If each day is only 23h56m4s, over the course of 4 years, we accumulate 95.7 hours of unaccounted time when approximating each day to 24 hours. We give ourselves one extra day in February, which accounts for only 24 hours of that extra time, but where does that extra 71.7 hours go? | AskScience Blog

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Friday, May 19, 2017

If each day is only 23h56m4s, over the course of 4 years, we accumulate 95.7 hours of unaccounted time when approximating each day to 24 hours. We give ourselves one extra day in February, which accounts for only 24 hours of that extra time, but where does that extra 71.7 hours go?

If each day is only 23h56m4s, over the course of 4 years, we accumulate 95.7 hours of unaccounted time when approximating each day to 24 hours. We give ourselves one extra day in February, which accounts for only 24 hours of that extra time, but where does that extra 71.7 hours go?


If each day is only 23h56m4s, over the course of 4 years, we accumulate 95.7 hours of unaccounted time when approximating each day to 24 hours. We give ourselves one extra day in February, which accounts for only 24 hours of that extra time, but where does that extra 71.7 hours go?

Posted: 19 May 2017 07:01 AM PDT

This also means that our calendar should shift over 3 days every 4 years, changing the "location" of the seasons in our man made calendar

submitted by /u/fornoggg
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Why are the physical electromagnetic fields only the real part of E and B?

Posted: 19 May 2017 02:16 AM PDT

This says that the physical fields are only the real part of E and B, but this is not obvious to me.

Since

eix = cos(x) + i sin(x)

We get an imaginary part of the fields in the picture, but somehow these aren't actually a part of the fields, or how should i interpret i?

submitted by /u/Physix_R_Cool
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Is the earth still cooling from its formation? If so, does that mean eventually all tectonic activity will cease and our liquid mantle will solidify?

Posted: 18 May 2017 08:01 AM PDT

What's the max signal frequency on a DSL wire?

Posted: 19 May 2017 03:44 AM PDT

Edit: OK, I'll try to rephrase, because the DSL apparently has complex techniques for multiplexing & reducing echo & transmission errors..

Let's assume the simplest case, an analogue signal carrying a digital signal in a wire. What's the minimum frequency of the analogue signal that can carry a bandwidth of x Kbps?


Original question: So the telco is saying that my copper wire can provide up to about 35Mbps of DSL connection speed. Does this mean that the carrier signal in the wire is at 35MHz, a little higher, or double of that? Why?

submitted by /u/KRBT
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What is the cause of diffusion and osmosis? How does it work?

Posted: 19 May 2017 05:13 AM PDT

I know the general gist of how diffusion/osmosis works, I just don't know why it works like it works.

submitted by /u/PersonalComputerG
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How do dogs make ATP?

Posted: 19 May 2017 07:10 AM PDT

Every being needs energy. Animals cells make ATP from sugar and oxygen. So where do dogs (and other meat eaters) get sugar from if they eat exceedingly meat.

submitted by /u/LeonardoM011
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Why is silver chloride so insoluble?

Posted: 19 May 2017 04:02 AM PDT

My guess is that the sizes of the silver and chloride ions are just right so the crystal is very stable and thermodynamically favoured over free ions?

submitted by /u/nicktohzyu
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What causes you to remember dreams?

Posted: 18 May 2017 07:20 PM PDT

Having a conversation with the boyfriend just before, we both dont remember alot of our dreams, However almost every night this week both of us have have had weird dreams that we remember the next day, Very unusual for us. Is it something we have eaten? Lack of sleep? Too much sleep? Chemicals in the body that are being produced? Please shed some light on this, this is weird and unusual, im spending half of my day trying to wrap my head around weird ass dreams!

submitted by /u/zoeysheree1993
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Since everything with mass has a gravitational pull, does this mean that Pluto has a pull on me currently?

Posted: 18 May 2017 07:12 PM PDT

To be more specific, I know everything that has mass has a gravitational pull, even atoms. I wanted to know, regardless of how small, if extremely far away planets/stars have an effect on us? It got me thinking that if time is infinite, will everything with mass, every atom, and every quark eventually come together as one big mass in space?

submitted by /u/smallwhales
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How much man-made space debris is there?

Posted: 18 May 2017 03:44 PM PDT

Pictures I see on the internet show space debris covering most of the surface. Obviously, the actual debris isn't that large or we'd be seeing it in the sky everyday. So, how much is actually there? What happens to it? How do we avoid the debris hitting spacecraft?

submitted by /u/Impatient_Nerd
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If electrons are so much smaller than than protons and neutrons, why can't we easily see atom nuclei with an electron microscope?

Posted: 19 May 2017 04:48 AM PDT

What happens with perspective in relation to a reflection in a mirror?

Posted: 19 May 2017 04:29 AM PDT

What I mean by this is the vantage point at the mirror or where you are standing? For example, when you are standing in front of a large hill and there are mountains in the background you can still see the mountains if you are far enough away from the hill, but if you get too close to the hill the mountain will disappear. If you stand just outside range of seeing the mountain and put a mirror (hypothetically tall enough) where you should be able to see the mountain if you were standing, would you see the mountain top or not? [http://imgur.com/a/sqFeR](Pictures of the scenarios I am trying to explain)

submitted by /u/Ilovechinesefood69
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At what point are planets considered to have "cleared the neighbourhood"?

Posted: 19 May 2017 03:22 AM PDT

The Jupiter is a planet, but it still gets hit by comets, which have regular orbits of their own. Saturn's ring is unstable enough that there may even be a new satellite forming out of the mass. Very slowly, but the Moon's orbit is slowly changing and away from the Earth. And then there are the occasional asteroid impacts. So what makes the term "clearing the neighbourhood" important in deciding if a body is a planet?

submitted by /u/seasaltandpepper
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If black dwarfs did exist, wouldn't they blend in with the cosmic background radiation, cooling off to this temperature?

Posted: 18 May 2017 09:16 PM PDT

Is there interpretation of quantum mechanics that violates principle of realism?

Posted: 18 May 2017 02:58 PM PDT

Quantum mechanics violates principle of local realism[1]. So far, we cannot really say whether QM violates only locality or realism or both. My understanding is, that it depends on interpretation of QM - e.g. Bohmian mechanics is nonlocal but doesn't violate principle of realism (if I am mistaken here, please correct me). My question therefore is whether there exists any specific interpretation of QM where we can say that it violates principle of realism (not necessarily only principle of realism)?

Also, it seems to me that various authors treat principle of locality and principle of realism differently, meaning that they are using different definitions of these two concepts. I believe that Bell defined what he meant by principle of locality in [2] - I believe he meant principle of locality in the sense of local causality (though I am not absolutely certain by it, so if anybody can correct me in this I would appreciate it). I also believe that principle of realism are basically hidden variables, am I correct?

[1] - pdf link to Bell's paper: "On the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox"

[2] - pdf link to Bell's paper: "The Theory of Local Beables"

submitted by /u/Enfili
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Is the photon really massless?

Posted: 18 May 2017 02:35 PM PDT

When photons enter a medium they couple to phonons and acquire an effective mass. In vaccum however they move at c and are massless. But according to QFT the vacuum is also somewhat like a medium, so can photons in a vacuum really be considered massless or should we think of them having an effective mass as well? I know that there are fundamental principles behind the concept of a maximum speed of information exchange and that electromagnetic waves in a vacuum travel at that speed, but is that actually the end of the story?

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If the only thing keeping an electron in the lowest orbital from crashing into the nucleus is the quantization of energy, how can electron capture occur? Does the electron just go through a series of quantum jumps to the nucleus?

Posted: 18 May 2017 11:21 AM PDT

Is it possible for an element with zero protons and zero electrons to exist/have existed?

Posted: 19 May 2017 12:44 AM PDT

Similar to the element zero on the Mass Effect games. Is it possible for an element like that to exist and if so, how would it interact with other atoms and molecules?

submitted by /u/Davideroni
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Can an isotope have a negative number of neutrons?

Posted: 18 May 2017 08:40 PM PDT

proton = upQuark + upQuark + downQuark

neutron = downQuark + downQuark + upQuark

A nucleus can be described by its number of upQuarks and downQuarks, if their positions are a blur. On the other hand, many videos show protons and neutrons as nonoverlapping balls, which I take to mean vibrations that attract and repel at various distances. Can a neutron and proton in the same nucleus swap positions?

submitted by /u/BenRayfield
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Does pilot wave theory work with experimental results of (delayed choice) quantum erasers?

Posted: 18 May 2017 02:17 PM PDT

I've recently stumbled upon the 'dead but not dead' theory of pilot wave theory in QM. Allthough I did hear that apparently relativity doesn't work well with this theory, I wondered if the theory is consistent with measurement results of (delayed choice) quantum erasers. (I put delayed choice between parentheses because that specific experiment might be considered separately). I'm not too deep into QM, I followed courses on nanoelectronics and I have some experience with Schrodinger equations but in general, my math in QM is not up to speed. I'd like to hear the answer with the least amount of concessions as possible. So if complicated math is needed, feel free to. I'll just dive into it and see what I can learn.

submitted by /u/TunnelFET
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How do animals that camouflage really well find mates?

Posted: 18 May 2017 03:10 PM PDT

The same defense mechanisms which hide them from their predator/prey could also work against them and hide them from potential mates. This could also be very bad for the genetic pool if these animals can only breed with the immediate group they hang out with, right?

submitted by /u/_rb
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How does "polishing out" scratches work on a molecular level?

Posted: 18 May 2017 12:33 PM PDT

Hey today I read an article that said that you can try to polish out small scratches in gold. As gold is quite soft that makes at least some sense however I wondered how that works on a molecular level (u can be precise I am a physicist myself). It also stated that it is somewhat even possible with glas, does anyone know if that is true?

Cheers

submitted by /u/lschozar
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