasion? [link] [comments]  |
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