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Friday, September 29, 2017

Does fission occur inside of a star? If so, how far down the periodic table does fission occur inside of a star?

Does fission occur inside of a star? If so, how far down the periodic table does fission occur inside of a star?


Does fission occur inside of a star? If so, how far down the periodic table does fission occur inside of a star?

Posted: 29 Sep 2017 03:59 AM PDT

If helium-3 is so energy dense as fusion fuel, shouldn't we need very little of it?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 10:27 PM PDT

And is enriched tritium decay enough to meet demand?

submitted by /u/pimpmastahanhduece
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Are there Moons that have Moons themselves or any other satellites? And if yes are there Moon's Moons with additional sattelites?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 05:53 PM PDT

How can computers generate random numbers when they just read instructions (code)?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 02:51 PM PDT

Is there a different compass used in outer space?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 08:35 PM PDT

I assume the concepts of North, South, East, and West are kind of lost when put in the abyss of space, so what is used in it's place to tell direction?

submitted by /u/deathofaeris
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Is there a colour our eyes can see but common camera chips can't detect?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 01:57 PM PDT

Non-photo blue is used for graphics and sketches that should disappear when scanned in a photo-copier or when converted to grayscale and some shades of purple seem to shift to blue when taken with an (older) camera. However, is there a colour our eyes can see but common (smartphone) cameras can't detect at all?

submitted by /u/jaZoo
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Why is the C.M.B. visible in every direction?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 05:17 PM PDT

If it is the case that the big bang was a local event; how is it that the cosmic microwave background is visible from every spacial angle?

If there was superluminal expansion, surely only one direction should have the remnants.

If the photons escaped the plasma during expansion, surely there was nothing for them to scatter off of -- back towards us -- and we shouldn't see anything.

Is it topological? Something like a 4-D stereographic projection where the projection point is the big bang such that all 3-D spacial paths trace a meridian back into the past?

How can we even tell that it's the big bang and not radiation from non-observable universe beyond our small bubble?

submitted by /u/Verandure
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Why does rubbing salt into a wound hurt so much?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 11:41 AM PDT

Sodium channels?

submitted by /u/zorbix
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Does an animal such as a wood frog, that enters dormancy for half the year through freezing, have its lifespan shortened proportionally if kept in a warm environment?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 09:26 AM PDT

Why electric waves and magnetic waves are at right angles?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 06:04 PM PDT

Hi I'm looking into electromagnetic waves and have found lots of information about how a positive electrical charge creates a magnetic field and vice versa.. But I haven't yet found an explanation as to why they are created at a right angle? Logic would tell me that from an event, the result would be created in all directions, so why at a right angle? And also, with these events not actually being flat in any sense, what is the right angle even relative to?

If anyone has a link to a video or something that could explain this it'd be much appreciated. If the answers become too mathematical, I won't be able to follow.

Thanks!

submitted by /u/Dantholemew
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How do labs ensure that the mice they test on don't suffer genetic problems from inbreeding through the supplier? Wouldn't genetically damaged mice invalidate research?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 01:36 PM PDT

How is the effect of drugs on fetuses tested when taken by the mother?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 01:26 PM PDT

So I was listening to a podcast today that was discussing Thalidomide back in the 60s. One consequence they brought up of all of the birth defects in children whose mothers had taken thalidomide for morning sickness was this led to clinical trials excluding all women until the 90s, and not until 2016 was it mandated that women be included in all phases of testing, which seems absolutely crazy to me.

So that got me wondering, how do doctors determine the effects different medicines will have on fetuses. I can't imagine anyone would risk their child's life to participate in a study. Do they just have to use anecdotal evidence? Are pregnant women simply advised to not take anything for fear of damaging the fetus. And what about drugs specifically intended for pregnant women?

submitted by /u/Jts124
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When you think about a body part (without moving it), are you causing any physiological changes in that body part?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 07:00 AM PDT

For example sending any electrical signals, or strengthening any nerve pathways? Or are you just bringing to mind the signals it's already giving you that you just weren't focused on before (like if it's hot or cold or if it's in pain)? I was thinking about this originally in the context of yoga but am now just curious about how thinking about a body part works. Often in yoga classes instructors will tell you to "focus on" or "bring awareness to" a certain body part, usually at the beginning or end of a class while you are doing a bit of meditation. What does this do in your body

submitted by /u/eetwee
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What is the large, round geologic feature found approximately 15 miles northeast of Crater Lake, in Oregon?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 10:49 PM PDT

I fell down an internet rabbit hole today learning about the geologic formation of the Western United States. I spent some time looking at Google maps and found an interesting, unnamed feature about 15 miles Northeast of Crater Lake in Oregon. What is this feature, and how did it form?

submitted by /u/raven_shadow_walker
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Why can't all chemotherapy treatments be done at home?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 01:21 PM PDT

Many chemo-treatments can be done from home, which include taking medication, IVs, or injections. But throughout my research the doctor makes the decision of whether or not it can be done at the patient's home. What are the factors that go into their decision to why or why not it can be done at home?

submitted by /u/Pandablurre
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Why do some spiders hoist pebbles from the ground and sometimes weave them into their webs?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 11:04 AM PDT

I have seen this several times in northern Germany. But I never understood why the spiders do this and how it benefits them.

Here are some examples I could find on the net:

http://he-who-photographs-rather-ok.tumblr.com/post/165834918679/this-is-a-weird-thing-how-did-this-pebble-got

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AeXdMKOCPj8

submitted by /u/Eastern_Calculus
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Is there any physical limit on how intense light can be?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 06:37 AM PDT

If you increase the number of photons in a given volume of space, does there reach a point when you can't continue to add more photons?

submitted by /u/holysitkit
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What's happening under the ocean while a hurricane is above it? Is it as crazy/destructive/turbulent/etc as it is above or is it not really noticeable underwater?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 08:05 AM PDT

Sorry, but I asked this same question in the megathread a day ago, but did not get a response. Thanks!

submitted by /u/Truck_Stop_Reuben
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Does p-orbital transition to s-orbital by oscillating probability density from lobe to lobe and settling down as a sphere, tracing out a sine wave of electrical disturbance as a photon?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 11:13 AM PDT

Catchy title, I know, but I had to phrase it as a question to get accepted...
During my physics degree, I'm sure I recall seeing an animation of a p (dumbell shaped) orbital decaying into an s (spherical) orbital by the charge distribution swaying between the two lobes of the p-orbital and eventually coming to a rest in the middle as a sphere. As the charge moves from side to side, it traces out a sine wave - the photon being emitted.
a) Does anyone have any idea whether this is an accurate representation of electron transitions emitting photons (and presumably the opposite occurring when a photon strikes an s-orbital and excites the electron into a p-orbital)?
My gut instinct tells me that this is pretty accurate, and fits with what I recall from quantum mechanics lectures about wave equations and so on.
and b) Does anyone know where I could find a copy of this animation? Searching Google and YouTube only brings up unanimated diagrams showing an instantaneous "flip" into the other orbital shape. I'd estimate that the original clip I saw was 30s long, but may have been part of a longer video - I saw this sometime before 2009, so my recall is hazy.

submitted by /u/crumpledlinensuit
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Does it take more energy to travel against the spin of a galaxy?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 10:18 AM PDT

If the milky way is rotating clockwise, are there forces (gravity, others) that would make it more difficult to travel counterclockwise, or "against the grain" so to speak? Or does that not make a difference?

submitted by /u/n1nj4d00m
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Thursday, September 28, 2017

Do humans have a vestigial tail wagging response? Is it detectable?

Do humans have a vestigial tail wagging response? Is it detectable?


Do humans have a vestigial tail wagging response? Is it detectable?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 03:47 AM PDT

LIGO/VIRGO Gravitational Wave Megathread

Posted: 27 Sep 2017 09:24 AM PDT

Hi everyone!

We have an announcement from the LIGO/VIRGO collaborations starting at 12:30 ET (1630 UT). We'll make sure to keep you up to date as the news comes out. Ask your gravitational wave (GW) questions here!

Announcement streams:

Useful links:


EDIT: It's a joint LIGO and VIRGO detection! This adds even more credibility to these detections. The paper is public here.

Properties:

  • Strain amplitude of 5 times 10-22
  • 30.5 plus 25.5 solar masses merger into a 53.2 solar mass black hole
  • 540 megaparsec distance (redshift z=0.11)
  • Reduction in sky localization from 1160 square degrees to just 60 square degrees!
  • Final black hole spin of 0.7
submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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Where do photons come from? When I, for example, set a log on fire, were the photons that come flying out of it always there and are being released now or are they being newly created?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 02:37 AM PDT

How are roads designed on irregular terrain?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 02:30 AM PDT

How is the placement of the road decided in a way that takes into consideration the environment and also vehicle performance? How does this vary for cars, roads for different purposes and train tracks? I imagine some 3D computer software is used, but what kind of variables does this software take into account?

submitted by /u/kaxobixo
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Why do professional cameras only have one lense when the new phones have 2 lenses?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 08:35 AM PDT

For optimal quality photos, i would imagine professional cameras to have every possible feature.

Or is the dual camera on smartphones just a marketinf trick to fool the consumers?

Extra points if you awnser why there are no dual lense space telescopes.

submitted by /u/empire314
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What distinguishes mammalian cells from bird, reptile, fish etc cells?

Posted: 27 Sep 2017 05:18 PM PDT

I read a lot about things tailored to mammalian cells in the literature, presumably because you can use them to test things meant for humans and not for E. coli. But how different are mammalian cells from other classes of animals, at the cellular level? Are the cytoskeleton components and whatnot different?

submitted by /u/iorgfeflkd
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Calculating the time dilation for an object inside a black hole returns imaginary values, does this have a deeper meaning?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 06:47 AM PDT

Or is it just a quirk of the math? Probably doesn't mean anything because no outside observer can see any objects crossing over the event horizon anyways, but it's still interesting. Using the t0 = t1 * sqrt(1 - GM/rc²) formula for non-rotating spherical masses.

submitted by /u/Iwanttolink
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Do stars fuse elements heavier than iron?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 05:58 AM PDT

Before everyone jumps in about how elements below iron undergo fusion, and above them they can undergo fission, everyone knows that. But in the conditions of the core of a star, could it be that elements heavier than iron are being created, even though it takes an excess of energy? There is LOTS of energy around, and lots of pressure, could it be happening?

submitted by /u/cmuadamson
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How are x-rays produced? And how harmfull is it's exposure?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 09:08 AM PDT

What is the smell that metal smells? Is it actual metal that gets up your nose, or is it some effect the metal have on the air?

Posted: 27 Sep 2017 03:15 PM PDT

And why does it smell so extremely distinctive?

submitted by /u/MarlinMr
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What does it really mean that the electromagnetic force and weak force converge at high energies?

Posted: 27 Sep 2017 09:02 AM PDT

I did my undergrad in physics at MIT, so I'm pretty solid on quantum mechanics and E&M, but I've never had a good intuitive understanding of what it means that the electromagnetic force and weak force converge at high energies (the eletroweak force). I've encountered this idea in pop-science books and it was touched on in classes, but I'm hoping someone here can explain it more. (and if possible, explain symmetry breaking and the role that photons and quarks play in these two forces)

submitted by /u/ribi305
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Air has weight. Does this mean that, in theory, it would be slightly cheaper to launch manned space missions with astronauts wearing suits / air masks, as opposed to having a pressurized capsule?

Posted: 27 Sep 2017 08:27 PM PDT

Sorry if Engineering isn't the appropriate flair. I wasn't sure exactly what to classify this as.

submitted by /u/Azleron
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Why is the average atomic mass compared to the carbon-12 isotope?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 05:48 AM PDT

Why can't it be a different isotope?

submitted by /u/shareink123
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How do we measure redshift on cosmological scales?

Posted: 28 Sep 2017 12:50 AM PDT

Redshift/blueshift, as I understand, is not too difficult to see at close scales (the earth and close stars) because we can use parallaxes to infer distances and therefore temperature and spectra. What confuses me is with astronomers like Hubble, how did they know far out objects were redshifted and not simply redder? I guess the same goes for blueshift; how do we know something is coming closer vs actually energetic and blue?

submitted by /u/jw6316
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Is there a hard limit to the viscosity of a fluid before the Stokes-Einstein equation breaks down?

Posted: 27 Sep 2017 03:37 PM PDT

This question refers to Dynamic Light Scattering.

My peers and I are trying to measuring Au particles in the 5nm range but have had no luck. One theory we had was to use a more viscous fluid to increase the time scale. I have found one source claiming 3mPas to be the soft-limit where fluids begin to inhibit Brownian motion to the point where the Stokes-Einstein equation can no longer be reliable but I have not found any other sources or studies confirming this empirical observation.

submitted by /u/SoggyAugi
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Is it possible to boost the speed of sound up to the speed of light?

Posted: 27 Sep 2017 01:51 PM PDT

Is it possible to have an infinite number of rainbows?

Posted: 27 Sep 2017 02:26 PM PDT

I went to a lecture on rainbows and remember the guy talking specifically about how secondary rainbows are made through repeated total internal reflection and was wondering if by some chance this could be repeated over and over could this make an infinite number of rainbows?

submitted by /u/Tometu
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What happens if you build an element that is not on the periodic table?

Posted: 27 Sep 2017 03:47 PM PDT

What happens if you build an element (putting protons, neutrons, electrons, etc.) that is not on the periodic table? Will a reaction occur that make it turn into a "proper" element?

submitted by /u/NarawaGames
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Do photons going at exactly the speed of light violate the Uncertainty principle?

Posted: 27 Sep 2017 04:58 PM PDT

Since the uncertainty principle says that a particle cannot have a precise position and a precise velocity, how can a single photon go at exactly the speed of light? Is a single photon, due to its exact speed, everywhere in the universe?

submitted by /u/catragore
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How much did scientists know about the makeup of other planets in our solar system prior to spectroscopy?

Posted: 27 Sep 2017 09:45 AM PDT

To what extent would it be possible to abandon a nuclear power plant?

Posted: 27 Sep 2017 12:54 PM PDT

Could they just offload the fuel, rip out and dispose of any parts of the plant over a certain level of radioactivity, and walk away? In a typical water-type reactor installation, how much contaminated equipment is there really?

submitted by /u/Imhotep_23
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Wednesday, September 27, 2017

AskScience Panel of Scientists XVII

AskScience Panel of Scientists XVII


AskScience Panel of Scientists XVII

Posted: 07 Aug 2017 01:16 PM PDT

Please read this entire post carefully and format your application appropriately.

This post is for new panelist recruitment! The previous one is here.

The panel is an informal group of redditors who are either professional scientists or those in training to become so. All panelists have at least a graduate-level familiarity within their declared field of expertise and answer questions from related areas of study. A panelist's expertise is summarized in a color-coded AskScience flair.

Membership in the panel comes with access to a panelist subreddit. It is a place for panelists to interact with each other, voice concerns to the moderators, and where the moderators make announcements to the whole panel. It's a good place to network with people who share your interests!


You are eligible to join the panel if you:

  • Are studying for at least an MSc. or equivalent degree in the sciences, AND,

  • Are able to communicate your knowledge of your field at a level accessible to various audiences.


Instructions for formatting your panelist application:

  • Choose exactly one general field from the side-bar (Physics, Engineering, Social Sciences, etc.).

  • State your specific field in one word or phrase (Neuropathology, Quantum Chemistry, etc.)

  • Succinctly describe your particular area of research in a few words (carbon nanotube dielectric properties, myelin sheath degradation in Parkinsons patients, etc.)

  • Give us a brief synopsis of your education: are you a research scientist for three decades, or a first-year Ph.D. student?

  • Provide links to comments you've made in AskScience which you feel are indicative of your scholarship. Applications will not be approved without several comments made in /r/AskScience itself.


Ideally, these comments should clearly indicate your fluency in the fundamentals of your discipline as well as your expertise. We favor comments that contain citations so we can assess its correctness without specific domain knowledge.

Here's an example application:

 Username: /u/foretopsail General field: Anthropology Specific field: Maritime Archaeology Particular areas of research include historical archaeology, archaeometry, and ship construction. Education: MA in archaeology, researcher for several years. Comments: 1, 2, 3, 4. 

Please do not give us personally identifiable information and please follow the template. We're not going to do real-life background checks - we're just asking for reddit's best behavior. However, several moderators are tasked with monitoring panelist activity, and your credentials will be checked against the academic content of your posts on a continuing basis.

You can submit your application by replying to this post.

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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Why do we consider it certain that radioactive decay is completely random?

Posted: 26 Sep 2017 04:57 PM PDT

How can we possibly rule out the fact that there's some hidden variable that we simply don't have the means to observe? I can't wrap my head around the fact that something happens for no reason with no trigger, it makes more sense to think that the reason is just unknown at our present level of understanding.

EDIT:

Thanks for the answers. To others coming here looking for a concise answer, I found this post the most useful to help me intuitively understand some of it: This post explains that the theories that seem to be the most accurate when tested describes quantum mechanics as inherently random/probabilistic. The idea that "if 95% fits, then the last 5% probably fits too" is very intuitively easy to understand. It also took me to this page on wikipedia which seems almost made for the question I asked. So I think everyone else wondering the same thing I did will find it useful!

submitted by /u/Towerss
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Why don't freight trains use turbine engines?

Posted: 26 Sep 2017 03:15 PM PDT

Freight trains in the US use diesel-electric drive trains where the engines act as a generator that then drives electric motors. These trains are supposedly extremely efficient, with a commonly-cited figure of 400 mpg per ton.

However, I'm operating under the assumption that turbines are the most efficient way to produce electricity as they're used to produce electricity for the grid. If this is the case, then why aren't trains using turbines, since they're trying to turn fossil fuel into electricity at peak efficiency? If it's not, then why do power plants not use diesel?

submitted by /u/MrMannWood
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Do different isotopes (e.g. Carbon 12 and Carbon 14) have slightly different electron emission spectra?

Posted: 27 Sep 2017 02:53 AM PDT

Do isotopes of atoms cause the electrons to have slightly different energy levels and therefore slightly different emission spectra or do the electron levels remain the same?

submitted by /u/Moonkyled
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Would an impact on the moon during an eclipse allow us to do spectroscopy of the impact ejecta dust?

Posted: 27 Sep 2017 07:54 AM PDT

Could deorbiting a large spacecraft or meteor into the surface at a 90° angle to the Earth while the moon transits the sun allow us to do spectroscopy using the sun's light filtering through the dust cloud that results from the impact?

submitted by /u/brett6781
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Why do my eyes make a squeaking noise when I rub them roughly?

Posted: 26 Sep 2017 08:52 PM PDT

Why would a black hole with the mass of Jupiter trap light while Jupiter itself doesn't?

Posted: 27 Sep 2017 01:05 AM PDT

I'm a bit confused. One is a simple gas giant and the other a black hole of the same mass yet only the black hole traps light. Why is it that way?

submitted by /u/Pylon_Constructor
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Ask Anything Wednesday - Engineering, Mathematics, Computer Science

Posted: 27 Sep 2017 08:06 AM PDT

Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Engineering, Mathematics, Computer Science

Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...".

Asking Questions:

Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions.

The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists.

Answering Questions:

Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience.

If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here.

Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here.

Ask away!

submitted by /u/AutoModerator
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When I reflected a laser off my phone screen, the reflection on the wall was many tiny dots in a grid like pattern, what is happening here?

Posted: 26 Sep 2017 08:27 PM PDT

Turbofan vs Gas Turbine?

Posted: 27 Sep 2017 02:45 AM PDT

I recently read about the Rolls-Royce MT30 gas turbines used in ships are based on Trent 800 turbofans with 80% part commonality. What are the mechanical differences between aircraft turbofans and Gas turbines and if none why the distinction in name from say a Turboshaft.

submitted by /u/C0RVUSC0RAX
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How would Earth's climate system respond to an increase in solar luminosity?

Posted: 26 Sep 2017 08:15 PM PDT

Could dark energy be used to harvest electricity using temperature differentials?

Posted: 26 Sep 2017 10:13 PM PDT

In a video I watched recently, it was theorized that empty space is not empty, but has a dark energy that is the reason for the expanding universe. Also mentioned was how that energy also gives empty space a radiant temperature. Sterling Engines run off temperature differentials, so if dark energy is a force that also creates heat, could it be harnessed to generate electricity? If not temperature differentials, are there better competing theories? (I'm intentionally ignoring the size such a system would need to be, and efficiency of the system, just asking if it's even feasible)

submitted by /u/halcyon918
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Why does Vancouver have two high tides per day?

Posted: 26 Sep 2017 09:59 PM PDT

I'm not exactly sure how I ended up looking at tide tables, but that's the internet for you. I noticed something that really surprised me: Vancouver BC has and extra high tide each cycle. As the tide is going out, it appears to change its mind and come back in a bit, before finally actually going out. Why?

Does it happen all year like this, or just some times?

I'm originally from Halifax, I didn't know about it being like that back there. Why is it different?

submitted by /u/djsunkid
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What would a sun spot look like if I were hovering directly above it?

Posted: 26 Sep 2017 09:50 PM PDT

Would it just be a giant black hole in the surface?

submitted by /u/willmcavoy
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Could someone explain what happens in this video? (And whether it is accurate)

Posted: 27 Sep 2017 05:16 AM PDT

If I was on a planet around a star between galaxies, would other stars be visible by the naked eye?

Posted: 26 Sep 2017 07:52 PM PDT

I've read there are only about 8,000 stars visible to the naked eye. I understand that there are some stars between galaxies that were ejected. If I was on a planet around a star in this area between galaxies, would there be stars observable with the naked eye or just the local sun?

submitted by /u/tailsfromretail
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How do colliding neutron stars create heavy elements above iron?

Posted: 26 Sep 2017 09:44 AM PDT

So im aware that supernova are the main source of our heavier elements. However neutron stars that collide also make them, my question is how.

Neutron stars no longer conduct fusion. So how does there act of colliding create heavy elements?

Does fusion restart by being fueled by shear gravity? Or is it another process.

If possible provide link to source.

Thank you

submitted by /u/WolfoftheNorth77
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How do warm blooded animals like rabbits survive a frigid winter?

Posted: 26 Sep 2017 04:27 PM PDT

Why don't highway tractors use electromotive diesel setups to pull freight similar to locomotive and mine haul?

Posted: 26 Sep 2017 08:53 AM PDT

Hello!

I'm not sure if this is the appropriate sub Reddit for this question, but hopefully there is an engineer kicking around that can shed some light.

I've worked in the trucking industry as a mechanic and I currently work as a mechanic for locomotives. I've always wondered why the trucking industry doesn't go the same way as locomotive and mine haul vehicles?

Diesel engines last longer when powering generators due to constancy of load and you no longer need a transmission, driveline and power-dividers. Also electric motors could be used to brake and they are very high torque.

Anyone have any experience in this subject?

Thanks!

submitted by /u/Tripydevin
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What is the cause behind the relationship between an atom being heavy and its propensity to decay?

Posted: 26 Sep 2017 09:00 PM PDT

Follow up: could we create an environment in which heavy elements that would normally decay remain stable?

submitted by /u/CraptainHammer
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How much energy does a tree consume in a day?

Posted: 26 Sep 2017 03:24 PM PDT

Hypothetically, there is an oak that is 80 ft tall, 24" diameter, and is 22,000 lbs (including roots). How much energy does that tree need from sunlight and nutrients in the soil on average to survive one day? I have read how much energy a tree can produce from being chopped down and wood burnt, but I haven't been about to find the energy it consumes in a day to live.

submitted by /u/Thomtits
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Why do electrons have kinetic energy?

Posted: 26 Sep 2017 05:55 PM PDT

The hydrogen atom consists of a negatively charged electron bound by a positively charged nucleus. Traditionally when we calculate the energy of the H atom we can partition the Hamiltonian into a kinetic energy part and a potential energy part. However when analyzing the ground state solution a cusp (singularity) appears at the position of nucleus since the potential energy goes to infinity. This cusp is "neutralized" by the kinetic energy which goes also to infinity at that point. Therefore it seems t that there is something fundamentally wrong with separating kinetic and potential energy at the quantum level. Can anybody with deeper quantum physics knowledge then me chime in?

submitted by /u/similus
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How do we determine how far away a distant galaxy is when the universe is expanding at an increasing rate?

Posted: 26 Sep 2017 01:58 PM PDT

The red shift given by a distant galaxy tells us how fast it was moving away from us a large number of years ago. But since the universe is expanding at an increasing rate, how do we determine how far away galaxies are?

submitted by /u/msief
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Does spacetime curve toward the event horizon nearest by or toward a central geometric point of the entire black hole?

Posted: 27 Sep 2017 12:59 AM PDT