[Biology] Is it theoretically possible for a human to stop producing digestive waste?

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• [Biology] Is it theoretically possible for a human to stop producing digestive waste?
• How can light carry momentum if it has no mass?
• Why does the Laplace Transform work?
• How are food calories scientifically measured, and how well does this reflect what is actually biologically available in living systems?
• Does learning change our genetics?
• Why doesn't the latest sunrise or earliest sunset coincide with the shortest day of the year?
• Could you still accelerate on a playground swing if the fulcrum were perfectly frictionless, or would all your body motions just cancel out?
• How do we know dates from genetics?
• Why is three phosphorylations the limit of Adenosine and not two or four?
• How do my eyes 'know' it is dark and therefore time to dilate?
• Are there any parts of Earth that cannot be photographed from a space satellite?
• Can we predict the bulk properties of elements in the island of stability?
• Why aren't the caps from plastic bottles recyclable?
• Can seawater be used in resomation/ alkaline hydrolysis?
• Aubre De Grey's SENS program. Real science or pure speculation?
• Do other properties like charge have a similar relationship to space-time as mass?
• Is there any natural evidence of the higher dimensions or have we totally made the concept up?
• Can you measure irrational numbers in real life?
• Why do inductors become open circuits at high or "infinite" frequency?
• What creates chaos in a dynamical, 4-body celestial system with zero total momentum?
• How do animals consciously control chromatophores? How do their brains interface with the cells?
• How much CO2 does the internet produce now?

[Biology] Is it theoretically possible for a human to stop producing digestive waste? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 04:54 PM PST If such a food existed that only gave the body exactly what it needed, could humans stop urination or defecation? submitted by /u/ThePlanetX [link] [comments]

How can light carry momentum if it has no mass? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 05:53 AM PST submitted by /u/The_1st_Name_I_Chose [link] [comments]

Why does the Laplace Transform work? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 06:16 PM PST I study electrical engineering and we started using Laplace transforms. The only explanation we've gotten is that it's useful in solving problems. This is true, but why does it work? I have no intuition about why we're doing what we're doing with regard to performing the Laplace submitted by /u/iRoastaJWhenIWakeUp [link] [comments]

How are food calories scientifically measured, and how well does this reflect what is actually biologically available in living systems? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 12:21 PM PST What I have read suggests that basic values for caloric content are derived from bomb calorimeter studies, which seems to just represent how much heat energy can be given off by the substance through igniting it making careful measurements. Obviously this would not be a perfect surrogate for calories available to all living systems. For instance humans are unable to digest cellulose, so although it could give off energy on ignition, it would not be biologically available to humans. So how did we figure out calorie content for various complex foods and what its functional impact would be on human nutrition? submitted by /u/SixtySecondsWorth [link] [comments]

Does learning change our genetics? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 05:13 PM PST Let's say I have two generations of humans. Let's say over 100 years there are five generations so a new person every 20 years. If I teach math up to the college level every generation in generation A but teach math up to junior high to ever generation in generation B, will the 6th generation of generation A be able to learn math better than the 6th generation of generation B? That is, if everything is held constant, does raw acquisition of knowledge change our genetics in such a way that the next generation will have genetics that will incline them to acquire knowledge quicker or understand information better? I hope I clarified the question, but if not please let me know, and I'll use another example. submitted by /u/ArrowsUp [link] [comments]

Why doesn't the latest sunrise or earliest sunset coincide with the shortest day of the year? Posted: 05 Dec 2016 06:17 AM PST Why are they are always off by a few days? For example, In Sydney NSW (AU), the shortest day of the year was June 21, but the latest sunrise was not until Jun 24, and the earliest sunset was on each day between Jun 5 and 18. submitted by /u/1BitcoinOrBust [link] [comments]

Could you still accelerate on a playground swing if the fulcrum were perfectly frictionless, or would all your body motions just cancel out? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 12:59 PM PST This one is doing a real number on my mechanics intuition! On our frictionless swing, just pulling with your arms and kicking with your legs seems like it should be futile, since the forces should all cancel out when you pull your arms and legs back. BUT, if you were to stand up on this frictionless swing, lean forward a bit, then jump and yank the chain up behind you, it seems like you could impart some energy into the system. OK, so then what is happening when you normally pump up a swing with energy? Are you doing a trick using the friction in the fulcrum? Or are you doing a version of the above "jumping" inside your own body somehow? Or a combination of both? Gack, my brain! submitted by /u/SumDumScientist [link] [comments]

How do we know dates from genetics? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 04:13 PM PST There's a lot of genetics-based inferences about population migrations and evolution. Take this sentence from wikipedia for example: Sub-group X2 appears to have undergone extensive population expansion and dispersal around or soon after the Last Glacial Maximum, about 21,000 years ago. The 21,000 years figure is based on what? How much confidence should I put on this kind of knowledge? submitted by /u/joe462 [link] [comments]

Why is three phosphorylations the limit of Adenosine and not two or four? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 02:32 PM PST Totally not procrastinating listening to protein kinase lecture. submitted by /u/ZachF8119 [link] [comments]

How do my eyes 'know' it is dark and therefore time to dilate? Posted: 05 Dec 2016 04:55 AM PST submitted by /u/TheHaughtyHog [link] [comments]

Are there any parts of Earth that cannot be photographed from a space satellite? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 01:43 PM PST ... due to physics. Maybe the satellite can't fly over that part of the Earth due to orbital physics? Or some other law of physics preventing any satellites from being able to fly over that part of Earth? submitted by /u/cupboard1 [link] [comments]

Can we predict the bulk properties of elements in the island of stability? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 12:54 PM PST In Schlock Mercenary, they use those elements as unobtainium like they're super strong. Do we know if they are? Do we have reason to expect them to be? While I'm at it, how about metastable metallic hydrogen? I'm not even entirely clear as to if that would be a liquid or solid. submitted by /u/DCarrier [link] [comments]

Why aren't the caps from plastic bottles recyclable? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 09:41 AM PST And why don't they make recyclable caps? They always tell you to remove the cap before recycling, but what about that little ring that stays around the bottleneck when the cap is twisted off? EDIT: My first post here, please be gentle. I flaired as "Earth Sciences" because I'm not sure where recycling fits in. Maybe Chemistry instead? submitted by /u/disposable_account01 [link] [comments]

Can seawater be used in resomation/ alkaline hydrolysis? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 09:57 AM PST submitted by /u/signifyigeng [link] [comments]

Aubre De Grey's SENS program. Real science or pure speculation? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 04:02 PM PST Some of you might be familiar with Aubrey De Grey's talks and his research via the SENS foundation. He is a gerontologist and basically claims that it can be possible in the next decades to develop therapies that will reverse the effect of aging, making everyone live a lot longer (maybe 1000s of years) as people will mostly not die of cancer or Alzheimers or other diseases of old age. There's been many crackpots claiming things like this through history but Aubrey has explained his methods in detail in his book Ending Aging, he's a respectable scientist and there's even been an open contest to disproof his theories, to the result of "this stuff is not impossible but looks difficult". So there's at least some plausibility and credentials behind the whole effort. Here's an introduction to his "7 step" program to cure all effect of aging. Therapies that address all 7 can potentially revert the body to a younger state (his claim). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategies_for_Engineered_Negligible_Senescence The question is, especially for other gerontologists and biologists in the hall. How crazy is all this? I've heard before that although not impossible, some of the claims behind some of those specific "7 steps" are wildly optimistic and not likely to happen in 100s of years. For example, one of those steps seems to be basically similar to "cure cancer". Is that accurate? I'm 100% disinterested in the moral/ethical angle of all this (where would we put all people? Wouldn't just the rich live forever? Etc.). I'm just interested in the question, is it possible? Likely? SENS foundation is woefully underfunded so even if there's a remote possibility that this could all work it stands to reason we should all donate them money to find out. A video of him explaining his methods (there's hundreds in YouTube, also interviews and debates) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qMAwnA5WvLc His foundation: http://www.sens.org/ His book https://www.amazon.com/Ending-Aging-Rejuvenation-Breakthroughs-Lifetime/dp/0312367074 submitted by /u/LazerEyesVR [link] [comments]

Do other properties like charge have a similar relationship to space-time as mass? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 11:46 AM PST Hypothetically, if you were able to concentrate a large amount of positive (or negative) charge, for example, would you observe space-time curvature that resembles what happens with large concentrations of mass? If not, would there be any other expected changes, and what is it that's "special" about mass in comparison to other similar scalar properties? submitted by /u/dark-eyes [link] [comments]

Is there any natural evidence of the higher dimensions or have we totally made the concept up? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 12:03 PM PST It makes sense (though I can barely comprehend it) and was wondering if there has been any real sitings of fourth dimensional objects or activity. I was thinking maybe in quantum level since I heard the physics there doesn't behave normally? submitted by /u/Gmoore5 [link] [comments]

Can you measure irrational numbers in real life? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 12:30 PM PST My roommate asked me this a couple minutes ago and we could not figure it out. She was looking at the kitchen floor tiles and wondering how the diagonal of the tile, assuming the tile is a 1x1 square, can be measured with a ruler if it is an irrational number (square root of 2). I believe that with a infinitely sensitive ruler, we could be able to measure it right. Is the reasoning correct? What are your thoughts scientists? Thanks submitted by /u/camparispritz [link] [comments]

Why do inductors become open circuits at high or "infinite" frequency? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 08:21 PM PST My understanding is that the frequency changing nearly instantaneously would essentially fry the inductor as it tries to resist change in current. So, is this correct and is there more to it? Or am I going in the wrong direction? submitted by /u/wowwowwubzzzzie [link] [comments]

What creates chaos in a dynamical, 4-body celestial system with zero total momentum? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 11:52 AM PST I've used a program called VPython to create a 4-body system in which the positions and velocities of the bodies are numerically integrated from the universal law of gravitation. Giving each body some initial momentum such that the total momentum is equal to zero, the simulation shows the bodies rotating in closed orbits of some kind about their combined center of mass. At some point, however, the system always destabilizes itself, and the orbits become chaotic. Does anybody know that might cause this? If not an error in the accuracy of the code, is this rooted in some aspect of chaos theory that I do not understand? Thank you for any help. submitted by /u/bobobob19 [link] [comments]

How do animals consciously control chromatophores? How do their brains interface with the cells? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 09:48 AM PST submitted by /u/Teslablade [link] [comments]

How much CO2 does the internet produce now? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 11:20 AM PST I've searched a bit for this question but i couldnt find an accurate description that seemed trusted AND is recent (i figured this changed a very lot last years) so i wonder how much CO2 or energy the internet uses globally in X amount of time. This is probablly a very hard question considering you could include or exclude production and use (eg charging) of hardware, keeping up servers, etc etc. Well i dont even know how to phrase this better but i think the question in general is clear :3 submitted by /u/ilcaput [link] [comments]

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Why are snowflakes flat?

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• Why are snowflakes flat?
• What factors determine the number of photons that need to hit a telescope (per second) for the light source to be seen?
• How do physical forces, such as gravity, of two objects solve their effects on each other simultaneously?
• If gravity waves squeeze/stretch spacetime then why isn't the wavelength of the light waves in LIGO affected in the same way as the length of the detector itself?
• What does it look like when a 4D object passes through our 3rd dimension?
• Does temperature change if you go faster?
• Why do liquids form a rough sphere when there is no gravity?
• How can you prove that a mathematical problem cannot be analytically solved?
• Why is a voltage produced in an Ussing chamber when two ions are flowing in opposite directions to eachother?
• In a closed container when heat is added the pressure changes, but volume, density, and mass stay the same, how?
• What are some possible causes for lithium depletion in the universe / solar system?
• How does the production of lactase decrease over time in individuals who are lactose intolerant?
• In transistor doping, how are boron and phosphorous inserted uniformly into the large chain/sheet of silicon?
• Why do laptop chargers need the blocky bit halfway down the cord?
• Is there an interpretation of the Advection Equations for Gravitational Potential in General Relativity?
• What is the exact reason to why tokamaks doesn't generate energy?
• Realistically (but pushing "framerate" and resolution to their expected limits), what is the smallest and fastest thing we can hope to ever "see" using any kind of microscope or similar instruments ? What are the different "limitation walls" we are poised to encounter ?
• What exactly is the relativistic mechanism that gives gold and caesium their golden colour?
• What is the purpose or function of DNA laddering when apoptosis is triggered in a human cell?
• Due to its proximity to the asteroid belt, how much more likely is Mars to suffer asteroid impacts, if at all?
• Spacecraft reentry is notoriously hot. Why doesn't the nose of a rocket experience that during launch, too?
• For what kind of signal does it hold true that its autocorrelation function at point zero is equal to zero?
• Why does sound travel faster through warmer than through colder air?
• What happens physically when crossing the Termination Shock?

Why are snowflakes flat? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 08:49 AM PST Why do snowflakes crystalize the way they do? Wouldn't it make more sense if snowflakes were 3-D? submitted by /u/TrailOfPears [link] [comments]

What factors determine the number of photons that need to hit a telescope (per second) for the light source to be seen? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 05:07 AM PST submitted by /u/myastrothrowaway [link] [comments]

How do physical forces, such as gravity, of two objects solve their effects on each other simultaneously? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 11:11 PM PST Say we have two objects in space orbiting each other and we want to understand how each object affects the other object. We can calculate the forces at a point in time by freezing the system and using those values in whatever equation we are using. This is how a computer simulation works, with each iteration the variables are consecutively calculated based on the current system state. In reality wouldn't the forces be instantly applied to the other object? submitted by /u/molotovtommy [link] [comments]

If gravity waves squeeze/stretch spacetime then why isn't the wavelength of the light waves in LIGO affected in the same way as the length of the detector itself? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 08:21 PM PST I'm not going to pretend that I have an significant understanding of GR, but what I don't understand is how the interference due to length change caused by gravity works. They always say that the gravity waves change the lengths of the arms in LIGO, and since they are perpendicular, as the waves pass through the destructive interference starts to break down since the two arms change differently and they see a signal. I just don't understand why if one of the arms of LIGO contracted as a wave passed through, the light traveling through that arm would not just be effected in a similar way. Shouldn't the gravity waves be effecting everything in space the same? What subtlety about light in GR am I missing here? submitted by /u/Trogossitidae [link] [comments]

What does it look like when a 4D object passes through our 3rd dimension? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 04:50 AM PST Just watched flatland, and found this part interesting: https://youtu.be/eyuNrm4VK2w?t=40m48s (you only have to watch like 15 secs) In that part of the movie, a 3d sphere passes through a 2 dimensional world. Are there any animations made in 3d where we could see what it looks like when a 4d object passes through our dimension? submitted by /u/Mastersofus [link] [comments]

Does temperature change if you go faster? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 03:34 AM PST When you go faster, time dilation increases. But when time dilation increases, molecules tend to move slower. when molecules move slower people say that the temperature has decreased. For the person that is travelling on high speed (80% of the speed of light) it's temperature is normal. But does his temperature differ for the persons that are standing still? submitted by /u/timvgr [link] [comments]

Why do liquids form a rough sphere when there is no gravity? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 09:47 PM PST Just watched a trailer for Passengers and saw the part where she was drowning in globs of water and it made me curious. submitted by /u/bigfrogiant95 [link] [comments]

How can you prove that a mathematical problem cannot be analytically solved? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 04:31 PM PST For example, some models in mechanical engineering or EM modelling, or some simple equations and integrals which are always computed numerically. How can you tell that some equation is fundamentally impossible to solve/derive by other means than computation/trial and error? submitted by /u/NeverFurious [link] [comments]

Why is a voltage produced in an Ussing chamber when two ions are flowing in opposite directions to eachother? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 04:45 AM PST I carried out this experiment at university the other week and I'm struggling to wrap my head around the concept. Imagine that one half-chamber contains a solution of 100mM KCl and 1mM NaCl, whilst the opposite half chamber contains a solution of 1mM KCl and 100mM NaCl. When we measured the potential difference, there was a voltage of 4.9mV. I don't understand why this happens if there are equal and opposite gradients of KCl and NaCl across the membrane, because surely the voltage should have 'cancelled out'? submitted by /u/justanumber1234 [link] [comments]

In a closed container when heat is added the pressure changes, but volume, density, and mass stay the same, how? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 07:16 PM PST How exactly can pressure change if density stays the same? submitted by /u/Calidude7 [link] [comments]

What are some possible causes for lithium depletion in the universe / solar system? Posted: 04 Dec 2016 02:55 AM PST As can be seen in this gif, the abundance of elements drops at lithium (Li), remains low at beryllium (Be), and picks up again after boron (B). I know that solar fusion in the core produces heavier and heavier elements. So one would expect the zig-zag pattern to remain while decreasing as the atomic number increases. Li, Be, and B should have higher abundances based on this. Apparently, some gravitational mechanism of stars may be behind depletion of trace amounts of Li, but not nearly enough to account for this discrepancy. A physics professor mentioned something about cosmic rays being the cause, while an online article (I forgot the source) mentioned that some yet-to-be-discovered particle physics is the cause. I don't understand how either of these could be the cause. And if there are other causes of lithium depletion, I'm curious about those as well. submitted by /u/mmmikeyyy [link] [comments]

How does the production of lactase decrease over time in individuals who are lactose intolerant? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 12:15 PM PST I know that lactase production decreases because humans used to not require lactase after they were weaned, but how exactly does the body go about downregulating this genes (LCT via MCM6 I believe)? submitted by /u/Beor_of_Beleriand [link] [comments]

In transistor doping, how are boron and phosphorous inserted uniformly into the large chain/sheet of silicon? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 01:32 PM PST Also, how are so many transistors printed in such a short amount of time? Nowadays there are billions of transistors on a processor. But each one is a separate unit, right? How are so many printed while still all being able to function distinctly and correctly? submitted by /u/AyyBodyFrizzesAlone [link] [comments]

Why do laptop chargers need the blocky bit halfway down the cord? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 08:58 AM PST submitted by /u/EdgyZigzagoon [link] [comments]

Is there an interpretation of the Advection Equations for Gravitational Potential in General Relativity? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 02:29 PM PST I was working with the Wave Equation form of gravitational potential in General Relativity, in which the vacuum form of the Einstein field equations gives (I believe) (d/dt)2I - c2 ΔI = 0 where I represents gravitational potential. Exploring the properties of this operation, you can see that [ (d/dt)2 - c2 Δ ]I = 0 [ (d/dt)2 - c2 ∇•∇ ]I = 0 [ (d/dt) + c∇ ]•[ (d/dt) - c∇ ] = 0 (d/dt) + c∇ = 0 -or- (d/dt) - c∇ = 0 Which apparently make up the advection equations. I've never been a physics student so I'm not sure what these advection equations mean exactly. Wikipedia explains that "Advection is the transport of a substance. The properties of that substance are carried with it." Does this have meaning in GR? Is there a "substance" being transported away, as in gravitational radiation? Please excuse my ignorance - this is far from my main field of study (I'm a statistician). Edit: I'm specifically trying to understand gravitational waves and their relation to gravitational radiation. I noticed this today when I was researching the (weak field limit) Einstein Field Equations and couldn't find any further information on this topic. Edit edit: when I say "gravitational radiation" I mean the loss of mass/energy/momentum in a system through the propagation of gravitational waves. I'm trying to understand how the waves signal an inherent loss of such quantities. submitted by /u/The_Sodomeister [link] [comments]

What is the exact reason to why tokamaks doesn't generate energy? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 08:46 AM PST I couldn't find a clear answer online to this answer, so I figured I would post it here. What is the exact reason to why tokamaks (or any magnetically confined reactor) doesn't work? I know it takes a lot of energy to heat the plasma and to contain it, and that we can only do that for short periods of time. But what is the limiting factor? What step do we need to overcome to make fusion reactors produce energy? I'd be thankful if you included sources! submitted by /u/Chasar1 [link] [comments]

Realistically (but pushing "framerate" and resolution to their expected limits), what is the smallest and fastest thing we can hope to ever "see" using any kind of microscope or similar instruments ? What are the different "limitation walls" we are poised to encounter ? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 09:41 AM PST For context, i ask this question after seeing this gif in r/chemicalreactiongifs, that piqued my curiosity. It is a video of two gold nanoparticles merging together while imaged by an electron microscope.   So, provided we improve existing technology and push it to its theoretical limits: What is the best resolution we can ever hope to achieve ? What is the highest "framerate" we can ever hope to achieve at these tiny scales ? As a bonus question: are new microscopy techniques investigated to go beyond expected limits of current instruments ?   Thanks ! submitted by /u/Keuwa [link] [comments]

What exactly is the relativistic mechanism that gives gold and caesium their golden colour? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 10:51 AM PST In heavier atoms, the inner 1s electrons have speeds such that relativistic effects cannot be ignored. How does this affect the atoms' orbitals? And why not all heavy elements display obvious bizarre properties like, for example, the golden colour? Between gold and caesium there are several elements, and I never heard of anything relativistic-related happening to their properties. Thanks in advance for your replies! submitted by /u/Lichewitz [link] [comments]

What is the purpose or function of DNA laddering when apoptosis is triggered in a human cell? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 12:04 PM PST In my biochemistry class we are learning about the process of apoptosis. In the intrinsic apoptosis pathway, cytochrome c is released into the cytosol from the mitochondria, along with other proteins like apoptosis inducing factor (AIF). We learned that AIF goes into the nucelus to trigger DNA laddering, but what is the actual purpose or function of the laddering? Cytochrome c is already triggering a caspase cascade to cause apoptosis. I know it is helpful for scientists to recognize whether a cell has undergone apoptosis or necrosis, but is there a physiological purpose for the laddering? submitted by /u/Godoffail [link] [comments]

Due to its proximity to the asteroid belt, how much more likely is Mars to suffer asteroid impacts, if at all? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 10:29 AM PST Due to its proximity to the asteroid belt, how much more likely is Mars to suffer asteroid impacts, if at all? What are the odds of us having to 'reseed' any possible future colony? I was watching a video of asteroid collisions, followed by one about Mars colonization, and it made me think of this. submitted by /u/buckfutter35 [link] [comments]

Spacecraft reentry is notoriously hot. Why doesn't the nose of a rocket experience that during launch, too? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 09:19 AM PST Isn't it going just as fast to reach orbit, as when returning from that orbit? submitted by /u/myself248 [link] [comments]

For what kind of signal does it hold true that its autocorrelation function at point zero is equal to zero? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 11:12 AM PST Hello, this is a quick little question from a test in my signals and systems class: What kind of signal is f(t) if R_f(0)=0? I thought the signal has to be f=0 due to how the math works out but apparently that's either not true or only partly true. Is it because constant signal isn't really periodic and the equation doesn't hold true for it? Anyways if its true that f=0 is the wrong answer, I suspect maybe the answer is "there is no such signal"? Thanks. submitted by /u/Ov3rpowered [link] [comments]

Why does sound travel faster through warmer than through colder air? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 10:36 AM PST submitted by /u/mormotomyia [link] [comments]

What happens physically when crossing the Termination Shock? Posted: 03 Dec 2016 09:36 AM PST So, at the Termination Shock, the bubble of solar wind plasma slows down, making it dense and hot. How did the Voyager 1 and 2 cope with this? How hot does it get? I may be uneducated on some crucial law of physics that clearly states how this doesn't matter, but I'm trying to wrap my head around the idea. Thank you, /r/askscience! submitted by /u/Username_Chex_Mix [link] [comments]

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On a biomolecular level, what does it actually mean when someone has a "good" immune system instead of a "bad" one?

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• On a biomolecular level, what does it actually mean when someone has a "good" immune system instead of a "bad" one?
• How can thunderstorms trigger asthma attacks, such as the recent phenomenon in Melbourne, AUS?
• Why don't we use heavier elements to attempt fusion reactions instead of H2/H3 isotopes? Have people tried to use heavier elements before?
• Why wasn't Northeastern Siberia covered by a continental-scale ice sheet during the last glacial period?
• Does a lightning strike create a magnetic field around it for a short amount of time?
• If energy were no object, what are some scaleable ways to pull CO2 out of the air and bind it to some solid?
• Can light reflect light (can photons bounce off of each other)?
• Why is the electric flux through a closed surface zero?
• Would a planet with a sun that was always stationary in the sky be possible?
• Why does a high voltage transformer vibrate?
• How much faster does broadband need to get before offloading some real-time CPU tasks to a powerful cloud computing center becomes efficient? How about GPU tasks?
• how do lakes and landlocked seas get populated with aquatic life?
• "Quantumly entangled particles don't violate special relativity as you can't transmit information." Can someone explain how knowing the spin on an electron a million light years away is not information?
• How is it possible for two bottles in the same place to be 100% water and 100% ice respectively?
• So if you can't take the logarithm of a negative number, then why does e^pi * i equal to -1?
• Has Australia ever been green and lush? When was the last time?
• Do cats see holographic materials the same way humans do?
• If a neutrino has mass, what determines their handedness if we're in the neutrino's reference frame?
• Is it feasible to send nuclear waste into space?
• What is the relationship of COD to VFA and Alkalinity in terms of primary sludge concentrations?
• How widely is true randomness used?
• When an s-orbital electron gets excited to an sp3 hybridised orbital, why does its spin orientation change?

On a biomolecular level, what does it actually mean when someone has a "good" immune system instead of a "bad" one? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 07:23 AM PST Does it mean that your body can detect lower concentration levels of pathogens in the body, in more places, and mount a response faster? Does it mean your body can produce more white blood cells? That your body is more energy efficient in doing so? Causes less severe symptoms in doing so?... submitted by /u/Bellgard [link] [comments]

How can thunderstorms trigger asthma attacks, such as the recent phenomenon in Melbourne, AUS? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 07:15 AM PST In Melbourne, 8 people so far have died from what is being dubbed 'thunderstorm asthma', and a friend of mine had a severe attack, despite having never displayed any symptoms previously. I'm wondering what the actual mechanism is that causes a weather storm to trigger violent asthma attacks? submitted by /u/IncarceratedMascot [link] [comments]

Why don't we use heavier elements to attempt fusion reactions instead of H2/H3 isotopes? Have people tried to use heavier elements before? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 07:51 AM PST submitted by /u/korzin [link] [comments]

Why wasn't Northeastern Siberia covered by a continental-scale ice sheet during the last glacial period? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 06:22 PM PST North America was certainly covered, as was northern Europe. Why was Siberia not the same? submitted by /u/Tired8281 [link] [comments]

Does a lightning strike create a magnetic field around it for a short amount of time? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 11:04 AM PST Just an interesting thing that popped in my head today, who better to ask than this sub! submitted by /u/friendlychewbacca [link] [comments]

If energy were no object, what are some scaleable ways to pull CO2 out of the air and bind it to some solid? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 11:31 AM PST Many people are approaching the carbon sequestration problem as something that has to be low-energy. I suspect we will enter an era where the CO2 will have to be extracted from the air regardless of the energy costs. In essence, terraforming. So let's suppose we had a nuclear power plant with its energy output devoted entirely to removing CO2 from the air and then chemically binding it with calcium or some other element to permanently bind the carbon in a solid form. Ideally the solid would have commercial value. Or perhaps it could just be dumped in blocks to the bottom of the sea. What are some ways that carbon could be bound up with, say, 500 megawatts of power? submitted by /u/farkdog [link] [comments]

Can light reflect light (can photons bounce off of each other)? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 03:03 PM PST Can photos collide with other photons, and if so, what happens? Will they merge, or will one or both be reflected in some direction? submitted by /u/NominalCaboose [link] [comments]

Why is the electric flux through a closed surface zero? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 09:32 PM PST This makes sense to me if the field lines were constant over the entire object, but we know that the field strength drops as 1/r2 (at least for a point charge) . I'm aware of Gauss's law and how it would be easy to say "No charge enclosed, no flux." However, I'm lost intuitionally. For example, let's say I have a point charge directly outside of a cube and for simplicity, I'll only consider field lines who are perpendicular to two surfaces of the cube. Electric field lines would first pierce the entry wall of the cube at a distance we'll call R1. Then, after some distance, say R2, the field lines pierce the exit wall and continues on. Since the net flux is the difference of the flux over these surfaces, and the field strength is stronger at R1 than it is at R2, how can the net flux be zero? Or do I have this wrong? submitted by /u/Vincen44 [link] [comments]

Would a planet with a sun that was always stationary in the sky be possible? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 10:46 AM PST I had a dream a few nights ago about a planet where the sun didn't move across the sky as time went by. When I woke up, I did a few sketches to try and work out if it was possible and I ended up figuring out that if a planet completed a 360 turn, exactly as it reached the start point of a circular orbit (i.e 1 year), that at a given point on that planet, the sun would appear at the same point in the sky, no matter the hour, day or month. Could this be at all accurate? Also, if yes, I realise that most planets orbits are elliptical, would the same situation, of a point on the planet's surface, constantly facing the sun at the same angle, be possible? Thanks for taking the time to read this badly worded post, I appreciate any responses! submitted by /u/MC_Sangan [link] [comments]

Why does a high voltage transformer vibrate? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 08:53 PM PST Is it the electrons cumulative movement or is there something else going on? submitted by /u/Hyperion626 [link] [comments]

How much faster does broadband need to get before offloading some real-time CPU tasks to a powerful cloud computing center becomes efficient? How about GPU tasks? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 07:41 PM PST So as most everyone in technology forecasting had predicted it seems that we are now well into a technological era in which internet connections are fast enough (and supporting hardware cheap enough) to allow for widespread, efficient usage of cloud storage services. Even the slowest of our connected devices are quick enough to make offloading some of the burden of storing ever increasingly large files to dedicated systems where the only concern is maximizing storage, allowing our devices to focus on being ever better at their designed purpose - free of some of the storage burden. The logical next step would be utilizing the network to again trade bandwidth for performance by offloading processing tasks. But how fast will our networks have to be to do this? And how long will it take us? How much bandwidth would be needed in order for "cloud CPU cores" to become a reality, offering on demand performance multiplications over the internet? What about for 'cloud GPU' tasks whereby game rendering could be largely delegated to a cloud data center? Resubmitted, I forgot to flair last time! submitted by /u/NahAnyway [link] [comments]

how do lakes and landlocked seas get populated with aquatic life? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 10:49 AM PST submitted by /u/mshashiOman [link] [comments]

"Quantumly entangled particles don't violate special relativity as you can't transmit information." Can someone explain how knowing the spin on an electron a million light years away is not information? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 10:41 AM PST It's also possible the quote is wrong! submitted by /u/Xaphoon [link] [comments]

How is it possible for two bottles in the same place to be 100% water and 100% ice respectively? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 11:33 AM PST Last night I opened up my fridge and noticed something odd on the top shelf. I had two unopened bottles of water there, and they had been there for several months while I was out of the country. One of those bottles was filled with 100% liquid water, the other 100% solid ice. http://i.imgur.com/lKgrHRBh.jpg I speculated that perhaps this was due to their location in the fridge--IE the frozen bottle was slightly cooler--so I switched their positions. Today (14 hours later) the same bottle is frozen as it was last night with no sign of thawing. Both bottles are approximately the same size and should contain approximately the same contents. Any ideas? submitted by /u/Sly_Lupin [link] [comments]

So if you can't take the logarithm of a negative number, then why does e^pi * i equal to -1? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 05:13 PM PST Was messing around on my calculator today and found that epi*i = -1. So that means that the natural log of -1 is ~3.14i. I thought that the logarithm of a negative number is undefined, so how does this work? submitted by /u/PM_ME_LAMB_R34 [link] [comments]

Has Australia ever been green and lush? When was the last time? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 04:30 AM PST I read about "Green Sahara" and the last time there was no big desert in Africa and the middle east (during the neolithic subpluvial), and that got me thinking, has Australia ever been green and lush? If so, when was the last time? submitted by /u/Arknell [link] [comments]

Do cats see holographic materials the same way humans do? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 08:04 AM PST For example, would they be able to see any difference in iridescent/holographic paper compared to plain paper? submitted by /u/obliviousatbest98 [link] [comments]

If a neutrino has mass, what determines their handedness if we're in the neutrino's reference frame? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 11:58 AM PST Since they're Majorana particles their spin only determines if we have a neutrino or anti-neutrino. The super position of chiral states can be manipulated depending on the helicity of the neutrino. If we're in the neutrino's reference frame is the handedness just a superposition of chiral states with equal contributions?i.e. 50% change it is right-handed, 50% chance it is left-handed submitted by /u/BAOUBA [link] [comments]

Is it feasible to send nuclear waste into space? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 12:21 PM PST One of the biggest problems with nuclear power is the the radioactive waste it produces. Instead of sealing it away underground and waiting for it to decay, is it possible to instead use rockets to send it away from earth and out into the solar system? submitted by /u/Master_Iridus [link] [comments]

What is the relationship of COD to VFA and Alkalinity in terms of primary sludge concentrations? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 06:16 AM PST Hi, I did a three-point titration on a centrifuged sample of primary sludge as part of a weekly data collection system and I usually only calculate VFA and alkalinity in Excel, but my supervisor recently asked me to start recording the COD of the sludge as well. I was just wanting to ask what the relationship of this is to the other, and how does this impact VFA/Alk? Thank you! submitted by /u/Tsunderellah [link] [comments]

How widely is true randomness used? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 11:43 AM PST I read somewhere that most random numbers are generated with a formula or a "seed." Is it possible to obtain true randomness? And if so, how proliferated is it? submitted by /u/Txyaos [link] [comments]

When an s-orbital electron gets excited to an sp3 hybridised orbital, why does its spin orientation change? Posted: 02 Dec 2016 05:21 AM PST During orbital hybridisation, when the electrons from the 2s2 orbital get excited to the higher energy orbital sp3 why does one of the electron's spin orientation change? Does an electron's spin always change when it moves to a higher energy state? If so, why didn't the other electron in the 2s2 orbital change? submitted by /u/Celestial_Tribunal [link] [comments]

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