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Sunday, April 19, 2020

Is it a myth or a fact that dogs can "sniff" cancer?

Is it a myth or a fact that dogs can "sniff" cancer?

Is it a myth or a fact that dogs can "sniff" cancer?

Posted: 19 Apr 2020 04:05 AM PDT

Ive heard of it a long time ago, that dogs are able to detect/sniff/smell cancer but never knew whether that is true or if so where it originated from. Does anybody know? Im personally no expert with animals and biology but I doubt that dogs have the ability to do that.

submitted by /u/white0302
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If metals are such good conductors of heat, how does my cast-iron pan's handle stay relatively cool when the pan is heated?

Posted: 18 Apr 2020 09:04 AM PDT

Does the temperature of a fluid affect its flow rate?

Posted: 19 Apr 2020 06:24 AM PDT

Assume you have two containers containing two identical fluids at different temperatures, you puncture a hole in both of them, same size and place, will the colder fluid flow out slower than the hotter one or will they flow out at the same rate?

submitted by /u/DRIZZYLMG
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How well do we know the solar system's orbital parameters around the galactic center? Could the solar system be following a somewhat eccentric orbit?

Posted: 19 Apr 2020 04:18 AM PDT

If we do know the orbital parameters -- what are they? Is it a simple elliptical orbit or do gravitational interactions along the way make it significantly deviate from a simple Kepler orbit? If it is a simple Kepler orbit what are the parameters? Apoapsis, periapsis, inclination, etc.

I'm geniunely curious. I googled for it for about 20 minutes and it seems to me like all we really sort-of-know is our speed relative to the galactic center, and from that we are assuming the orbit is roughly circular -- but we do not know more than than that (and we don't even know our own speed with great precision).

Is that a fair summary?

submitted by /u/Void__Pointer
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Can people develop immunity to viruses after picking up the inactive virus from a surface?

Posted: 18 Apr 2020 05:38 PM PDT

If someone with a cold or other virus touches a shopping trolley and then I pick up that virus three days later when it has become inactive, would my immune system react to it? Why does the immune system react to dead viruses from a vaccine?

submitted by /u/intayou
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Does Hydrogen gas make good fuel for Hybrid rocket engines?

Posted: 18 Apr 2020 06:36 PM PDT

Why does the length of immunity vary between different viruses?

Posted: 18 Apr 2020 05:17 PM PDT

How does Fermilab run neutrino experiments with interference from the sun?

Posted: 18 Apr 2020 09:35 PM PDT

There's a PBS Space Time video describing a neutrino detection experiment at Fermilab. During the video they describe making a beam that shoots 10 trillion neutrinos per second into a detector: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zw2TYNY3F8U&t=3m58s

However, I've read that trillions of neutrinos per second already pass through your that came from the sun: https://icecube.wisc.edu/news/view/546

How are the neutrinos from space not drowning out the neutrinos from the beam?

submitted by /u/ZeusTKP
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Why is titration with weak acid and weak base rarely used as a method to determine the pKa value?

Posted: 19 Apr 2020 03:32 AM PDT

As the title states, and what are the disadvantages of it?

submitted by /u/agg14
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Can plasma be generated inside a container with a gas that has relatively low ionization energy inside, through electromagnetic induction?

Posted: 19 Apr 2020 03:11 AM PDT

If a coil with very high current running through it was wrapped around a closed tube with argon or hydrogen inside, would it generate a plasma inside the tube?

submitted by /u/chapo-shrimp
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Why do shrimp curl and become pinkish when cooked?

Posted: 19 Apr 2020 02:59 AM PDT

How can you see satellites at night?

Posted: 18 Apr 2020 09:47 PM PDT

I'm sitting in my back yard and wondering what light satellites reflect to us at night.

submitted by /u/seegie
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What's the plan if a lithium ion batteries catches fire on an airplane?

Posted: 18 Apr 2020 06:33 AM PDT

A lot of the regulations require you to take your batteries on as a carry-on instead of checking them. That begs the question, do they have some kind of containment box to isolate the battery from the plane? Obviously they would try to land the plane as soon as possible but are there other procedures?

submitted by /u/MoltenManganese
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Why does a microwave oven induce dielectric heating while our various telecommunication technologies don't?

Posted: 18 Apr 2020 01:52 PM PDT

I hope I asked that right. In other words, why don't birds get cooked by radio towers?

submitted by /u/overyunder
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What is R-parity of a particle?

Posted: 18 Apr 2020 05:27 AM PDT

Isn't it related to weather a particle will decay or not and it's "spin"?

submitted by /u/tjs247
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Do antibody test detect memory B cells after active anti bodies have subsided?

Posted: 18 Apr 2020 12:21 PM PDT

From what I understand, antibodies are only present in the body during the infection (and remain in the body for about 2 weeks post infection). After the infection (or virus) has been defeated the anti bodies leave and memory B cells take their place.

So how do antibody tests work? Wouldn't they be effectively ineffective after the antibodies leave? Or are they able to detect the presence of memory B cells?

I'm specifically thinking of how the COVID-19 antibody test would work to identify folks who have had it in the past.

Cheers in advance folks

submitted by /u/nbf98
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How does the pupil get bigger and smaller?

Posted: 17 Apr 2020 10:40 PM PDT

Are the edges of it being covered by the iris? If so, where does the iris go when the pupils need to widen?

submitted by /u/Firecycle
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vào lúc No comments:

Saturday, April 18, 2020

Is there a science about knots and what gives them their strength?

Is there a science about knots and what gives them their strength?

Is there a science about knots and what gives them their strength?

Posted: 17 Apr 2020 06:14 PM PDT

Can antibodies be cloned for mass distribution?

Posted: 17 Apr 2020 04:42 PM PDT

With vaccines taking so long to develop, I was wondering if it is possible to take antibodies from someone who had an illness (like covid 19) early and mass produce them through cloning for distribution to the rest of the unprotected public?

submitted by /u/Patch1897
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[Biochem] Is it possible to skip the regulation step in glycolysis by going through the pentose phosphate pathway?

Posted: 17 Apr 2020 07:09 PM PDT

Two intermediates in the pentose phosphate pathway are glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate and they are also intermediates in glycolysis.

Isn't it possible for them to skip the regulatory enzyme phosphofructokinase-I by going through the pentose pathway instead?

In that way can't we just infinitely create the products we want without regulation?

submitted by /u/ArdentReaderOfJoy
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How does an octopus change color to match their surrounding?

Posted: 17 Apr 2020 08:50 PM PDT

Why does wood ash contain traces of heavy metals?

Posted: 17 Apr 2020 05:26 PM PDT

I have been looking into using wood ash from biomass incinerators to adjust soil pH in my field. I have learned that wood ash can contain trace heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, nickel and chromium. Where do these heavy metals come from if it is just wood being burned?

submitted by /u/sheepfarmer22
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Is there some sort of evidence that the present "common cold" human coronaviruses were once just as bad as SARS-cov-2 is now, or worse, like SARS-cov or MERS?

Posted: 17 Apr 2020 05:56 PM PDT

If that was likely the case, how come they got to the level of severity they presently have? Almost certainly, natural selection, either against the more vulnerable humans, or against the more lethal strains, or both to different degrees. Can we infer if one or another was much more significant than the other?

Did it vary much for each different coronavirus?

submitted by /u/inconvenientdoubt
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What is the most stable structure of Si2O2?

Posted: 17 Apr 2020 06:06 PM PDT

I've seen research papers that suggest the existence of Si2O2. However, I'm struggling to wrap my head around what it would look like. What is the most stable structure with a net chemical formula of Si2O2?

submitted by /u/thr0waway055
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Why is there so much implantation bleeding for such a small blastocyst?

Posted: 17 Apr 2020 05:37 PM PDT

Implantation bleeding happens when the blastocyst lodges on to the uterine wall right? But at that time it's only a few cells big right? Microscopic.

So why is there so much spotting? You'd think at the size of the blastocyst any bleeding from it lodging itself into the uterine wall would be microscopic too, or maybe the size of a pin head if the bleeding was especially servere. But from what I've seen both internet wise and from friends there are more than a few drops of blood and it can last hours to a few days.

Is something else also going on? I suppose my understanding is that the blastocyst just finds a comfy spot and latches on.

submitted by /u/PatronofMadness
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how much information on internal anatomy can we get from non-skeletal fossils?

Posted: 17 Apr 2020 02:55 PM PDT

for reference, i mean a fossil such as the one in this reddit post.

submitted by /u/BartlettMagic
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If you're looking at an object that is in water from directly above (say via drone), will that object look bigger in water than it really is?

Posted: 17 Apr 2020 05:55 AM PDT

I'm not sure how refractive index is in play here but let's say there are two objects in the water, let's say two swimmers and now if you measure their distance from above (via drone) it looks like they're 1 metre apart.

Now are (a) the objects looking bigger under water? And thus (b) are the objects further apart than from looking from above into the water (i.e. via a drone)? If so, by what % would they look bigger/smaller/or same?

Thank you!

submitted by /u/Schumacher7WDC
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What is the greatest increase in size within a short period of time of an animal?

Posted: 17 Apr 2020 10:25 AM PDT

How does NASA calculate the orbits for missions between Earth and Mars?

Posted: 16 Apr 2020 08:20 PM PDT

As per this subreddit's rules, a cursory google search shows that I should be able to calculate the answer with Kepler's 3rd Law, where the period squared is equal to the semi-major axis cubed. but while this may work on paper, in practice none of the actual Mars missions have followed the theoretical values.

Every tutorial I find online assumes that Earth and Mars are in circular concentric orbits (which they aren't) and that the probes themselves travel exactly 180 degrees from one side of the sun to the other (which they don't).

Math time: Earth's semi-major axis is 1 AU, Mars' semi-major axis s 1.523679 AU. This means the Mars probe's semi-major axis is 1.2618395 AU. Applying Kepler's 3rd Law gives us a period of 1.417445 years. 180 degrees is half an orbit, so every Mars mission should take 0.708722 years (259 days), but the real world values vary wildly; the shortest mission took 131 days (Mariner 7), and the longest took 334 (Mars Polar Lander)

The distance between Earth and Mars is not uniform, so how do space agencies calculate the launch windows? How do they know exactly when to launch and how long it will take for their probes to reach Mars? How do they account for the eccentric orbits? Is there a more complex formula than Kepler's 3rd Law?

I feel like I'm asking too much at once. I apologize if my train of thought has gone off the rails. Let me know if this question doesn't make any sense. I can supply visual aids to help explain what I'm talking about if necessary; I've been trying to figure this out myself for months.

submitted by /u/HombeDeFlorida
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vào lúc No comments:

Friday, April 17, 2020

AskScience AMA Series: When my wife, Toby, diagnosed our infant son with type 1 diabetes 20 years ago, our lives changed forever: We devoted ourselves to his care and I began to imagine a bionic pancreas. AMA.

AskScience AMA Series: When my wife, Toby, diagnosed our infant son with type 1 diabetes 20 years ago, our lives changed forever: We devoted ourselves to his care and I began to imagine a bionic pancreas. AMA.

AskScience AMA Series: When my wife, Toby, diagnosed our infant son with type 1 diabetes 20 years ago, our lives changed forever: We devoted ourselves to his care and I began to imagine a bionic pancreas. AMA.

Posted: 17 Apr 2020 04:00 AM PDT

I'm Ed Damiano, and for nearly 20 years I've been developing bionic pancreas technology to automate blood-sugar control.

When my infant son, David, was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, my wife and I learned quickly how hard it was to get insulin dosing right in managing his blood-sugar levels, especially in such a small child. I began to imagine a wearable bionic pancreas that would automatically manage his blood-sugar levels without our intervention or his, when he grew up and became responsible for his own care.

Inspired by David's diagnosis, I began developing, testing, and refining bionic pancreas technology. My students, postdocs, and I began conducting experiments at Boston University testing an early version of the device running on a laptop computer in 2005. Together with our clinical collaborators at the Massachusetts General Hospital, we progressed to in-patient trials in adults and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in 2008. Between 2013 and 2018, my team at BU and our clinical collaborators conducted over a dozen outpatient and home-use clinical trials in adults and children with type 1 diabetes, testing various mobile versions of our bionic pancreas technology, which was developed and refined in my lab at BU.

In 2015, I co-founded Beta Bionics®, Inc., a Massachusetts Public Benefit Corporation that is committed to the singular mission of commercializing a bionic pancreas for people with diabetes and other disorders of blood sugar regulation. Beta Bionics licensed the bionic pancreas technology from BU in 2015. Since then, Beta Bionics has developed a purpose-built, fully integrated, wearable, closed-loop device - referred to as the iLet® bionic pancreas - that is designed to automate blood glucose control in people with type 1 diabetes. Over the past two years, the iLet® bionic pancreas has been tested in several home-use clinical trials in adults and children with type 1 diabetes. 440 adults and children with type 1 diabetes are currently being screened for enrollment into a phase 3 clinical trial testing the iLet bionic pancreas at 16 clinical sites across the US. The clinical data from this study will support a market application for the iLet bionic pancreas to the US FDA.

My story is featured in the new PBS documentary "Blood Sugar Rising," which premiered Wednesday night. You can stream the film on pbs.org or on the PBS Video App on your Smart TV. http://pbs.org/bloodsugarrising

Proof: https://twitter.com/novapbs/status/1251132578683289601
Here's a short video from the documentary, about my story: https://youtu.be/1j6rmx0De7A

Because "Blood Sugar Rising" is partnering with PBS series NOVA for outreach around the film, I'll be posting under NOVA's account: u/novapbs. I am looking forward to answering your questions about my family, my work, and about the latest medical technology being created to address the diabetes epidemic in America. I'll be answering your questions beginning at noon EDT on Friday, April 17.

NOTE: The information in this AMA is for informational and educational purposes only. Please note that I am not a medical doctor or health care provider, licensed or otherwise. Please consult with your health care provider when seeking medical advice or considering treatment.

Caution: the iLet® bionic pancreas is an investigational device, limited by federal (or United States) law to investigational use. As a work in progress, the iLet bionic pancreas is not available for sale within the United States or elsewhere.

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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What’s special about hypersonic speeds?

Posted: 16 Apr 2020 10:42 AM PDT

I understand that characteristics of airflow change when it becomes super sonic (Mach 1), but what is special about specifically 5 times that speed? Is it just that just a human label or is there a physical phenomenon at Mach 5?

submitted by /u/SamTasy
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What do we know of the post-infection effects of Covid-19?

Posted: 17 Apr 2020 04:52 AM PDT

I had (suspected) covid-19 at the beginning of March however at the time the UK were only testing people who had been to China/Italy or had been exposed to a confirmed case. I wasn't severe, however had a horrible cough for the duration and a very tight chest towards the end. I was just about ready to return to work when my institution was shut down.

I've found that my lungs are still very tight when exercising (like that of an asthmatic) despite no history of this. Is there any evidence for lasting effects?

submitted by /u/RichardsonM24
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Small pox was eliminated years ago, but does it or can it still be possible that it is somewhere in nature waiting to make a return?

Posted: 16 Apr 2020 02:49 PM PDT

How do devices with batteries measure how much battery power they have left?

Posted: 17 Apr 2020 02:05 AM PDT

Can someone verify or correct me on this nuclear fusion concept?

Posted: 17 Apr 2020 05:36 AM PDT

I read it in a book years ago, and just saw a post on Fusion on this subreddit which said something different, so I'm just seeking verification on this.

I read that even with incredible temperatures and pressures required for fusion, the reason fusion occurs here is not due to the overcoming of repulsive forces.

Instead, I read that by increasing the amount of collisions by vast amounts due to high temperature and pressure, quantum tunnelling happens at a rate which allow nuclear fusion to take place even with no overcoming of repulsive forces.

Can somebody verify one way or the other?

submitted by /u/Mattobox
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Does the Earth's magnetic core emit electromagnetic waves as it rotates?

Posted: 16 Apr 2020 09:42 AM PDT

Pretty much the title - changing magnetic fields cause electromagnetic waves to be emitted. The Earth, obviously, has a magnetic field, and if I remember correctly the magnetic field does vary from place to place on the Earth's surface. So, the rotation of the Earth on its axis should cause fluctuations in the magnetic field and emit radiation - right? It's been a while since I've done anything with induction.

If the Earth did emit such radiation, would it all be contained by the Earth's atmosphere and ionosphere, or would it be able to go into space? Would it be really longwave, more than any radio wave we use?

submitted by /u/JCWalrus
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Is steric repulsion due to the Pauli exclusion principle?

Posted: 17 Apr 2020 05:09 AM PDT

I learnt a long while ago about the Lennard-Jones potential which has an attractive part due to van der Waals interactions and a repulsive part due to the Pauli exclusion principle when the charge distributions of atoms start to overlap. Now I'm taking a chemistry course and learning about nanoparticle interactions and there's pretty much the same behavior as the atoms I've learnt about before, except for some details concerning the size of nanoparticles and ligands etc. And then this thing that's supposedly the reason nanoparticles can't "touch", called the steric repulsion. According to the lecturer this is impossible to do quantum mechanical calculations on, but I'm still wondering; is steric repulsion due to the Pauli exclusion principle in some way?

submitted by /u/juliedactyl
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As per the Newton-Laplace equation, speed of sound is indirectly varied with density. What does that signify on a molecular level, why is it so?

Posted: 17 Apr 2020 03:51 AM PDT

It seems counterintuitive to me, since molecules would have to travel lesser distance before transferring energy to other molecules in a denser medium. And a LOT of people do use this logic on online forums, but it clearly contradicts the formula itself!

submitted by /u/blehblehbleh00
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Could the earth be as young as 100 million years old (radiometric dating)?

Posted: 16 Apr 2020 07:54 PM PDT

Recently, I was discussing evolution with my dad (who has a PhD in Geology) which led to the topics of radiometric dating.

My understanding is the Earth is 4.5 billion years old, give or take 50 million. I recently learned that the earliest fossil evidence on Earth is bacteria records from 3.5 billion years ago. I also believe these numbers are pretty accurate because radiometric dating is pretty accurate, at least based on my basic reading of the research on it.

This is his understanding of those points:

  1. The Earth's age could be "any age older than 100 million years old."
  2. The earliest fossil records are algae and these are 1 billion years old (if the radiometric dating is to be believe to be that precise). He also mentioned that people often claim they've found some random earlier fossil record but none of it is widely accepted by the geological community. And more specifically, that bacteria (which I thought was the earliest fossil record) can't even fossilize.
  3. Finally, that radiometric dating has too much uncertainty too it (which is why the Earth's age could be as low as 100 million rather than 4.5B). Specifically, the uncertainty lies in the fact that if radiometric dating says the Earth is 4.5B, how can we even know that the radioactive decay stays constant throughout? How can we know precisely that the some of the half-lifes get on the order of hundred of millions years old? In essence, there are far too many geological events and uncertainty to assume what we measure in the present day and in human time scales to be constant going back the history of the Earth.

What are your thoughts and understandings of those points? I'm an engineer and not at all a geological expert but I thought my understanding of those points were widely accepted.

Am I right or wrong? And right or wrong, can you suggest any reading material, resources, etc. to take a deeper dive into this stuff and hopefully convince my dad, if I happen to be correct?

submitted by /u/BLlMBLAMTHEALlEN
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The Governor of Louisiana said the antibody test for coronavirus can show results for the common cold coronavirus— can some explain how the test for positive Coronavirus (Covid19) making sure it is not just a common cold?

Posted: 16 Apr 2020 01:53 PM PDT

How are any tests done if sick with Covid19 or if after recovery of Covid19 if the Coronavirus antibody test is not able to be exclusive to an exact match to specifically Covid19?

Governor speaks of antibodies at approximately at 41:00

https://www.c-span.org/video/?471259-1/louisiana-governor-edwards-coronavirus-news-conference

submitted by /u/NoPupMills
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What happened to the energy released from all the matter/anti-matter annihilation events in the early universe?

Posted: 16 Apr 2020 07:33 AM PDT

We know there is a discrepancy in the amount of matter and anti-matter in the universe and believe that the vast majority of both that were created in the big bang annihilated each other, leaving the matter we see now. We don't know why matter dominated, but that's not my question. All those annihilation events would have released enormous amounts of energy. Where did it all go?

​

It's not the CMB is it? That is the energy of the big bang itself. I would imagine the energy released by 99% of the original matter/anti-matter created being annihilated would be almost as large as the CMB itself. Where is it?

submitted by /u/pmc100
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Are there any inhabited islands in the North Pacific?

Posted: 16 Apr 2020 02:38 PM PDT

I always hear about islands in the South Pacific and how they are tropical paradise destinations. But between Hawaii and Canada are there any islands that small populations live on? Any islands even?

submitted by /u/Da_b_guy
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Do all vertebrates have Blood-brain barrier (BBB)?

Posted: 16 Apr 2020 06:48 AM PDT

If not, please tell me about its revolutionary necessity.

submitted by /u/UseAirName
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How does my infrared TV remote still work when I'm pointing it in the opposite direction?

Posted: 16 Apr 2020 10:31 AM PDT

I'm currently pointing my remote in the opposite direction in a very well lit room, there is no direct line of sight from the LED to the sensor, yet the tv is picking up the button presses without issue. There are no mirrors or anything massively reflective. What's happening?

submitted by /u/Havoc_Ryder
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If tree leaves have chlorophyll in them, why are some leaves coloured red or yellow?

Posted: 16 Apr 2020 04:11 AM PDT
vào lúc No comments:

Thursday, April 16, 2020

Can other animals be allergic to us?

Can other animals be allergic to us?

Can other animals be allergic to us?

Posted: 15 Apr 2020 06:39 PM PDT

We all know that people can be allergic to cats and dogs but is the opposite true? Can our pets be allergic us? If so, is this just in mammals or across all/most species?

submitted by /u/KatzDeli
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AskScience AMA Series: Hello, we are Dr Kate Woodthorpe and Dr Hannah Rumble from the Centre for Death and Society at the University of Bath. We're here to talk about death, bereavement and funerals during the global Covid-19 pandemic. Please ask us anything!

Posted: 16 Apr 2020 04:00 AM PDT

Hello Reddit, I'm Dr Kate Woodthorpe from the Centre for Death and Society at the University of Bath. I've been working on funeral practices, costs, bereavement, place of death, attitudes to death and the disposal of bodies via cremation and burial for nearly 20 years. I'm here to talk about any of these, and more, in relation to the current global Covid-19 pandemic.

Hello Reddit, I'm Dr Hannah Rumble from the Centre for Death and Society at the University of Bath. I've been researching funeral practices and attitudes to death and the disposal of corpses via (direct) cremation and (natural) burial for 14 years. I'm here to talk about any of these and more, in relation to the current global Covid-19 pandemic. My qualitative research has mostly been conducted in Britain, but as a social anthropologist by training I am interested in cross cultural comparative practices and values also.

We will be on at 7pm (GMT+1) [2 PM ET, 16 UT], ask us anything!

Usernames: UniversityofBath

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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If elemental particles such as the Higgs boson have such a small lifetime, how do they exist in the first place and are not all already gone?

Posted: 16 Apr 2020 05:19 AM PDT

Can a black hole swallow another black hole?

Posted: 15 Apr 2020 06:40 PM PDT

Today in a safety training I got told that arc flashes are as hot as the sun. Is this true?

Posted: 15 Apr 2020 06:43 PM PDT

Geologically, why was there just the one continent, Pangea?

Posted: 16 Apr 2020 01:13 AM PDT

It seems unlikely that there was just one large continent. How did this come about, geologically?

submitted by /u/RegularHovercraft
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Could an atomic nucleus be donut shaped?

Posted: 15 Apr 2020 11:16 PM PDT

I read a tiny bit about atomic nuclei, and saw that radium atoms nuclei were pear shaped, and not like others spherical or rugby ball shaped, so are other shapes possible too? Would something like that be more stable at high atomic numbers?

submitted by /u/kipz0r
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How do the vitamin and mineral compositions of vegetables stay so consistent, despite such varied growing conditions?

Posted: 16 Apr 2020 01:47 AM PDT

As far as I've read, a sweet potato/yam grown in Peru and a sweet potato/yam grown in Japan will have relatively consistent nutritional profiles. How is this possible in light of terroir and talk of how some soils are more fertile than others?

To pick a specific mineral: sweet potatoes contain calcium, a chemical element that can't be synthesised by a plant. Is there roughly the same amount of calcium in all soils? What happens after 1, 2, 5, 10 years, when the vegetables are consistently being harvested and replanted? Does that deplete the calcium? How does it get replenished?

submitted by /u/floppy_eardrum
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Can someone who understands earthquakes explain this to me?

Posted: 16 Apr 2020 07:18 AM PDT

My area had a 5.7 earthquake a month ago and then the aftershocks died down and they left my mind and then out of nowhere on Tuesday a 4.2 aftershock hits and now today there's another 4.2 aftershock?? I'm so confused. This is my first earthquake.

submitted by /u/Assloadof12
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How are viruses kept alive and bred to study them and experiment on them? Especially if they have very specific hosts... and those hosts can only be humans?

Posted: 15 Apr 2020 09:25 PM PDT

I can imagine keeping a type of bacteria almost indefinitely alive, in more or less "concentrated" state, by feeding it sterilized nutrients and isolating it from contamination. But don't viruses feed on other organisms' cells, and are very choosy regarding which organisms they can parasitically infect (without mutating)? And die without having found such a host? (Of course, specific example would be SARS-CoV2 which ostensibly needs human tissue to survive.)

How can you keep and breed "colonies" of a very specific virus alive in a scientific setting to have it on hand to study it and experiment with it? Do you find fresh infected specimens every time you need it?

What about rare and almost "extinct" (i. e. rarely encountered) viruses such as Yersinia pestis, studied for years in "plague centers"? Do they store their specimens somehow; repeatedly infect test animals; or study them in "bursts" when found?

Or do they simply "feed them flesh" from suitable hosts (humans or animals) every day?

submitted by /u/AyeBraine
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Are all the individual stars we see in the milky way?

Posted: 16 Apr 2020 04:57 AM PDT

Where can one find equations/mathematical description of a non imagining Fresnel lens?

Posted: 15 Apr 2020 01:42 PM PDT

Why do quantum processors require WAY more cooling vs conventional computing?

Posted: 15 Apr 2020 08:58 PM PDT

Conventional computing can even work with passive or little active cooling (very cheap). But quantum processors require literally thousands or even millions of dollars worth of cooling equipment. Does Quantum process's superposition of both 0 and 1 really increase the heat output THAT much? (like 1000x?)

submitted by /u/angrycommie
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How does chickenpox continue to survive?

Posted: 15 Apr 2020 11:21 AM PDT

Everyone I know has had chickenpox when they were young, how does it continue to infect new hosts? Who are the vectors?

submitted by /u/Awdrgyjilpnj
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If quarks are point-like particles and also probability waves, how are scientists able to differentiate between protons and neutrons or able to add/remove protons or neutrons from the nucleus? Wouldn't the atomic nucleus be a probability-blur of up/down quarks, gluons, and (maybe) mesons?

Posted: 15 Apr 2020 09:36 AM PDT

Is it possible for someone to lose their ability to sleep?

Posted: 15 Apr 2020 12:10 PM PDT

If so, how can this occur, and how is the condition treated?

submitted by /u/4w350m3guY
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How does a virion assemble itself so perfectly in an infected cell?

Posted: 15 Apr 2020 08:15 PM PDT

Why are some trisomies lethal and some are not?

Posted: 15 Apr 2020 07:43 AM PDT

What does COVID 19 RNA detected on a test mean?

Posted: 15 Apr 2020 03:14 AM PDT

Hey guys. I hope this is okay for the forum, but I have a question about my COVID 19 results. The first line of my results says "Not Detected - COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) not detected by rRT-PCR. Presumptive Positive - COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA detected by rRT-PCR." What exactly does this mean? What is the difference between having COVID-19 and having COVID-19 RNA?

submitted by /u/Sandyblanders
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Could we find a way to destroy viruses by damaging/altering their DNA/RNA?

Posted: 15 Apr 2020 02:24 PM PDT

Could we instruct viruses to self destruct or sabotage their machinery to inhibit growth? They use RNA/DNA to instruct the host cell to produce their proteins and replicate , so could we in a way "do the same", but to our advantage?

submitted by /u/IrateOmnimaniac
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In almost every nature documentary about venomous snakes/spiders there is a part about how "even though the snake/spider kills X people every year, his venom may be used to develop new drugs". Is there any well known drug developed from snake/spider venom?

Posted: 15 Apr 2020 01:03 AM PDT
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