I saw a picture of a single atom. What is in the "empty" space between the camera and the atom?

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• I saw a picture of a single atom. What is in the "empty" space between the camera and the atom?
• Do people have varying levels of Ph in their stomach acids? If so, how large of a difference is there? Thank you
• Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science
• Once a freshwater body of water begins to freeze, assuming it is below freezing, does it freeze at a constant rate until all water is frozen or does it plateau and require colder temperatures for ice to continue to grow thicker?
• What is your body doing when you're panting after an all-out sprint?
• Why do fabrics get darker when water is poured on them?
• When is the next major volcanic eruption expected to happen?
• Why does water not make a good lubricant?
• What is the difference between torque and moment?
• Do lymph nodes on either side of the body protect that section or is it just an all over system?
• Have any studies been done on the mental impact of removal of the intestines?
• How does the water supply stay sterile after leaving the treatment plant?
• How (and to what degree) are researchers able to reconstruct changes in a particular species' range over time, especially during the past few centuries (as opposed to prehistoric timeframes)?
• What is the logic behind the derivation of the standard deviation and what does the standard deviation mean?
• What is the significance of herquline molecules in cancer research?
• Do animals understand the changing of the seasons?
• Why do you have memory loss when you get a concussion?
• What are the current realistic theories/explanations for the Bootes Void?
• Does the gradual movement of the Magnetic North Pole alter climate in any way?
• Mathematically, do quantum computers handle infinity differently than classical computers?
• How is epilepsy “triggered” by certain things?
• Why do tires deflate with cold air despite the temperature outside of the tire dropping as well?

I saw a picture of a single atom. What is in the "empty" space between the camera and the atom? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 08:02 PM PST submitted by /u/a_l_existence [link] [comments]

Do people have varying levels of Ph in their stomach acids? If so, how large of a difference is there? Thank you Posted: 06 Feb 2019 04:42 AM PST submitted by /u/bullerick [link] [comments]

Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science Posted: 06 Feb 2019 07:11 AM PST Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...". Asking Questions: Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions. The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists. Answering Questions: Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience. If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here. Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here. Ask away! submitted by /u/AutoModerator [link] [comments]

Once a freshwater body of water begins to freeze, assuming it is below freezing, does it freeze at a constant rate until all water is frozen or does it plateau and require colder temperatures for ice to continue to grow thicker? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 09:18 PM PST submitted by /u/IguanaSushi [link] [comments]

What is your body doing when you're panting after an all-out sprint? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 08:22 PM PST Basically I am curious why anaerobic efforts require so much oxygen (even after you stop doing them). submitted by /u/improbable_humanoid [link] [comments]

Why do fabrics get darker when water is poured on them? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 07:19 PM PST submitted by /u/dieandlive [link] [comments]

When is the next major volcanic eruption expected to happen? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 09:34 PM PST submitted by /u/Songbird420 [link] [comments]

Why does water not make a good lubricant? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 05:04 PM PST submitted by /u/ammonite89 [link] [comments]

What is the difference between torque and moment? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 07:19 PM PST Based on the equation and googling I could postulate that the main difference is that torque has a perspective of the angle the object actually rotated (hence the sine theta) but couldn't be certain. submitted by /u/Angelr91 [link] [comments]

Do lymph nodes on either side of the body protect that section or is it just an all over system? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 07:40 PM PST Would right sided problems cause that side to be larger and vice versa or do both sides work in unison. submitted by /u/A_Creepy_Snail [link] [comments]

Have any studies been done on the mental impact of removal of the intestines? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 07:48 AM PST Specifically the large, though I'd be interested in learning about the mental effects of having bits of the small removed too. This isn't about depression caused by having major life-changing surgery, I'm specifically curious about the impact the lack of a gut biome has on your mood. The gut is often called a 'second brain' and I've heard it said that it majorly affects your mood and state of mind. How does your state of mind fare without a gut? submitted by /u/beleaguered_penguin [link] [comments]

How does the water supply stay sterile after leaving the treatment plant? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 03:22 PM PST Over time wouldn't the pipes supplying my water build up bacteria inside the pipes? how does the water supply, after it's left the treatment center, stay sterile and clean for consumption? i live in a city where there's no apparent issue with drinking water from the tap but if i don't filter my drinking water, am i inadvertently consuming tons of bacteria by drinking it straight from the tap? Understanding when i wash my hands/take a shower i'm shedding dirt and debris, my drain can get pretty gnarly after a few weeks of not cleaning it, so it makes me sick thinking when the last time the pipe coming to my faucet was cleaned, if ever. submitted by /u/Stuff1989 [link] [comments]

How (and to what degree) are researchers able to reconstruct changes in a particular species' range over time, especially during the past few centuries (as opposed to prehistoric timeframes)? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 05:44 PM PST It seems to me like this would quickly become interdisciplinary, drawing insight from geography, genetics, ecology, and even written records. Is there a name for this kind of work (historical biogeography)? Is there accessible data out there for those who are interested in understanding these changes in their local regions? submitted by /u/Shirebourn [link] [comments]

What is the logic behind the derivation of the standard deviation and what does the standard deviation mean? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 02:51 PM PST I understand what the standard deviation is, and how the standard deviation can be calculated, but I'm lost as to how it could have possibly been derived in the first place. It makes sense to me that you can't use the average of the differences from the mean of data points because the sum of the differences equals to zero. And I get that you have to square root the square for the units to have any meaning. But who came up with the idea of the squaring the differences in the first place, and does the standard deviation mean "The average difference between a datapoint and the mean of the datapoints"? submitted by /u/Bldyknuckles [link] [comments]

What is the significance of herquline molecules in cancer research? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 03:03 PM PST One of the head research labs at my University just published a journal stating that they synthesized Herquline and different conformations of it. What is the significance of this molecule? ​ Is the molecule important in and of itself, or does researching this specific molecule help us understand a bigger picture? submitted by /u/whitest_asian [link] [comments]

Do animals understand the changing of the seasons? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 03:03 PM PST I understand that cats and dogs understand routines, but when summer gives way to winter, and they poke their nose outside and see endless snow and feel the bitter cold where warm sun and grass once was, do they get what's going on or does this confuse them until they get used to it and it justbecomes normal until the next change? submitted by /u/ancienterevil [link] [comments]

Why do you have memory loss when you get a concussion? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 12:11 PM PST My mom fell and hit her head earlier, and she can't remember anything from earlier in the day. submitted by /u/Abolton12 [link] [comments]

What are the current realistic theories/explanations for the Bootes Void? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 01:08 PM PST submitted by /u/BarnOfTheShire [link] [comments]

Does the gradual movement of the Magnetic North Pole alter climate in any way? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 07:52 AM PST submitted by /u/EndoftheRogue [link] [comments]

Mathematically, do quantum computers handle infinity differently than classical computers? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 07:54 PM PST submitted by /u/midnightflamex [link] [comments]

How is epilepsy “triggered” by certain things? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 10:38 AM PST submitted by /u/knl147190 [link] [comments]

Why do tires deflate with cold air despite the temperature outside of the tire dropping as well? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 09:20 AM PST This is something that has always confused me. I understand that temperature is, in simpler terms, the rate at which molecules hit off of one another, which would mean that in turn at a lower temperature the molecules would be moving less which means that there would be less molecules colliding with the inside of the tire per unit of time. This means less pressure. However, the tire is not a isolated system. There is the atmospheric pressure that is what is pushing on the outside of the tire as well. If the temperature changes the same both inside and outside of the tire, shouldn't the decrease in the number of molecules inside and outside of the tire make the change in pressure the same on both sides equaling a net zero change in tire pressure? Plz send help. submitted by /u/Sgt_CoCopuffs [link] [comments]

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Are we just “lucky” that Magnetic North is very close to True North, or is there something more behind the reason?

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• Are we just “lucky” that Magnetic North is very close to True North, or is there something more behind the reason?
• Why doesn’t the LHC use an extra electric field to curve its beams instead of relying on magnets and the Lorentz force? Wouldn’t it be possible to have another electric field coming from the “sides”?
• How is it that voltage lags current in a capacitive AC circuit?
• What direction do hurricanes spin in the equator?
• Can any theoretical physicist help me understand what Ed Witten's "hat and ball" diagram is all about in this String Theory lecture?
• With a powerful telescope, is it possible to see the 'outline' of certain stars? Or are they all simply too far away for them to appear as anything else other than a point of light no matter the magnification?
• Is there a “Goldilocks Zone” on a galactic scale?
• Being that neutrinos are so hard to detect, how can we make accurate estimates about how many are produced?
• Why can’t we just use the natural flow of rivers to generate electricity without dams?
• How did viruses evolve if plasmids can't reproduce?
• How good works shielding from solar radiation by being at planetary L2 lagrange points?
• How do birds grow feathers?
• Is there a process for calculating the size of a tsunami? Are the height and length relative to each other?
• Does dark matter and dark energy also exist on Earth or only in space?
• How do strong nuclear forces create mass?
• Is CBD oil effective at treating anxiety/depression?
• Why does the LHC need to pre-accelerate particles?
• Why do high performance cars get worse gas mileage than economy cars?
• Can protactinium be removed from a LFTR without shutting off the reactor? If so, how?
• Would a test for toxoplasmosis detect an infection that occurred 10 years ago?
• When Graphene is used in practical applications, it’s obviously not still 1 atom thick. So how is Graphene different than Graphite?
• Japanese banana with edible skin claims to have reactivated ‚ice-age genes‘ by freezing the seedling using a ‚frost-thaw-awakening‘ method. How does that work?
• Why do certain foods, notably meats and cheeses, taste differently depending on how finely they're cut or shredded?

Are we just “lucky” that Magnetic North is very close to True North, or is there something more behind the reason? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 05:18 AM PST submitted by /u/HeirApperent [link] [comments]

Why doesn’t the LHC use an extra electric field to curve its beams instead of relying on magnets and the Lorentz force? Wouldn’t it be possible to have another electric field coming from the “sides”? Posted: 04 Feb 2019 10:29 AM PST submitted by /u/huskystorm [link] [comments]

How is it that voltage lags current in a capacitive AC circuit? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 04:13 AM PST I thought that voltage is the force that "compelled" current to flow, so how could it be that current can flow "ahead" of voltage? submitted by /u/Fatty_McFatty [link] [comments]

What direction do hurricanes spin in the equator? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 03:25 AM PST submitted by /u/Coolit3625 [link] [comments]

Can any theoretical physicist help me understand what Ed Witten's "hat and ball" diagram is all about in this String Theory lecture? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 07:13 AM PST See this lecture: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UKehm-o8snU. There is a fascinating (but exotic!) diagram on page 45 of the slides here: http://wwwth.mpp.mpg.de/members/strings/strings2012/strings_files/program/Talks/Saturday/Witten.pdf. (Note: Witten mentions in the lecture that the hat's lip ought to have been drawn smaller, since the whole point is that an explanation is being sought for WHY the lip is so small, and hence why gravity is such a weak force.) The point is that this is a fascinating/exotic diagram, but I have zero clue what it means or what it is all about. I am intrigued. submitted by /u/PencesElectrician [link] [comments]

With a powerful telescope, is it possible to see the 'outline' of certain stars? Or are they all simply too far away for them to appear as anything else other than a point of light no matter the magnification? Posted: 04 Feb 2019 01:30 PM PST And if it turns out that it is possible, please share a picture or two! submitted by /u/MisterLambda [link] [comments]

Is there a “Goldilocks Zone” on a galactic scale? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 03:31 AM PST Hypothetically, could humans or other life survive near the dense center of our galaxy or on an earth-like planet orbiting a solitary star not in a galaxy? Edit: Sorry if I'm using the term "Goldilocks Zone" rather loosely, I'm just curious if a stars location would have any impact on the habitability of an earth-like planet orbiting it. submitted by /u/pseuzy17 [link] [comments]

Being that neutrinos are so hard to detect, how can we make accurate estimates about how many are produced? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 01:14 AM PST We've all heard the stats like: 20 trillion neutrinos from the Sun pass through your body every second. Or however many. Given that they interact with matter so little, and are so hard to detect, how can we make accurate estimates about how many are being produced? Is it purely down to math, e.g. theories predict that we'd expect X number of interactions in Y detector if Z neutrinos are produced, and the detection rate matches that? Or is it some other method? Appreciate any answers! submitted by /u/rich-creamery-butter [link] [comments]

Why can’t we just use the natural flow of rivers to generate electricity without dams? Posted: 04 Feb 2019 09:33 PM PST Why don't we basically use water wheels or underwater pinwheels to generate electricity without trapping the water? submitted by /u/Wafflotron [link] [comments]

How did viruses evolve if plasmids can't reproduce? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 01:44 AM PST First of all let me say this is a legitimate question and I'm not trying to disprove evolution; that being said I've heard a hypothesis that viruses came from DNA or RNA that evolved from escaped plasmids and transposons. What I want to know is: How did plasmids and transposons evolve into viruses if they can't reproduce? submitted by /u/Forsaken_Dot [link] [comments]

How good works shielding from solar radiation by being at planetary L2 lagrange points? Posted: 05 Feb 2019 04:37 AM PST How good is the shielding provided by the planets radiation shadow and are there planets in our solar system where this might not work? submitted by /u/TOSkyLAX [link] [comments]

How do birds grow feathers? Posted: 04 Feb 2019 01:57 PM PST Is it just like how we grow hair? Can they re-grow after falling out? If so, how long does that take? submitted by /u/Zmorrison2112 [link] [comments]

Is there a process for calculating the size of a tsunami? Are the height and length relative to each other? Posted: 04 Feb 2019 11:07 AM PST For example; is it confirmed that the length of a tsunami will always be significantly larger/smaller than its height by X amount? submitted by /u/BxLorien [link] [comments]

Does dark matter and dark energy also exist on Earth or only in space? Posted: 04 Feb 2019 11:44 AM PST Is there dark matter in our atmosphere surrounding us right now? If not, where is it found? As close as our orbit or way farther out in space? submitted by /u/MrTotoro1 [link] [comments]

How do strong nuclear forces create mass? Posted: 04 Feb 2019 09:22 PM PST I came across the sentence, "Most of the mass of a common proton or neutron is the result of the strong force field energy; the individual quarks provide only about 1% of the mass of a proton." in the wikipedia page. But it also says that they're caused by Gluons which have no mass. I thought conservation laws meant that mass couldn't be created or destroyed. How does this work? submitted by /u/MiguelDeMiel [link] [comments]

Is CBD oil effective at treating anxiety/depression? Posted: 04 Feb 2019 10:02 AM PST I noticed CBD oil is available without prescription. The pamphlet has a disclaimer saying they can only call it a food supplement and not a medicine for treating/curing ailments. This suggests that they have no evidence of their claims and it is unregulated because it is harmless. It seems like it might be another homeopathy type "cure". I know that there is cannibas oils that are effective but it seems to me that some of them might not be. Can anyone please clarify if CBD is legit or if only the controlled versions are effective? submitted by /u/Kellhus0Anasurimbor [link] [comments]

Why does the LHC need to pre-accelerate particles? Posted: 04 Feb 2019 04:07 PM PST Why can't they just accelerate them in the larger accelerator from the start? submitted by /u/mordego [link] [comments]

Why do high performance cars get worse gas mileage than economy cars? Posted: 04 Feb 2019 12:34 PM PST Okay I understand why cars with larger engines with higher power outputs consume more fuel just because their larger displacement, but I'm more curious about why they use more fuel to do roughly the same amount of work. ​ For an extreme example, the 2008 Lamborghini Murcielago has a 6.5 liter V-12, and makes 631 horsepower. The 2008 Toyota Corolla has a 1.8 liter I-4 and makes 126 horsepower. The cars weigh around the same, and have similar drag coefficients, but the Lamborghini will do 14 miles per gallon on the highway whereas the Corolla can do 37. ​ In theory, shouldn't they get around the same mileage if the transmission in the Lamborghini was geared up to allow the car to cruise at highway speed at a very low engine speed? I'm just thinking that a very powerful engine is capable of doing the same work as a smaller less powerful engine but it doesn't have to work as hard since it produces so much power. ​ Can someone help me understand? submitted by /u/PeanutButterBuddie [link] [comments]

Can protactinium be removed from a LFTR without shutting off the reactor? If so, how? Posted: 04 Feb 2019 07:21 PM PST I also wanted to know if anyone knew of an online resource where I could find designs for a LFTR that could possibly be scaled-down and built given enough money, time, and research. submitted by /u/AJ_De_Leon [link] [comments]

Would a test for toxoplasmosis detect an infection that occurred 10 years ago? Posted: 04 Feb 2019 11:20 AM PST Here is said test: https://www.walkinlab.com/labcorp-toxoplasma-gondii-igg-abs-blood-test.html ​ Thanks in advance. submitted by /u/xenoplanet [link] [comments]

When Graphene is used in practical applications, it’s obviously not still 1 atom thick. So how is Graphene different than Graphite? Posted: 04 Feb 2019 01:21 PM PST Searching online, the difference given is that Graphene is the same as graphite, just only 1 atom thick. So what happens to the strengths of Graphene when it's used in practical applications, where there's obviously more than just 1 layer used? A Graphene battery is many many layers thick. Not 1 atom thick. How does this turn out differently from graphite? submitted by /u/BlevelandCrowns [link] [comments]

Japanese banana with edible skin claims to have reactivated ‚ice-age genes‘ by freezing the seedling using a ‚frost-thaw-awakening‘ method. How does that work? Posted: 04 Feb 2019 09:32 AM PST Since last year, there have been numerous news reports of a Japanese farmer who invented a banana with edible skin. He claims that freezing banana seedlings up to -60°C will reactivate ‚ice-ages genes'. After the freezing period the banana is supposed to grow way faster and produce fruit earlier with thinner skin. How would a plant survive this and why would it trigger ancient DNA? Whats the science behind all this? How would that possible work? I couldnt find any studies or scientific explanations about this or the so-called ‚frost-thaw-awakening method' There's no real article either that questions the explanations given or goes into detail. exemplary news article: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/02/01/bananas-edible-peel-developed-japanese-farmers/ submitted by /u/bmV3X3VzZXI [link] [comments]

Why do certain foods, notably meats and cheeses, taste differently depending on how finely they're cut or shredded? Posted: 04 Feb 2019 08:47 AM PST submitted by /u/clshifter [link] [comments]

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Do people of all cultures report seeing "their life flash before their eyes" when they (almost) die?

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• Do people of all cultures report seeing "their life flash before their eyes" when they (almost) die?
• The difference between Gold and Mercury on the Periodic Table is one Proton. If I add one proton, solid Gold turns into a silvery liquid metal that's extremely toxic to humans. How can the addition of a single proton have such a profound effect on an element's properties?
• If stars conserve angular momentum when they collapse into a black hole, shouldn't the rate at which the black hole spins that tell us that whatever is in the center of a black hole has a measurable diameter rather than being an infinitely dense point?
• How EXACTLY do Two-Higgs-Doublet Models work?
• what is the difference between a space time graph and a normal distance time graph??
• How can our brain distinguish between sound coming from above and sound coming from below?
• If drugs themselves do not cause addiction, how do we explain withdrawal?
• How smart are octopi? I know they can solve puzzles and mazes and open lids to jars, but how to they compare to humans? Are they as smart as a young child, for example?
• How were the temperature scales derived?
• Will a Strong Enough Electric Field Permanently Break an Intermolecular Dipole Dipole Attraction?
• How are some images taken using an electron microscope?
• If the law of physics are the same regardless of what frame, does a stationary charge experience a Lorentz force when a magnet moves near it?
• Are there some cases where, given the Oberth effect, you'd actually want to release reaction mass at a lower velocity?
• Can we align the direction of an atom's electrons?
• Does Biologic Carbon Sequestration Actually Help Stop Long Term Climate Change?
• What is happening on the molecular level as paint (or any similar substance) is "drying"?
• How does compound ear pro work in terms of NRR?

Do people of all cultures report seeing "their life flash before their eyes" when they (almost) die? Posted: 03 Feb 2019 07:33 PM PST In general, is there any universal consistency between what people see before they die and/or think they are going to die? submitted by /u/_____pantsunami_____ [link] [comments]

The difference between Gold and Mercury on the Periodic Table is one Proton. If I add one proton, solid Gold turns into a silvery liquid metal that's extremely toxic to humans. How can the addition of a single proton have such a profound effect on an element's properties? Posted: 03 Feb 2019 12:14 PM PST submitted by /u/Vintage_Cola [link] [comments]

If stars conserve angular momentum when they collapse into a black hole, shouldn't the rate at which the black hole spins that tell us that whatever is in the center of a black hole has a measurable diameter rather than being an infinitely dense point? Posted: 03 Feb 2019 08:48 PM PST After all, if there were an infinitely dense point with no diameter at the center of a black hole, wouldn't the black hole have to spin infinitely fast? submitted by /u/Throwaway_8580 [link] [comments]

How EXACTLY do Two-Higgs-Doublet Models work? Posted: 04 Feb 2019 03:14 AM PST I've become fascinated in particle physics as of late. However I can't wrap my head around these swanky models. For instance, one old one I've found is the Peccei-Quinn model. So this is a theory that there is an extra particle, an Axion. Got it. However, how does this interact with a Higgs Field? What does it tangibly do? And why does it solve the CP problem? I'm really concerned I've gotten confused with my terminology here, because this paper discusses Peccei-Quinn and 2HDM as if they're related but there's little else I can find on the topic. submitted by /u/Whores_anus [link] [comments]

what is the difference between a space time graph and a normal distance time graph?? Posted: 04 Feb 2019 02:40 AM PST submitted by /u/sharon_cpl [link] [comments]

How can our brain distinguish between sound coming from above and sound coming from below? Posted: 03 Feb 2019 01:09 PM PST submitted by /u/DmMeUrRoesti [link] [comments]

If drugs themselves do not cause addiction, how do we explain withdrawal? Posted: 03 Feb 2019 03:41 PM PST Been seeing a lot of literature and videos suggesting that our conceptions about addiction are entirely wrong, suggesting that the change in cognition and behavior etc. is not caused by "chemical hooks", but by processes that govern learning and bonds. In case I need to explain myself a little: Kurzgesagt did a very snappy, digestible video on the misconceptions surrounding addiction here that's been widely proliferated). I also found a presentation here by a published research chemist to that effect that is significantly more thorough but difficult to watch. If this is true, then how does opiate withdrawal or delirium tremens fit into this equation? submitted by /u/elhawiyeh [link] [comments]

How smart are octopi? I know they can solve puzzles and mazes and open lids to jars, but how to they compare to humans? Are they as smart as a young child, for example? Posted: 03 Feb 2019 12:56 PM PST submitted by /u/NearbyCranberry [link] [comments]

How were the temperature scales derived? Posted: 03 Feb 2019 12:09 PM PST Hey, so I am aware that 0 °Celsius the freezing point and 100° the boiling point of water at sealevel is. However when it was introduced how were the the points between 0-100° estimated. Like how could you establish how "hot" 30° was. Did they meassure the density of the water or what? I jope my question is kind of unnderstanable submitted by /u/Metatronx [link] [comments]

Will a Strong Enough Electric Field Permanently Break an Intermolecular Dipole Dipole Attraction? Posted: 03 Feb 2019 12:12 PM PST Suppose I've got borosilicate (mostly composed of SiO2 & B2O3), and due to the Diboron trioxide has dipole moment. Now the dipole moment creates dipole dipole attraction with a whole lot of other molecules. I'm trying to get rid of these other molecules. If a place the borosilicate in an electric field, the dipole moment of the 'other molecules' will experience torque towards the direction of the electric field. If the bond direction is perpendicular to the electric field will this cause intermolecular bond to permanently rupture? ​ submitted by /u/dmgsoch [link] [comments]

How are some images taken using an electron microscope? Posted: 03 Feb 2019 10:41 AM PST I saw this post where a picture of a needle and a thread was taken using an electron microscope. But I've read that for an electron microscope the samples have to be dried and sliced into thin pieces. So, how was this picture taken? submitted by /u/horribus3 [link] [comments]

If the law of physics are the same regardless of what frame, does a stationary charge experience a Lorentz force when a magnet moves near it? Posted: 03 Feb 2019 12:06 PM PST submitted by /u/tinkenieer [link] [comments]

Are there some cases where, given the Oberth effect, you'd actually want to release reaction mass at a lower velocity? Posted: 03 Feb 2019 12:01 PM PST I was thinking about the Oberth effect, and the implications of leaving your propellant at a lower orbit with less potential energy. I was thinking: what would be the best way to extract all the energy possible from that reaction mass? Well, that would be to leave the propellant with zero potential and zero kinetic energy, but given that is impossible (maybe except for at the event horizon of a black hole?), with zero kinetic energy and minimal potential energy. ​ So here's the question that lead to the question: do I waste energy by burning propellant _faster_ than I am going, and thus sending both myself and the propellant to a higher orbit? ​ I know that's not the case, as you get ISP from exhaust velocity, but is there any benefit in doing so, and why _isn't_ this the case? ​ Thanks! submitted by /u/CompellingProtagonis [link] [comments]

Can we align the direction of an atom's electrons? Posted: 03 Feb 2019 08:04 AM PST In the Wikipedia page for Neodymium magnets, it is stated of the magnet's construction: In a magnet it is the unpaired electrons, aligned so they spin in the same direction, which generate the magnetic field. Is it not true that our understanding of electrons has progressed to the point where we now know that they are quantum variables, that they are mathematically in all places at once? How, then, could we be aligning their paths to create a magnetic field? submitted by /u/TheRemedialPolymath [link] [comments]

Does Biologic Carbon Sequestration Actually Help Stop Long Term Climate Change? Posted: 03 Feb 2019 06:22 AM PST There is this popular belief that trees or plants help prevent climate change by sequestration of carbon dioxide. But I believe that over the long term (100 to 1000 years) the tree will have died and released all of the carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere. So growing some plants might reduce carbon dioxide in the short term but longer term will have no effect. What am I missing? submitted by /u/Gravityparticle [link] [comments]

What is happening on the molecular level as paint (or any similar substance) is "drying"? Posted: 03 Feb 2019 07:12 AM PST submitted by /u/SnailLester [link] [comments]

How does compound ear pro work in terms of NRR? Posted: 03 Feb 2019 06:29 AM PST If you wear 24nrr earmuffs over 24nrr earplugs, will that give you a 33nrr overall, or is that now how it works? submitted by /u/Spyrothedragon9972 [link] [comments]

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