If hand sanitizer kills 99.99% of germs, then won't the surviving 0.01% make hand sanitizer resistant strains? | AskScience Blog

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Sunday, May 30, 2021

If hand sanitizer kills 99.99% of germs, then won't the surviving 0.01% make hand sanitizer resistant strains?

If hand sanitizer kills 99.99% of germs, then won't the surviving 0.01% make hand sanitizer resistant strains?


If hand sanitizer kills 99.99% of germs, then won't the surviving 0.01% make hand sanitizer resistant strains?

Posted: 29 May 2021 06:50 AM PDT

Does food that's got 'heat' but isn't from the genus capsicum (ie chillies), such as pepper, wasabi, ginger, mustard, etc have capsaicin in it or some other chemical that gives it 'heat'?

Posted: 30 May 2021 03:20 AM PDT

Wind-powered vehicle moving directly downwind faster than wind?

Posted: 29 May 2021 08:25 PM PDT

Veritasium recently released a video about a wind-powered land vehicle that is capable of moving directly downwind faster than the speed of wind.

The video was well made and the results were pretty clear cut, the vehicle could move downwind faster than the wind. It's an interesting video, and I generally trust Veritasium to be a reliable source of information, but something seemed off in his attempt to explain the mechanics behind this machine.

He first makes references to sailboats being capable of moving faster than the wind by moving at an angle rather than downwind and taking advantage of lift. However in his attempt to translate that to the vehicle he brings up the idea that the props are actually a fan, which when spun by gearing and the wheels in turn slows down the air behind the fan blades thus speeding up the vehicle.

This seems counterintuitive to me, as the rolling wheels which are moving the vehicle forward is also driving the fan; this leaves no apparent cause for the rolling of the wheels in the first place.

Is the cause and effect being reversed? But in that case how is it moving downwind faster? Any other possible explanations?

Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jyQwgBAaBag

submitted by /u/chetanaik
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How is a galaxy formed?

Posted: 30 May 2021 03:04 AM PDT

How exactly does energy convert and transfer from one form/location to another?

Posted: 30 May 2021 02:34 AM PDT

What exactly is the mechanism behind converting one form of energy into another, or transfering energy form one thing/location to another? By this question, I mean:

  • What cause energy conversion and transfering?
  • Is there a list of steps that every energy conversion process follows?
  • Is there an "intermediate" form of energy (or so) that every energy conversion process has to go through? Is is heat?

I can't seem to find or come up with any reasonable cause and mechanism behind this. However, when I searched it up on Google, I've seen plenty of results involves heat and thermal energy, which is interesting. Why is heat brought up in thermodynamics and energy-related topics so frequently? Is thermal energy one form of potential energy or a mix of kinetic-potential energy, or something completely different? What's so unique about it?

I hope to see your answers on this. Even assumptions or any documents are very, very much appreciated. Thank you!

submitted by /u/terror_ducks_coming
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Why does rabies primarily effect placental mammals?

Posted: 29 May 2021 01:06 PM PDT

Why is rabies so rare in marsupials and monotremes? For example, Australia has no native placental mammals which aren't either bats or primarily aquatic. They have most marsupials and monotremes. Rabies is not native there. Australia does have a virus very similar to rabies among its bat species, but it only is spread by bats and does not infect marsupials or monotremes.

Opposums can get rabies but very rarely do, even when injected in labs.

So why does it mostly infect placental mammals?

submitted by /u/Mysterious-Plastic55
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Blisters are generally filled with fluid. Is this fluid also produced by open wounds? If not, why?

Posted: 29 May 2021 02:51 PM PDT

When would you clean with, say, vinegar or borax instead of dish soap or bleach or alcohol?

Posted: 29 May 2021 04:29 AM PDT

What are the properties of common solvents used to clean things, and what about them makes one better or worse at certain jobs than another?

submitted by /u/Balfus
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Can silicon from old cpus and gpus be recycled and reused to manufacture the newer ones?

Posted: 29 May 2021 07:09 AM PDT

How can you electrolyse water if it’s a covalent compound even though electrolysis only works on ionic compounds?

Posted: 29 May 2021 08:31 AM PDT

Why do maps of the Universe always appear as ovals instead of spheres?

Posted: 28 May 2021 10:27 PM PDT

If the Universe began as a singularity, and after the Big Bang the Universe expanded in all directions at same velocity, wouldn't that make the Universe a sphere?

submitted by /u/Apollo_T_Yorp
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Does getting blood taken after Covid-19 vaccine reduce antibodies?

Posted: 29 May 2021 08:06 AM PDT

Hi fellow redditors,

I got Covid back in January 2021, and have been fully vaccinated with the Pfizer vaccine since March. Recently I got routine blood work taken (8 tubes) and since then have been curious to know if getting blood taken after getting vaccinated reduce Covid antibodies in the body? I'm not worried just want to learn more about the science.

submitted by /u/emnunez
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Can y’all settle a bet about exothermic reactions between me and my GF?

Posted: 28 May 2021 08:56 PM PDT

Context: We were eating dinner at a sushi restaurant and the sake came out way too hot. I placed the bottom of the hot cup of sake into a cup of ice water to cool it off.

At this point she points at it and comments that what I was doing is an example of an exothermic reaction.

I disputed this by saying the transfer of heat that melts the ice is a phase change but not an exothermic reaction because heat is being transferred but not being created by a reaction.

Who is right? We have $100 riding on this.

submitted by /u/HopsAndHemp
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The R0 value of a disease is the 'average' number of additional infected per case. Have any studies been done to see how common each number of new cases is?

Posted: 29 May 2021 10:15 AM PDT

For example, some flu might have 30% of cases spread it to nobody, 25% spread to one other, 15% to two, etc. Maybe even something on the prevalence of super spreaders and their effects. I'm picturing a line graph that shows how many people had x number of cases.

submitted by /u/Ghosttwo
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