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Saturday, November 26, 2016

If you point your phone camera at an IR LED (like in a TV remote) it is visible but why does it show up as blue/purple rather than red?

If you point your phone camera at an IR LED (like in a TV remote) it is visible but why does it show up as blue/purple rather than red?


If you point your phone camera at an IR LED (like in a TV remote) it is visible but why does it show up as blue/purple rather than red?

Posted: 25 Nov 2016 09:54 AM PST

Where does the kinetic energy go here?

Posted: 26 Nov 2016 06:25 AM PST

Imagine you and your buddy Neil Armstrong are in space. You both see a bunch of objects of different sizes and at different distances moving towards your direction, all of them around the same speed. From your frame you calculate the kinetic energy of all this particles.

Then Neil pushes you while grabbing the spaceship, giving you the same speed and direction as this particles. From your new frame of reference all this stuff is standing still. The kinetic energy you can measure now is from the spaceship and from Neil which is less than the original.

What happened with the energy? Where does it go? Or is energy relative?

...You then remember Neil has just double-crossed you and curse him at the top of your lounges while you descend into deep space

submitted by /u/clumsywatch
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What is the brigthest planet as seen from another planet?

Posted: 26 Nov 2016 03:14 AM PST

I know that venus is the brigthest planet as seen from earth, but aside from the Sun and moons, can more brigth celestial objects be seen from other planets?

I know few things that come into account when calculating this

-Planets distance from the sun

-Distance of planets between each other

-Size of the planet

-Reflectivesness of the planet

-Possible relative allingments of the 2 planets and the Sun

But its way above me to put all of them together.

submitted by /u/empire314
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Why do tires on cars when doing a burnout give white smoke, but a pile of tires burns black?

Posted: 26 Nov 2016 04:47 AM PST

When a pair matter-antimatter is formed, why does it annihillates itself instead of just sticking together?

Posted: 26 Nov 2016 06:05 AM PST

Why are most all of the world's deserts sandy?

Posted: 25 Nov 2016 09:25 PM PST

Obviously when things like all of Antarctica are classified as a desert, not every single one is covered in sand. But I'm curious as to why this seems to be the case - or if this is even the case at all.

submitted by /u/LetterToMySO
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Do 15 year old dogs get cancer at rates similar to 15 year old humans, or to humans at a similar point on their lifespan?

Posted: 26 Nov 2016 07:12 AM PST

How can we differentiate so many simultaneous sounds?

Posted: 26 Nov 2016 07:11 AM PST

So I understand that sound waves are vibrations in a medium; for example, a drum sends a wave of energy through the air that eventually vibrates the air molecules next to my ear drum, which is then translated into a recognisable sound by my brain, as opposed to actual air molecules next to the drum being moved all the way over to me. But if I'm listening to a band and all the instruments are vibrating that same extremely limited number of air molecules inside my ear canal, how is it that I can differentiate which sound is which?

submitted by /u/duetschlandftw
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What property of a charged particle causes the charge?

Posted: 26 Nov 2016 06:54 AM PST

In other words, what is charge? What causes us to say; "Well okay, an electron has a negative charge and a proton a positive charge."

submitted by /u/imRobert7
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Why do some species have such enormous individual variation while others look pretty much all the same?

Posted: 26 Nov 2016 06:01 AM PST

Common Buzzards Buteo buteo for example have huge difference in colouring despite being the same species and subspecies, and there being no apparent geographic component to the variation. Two Buzzards in the same field can look so different a layperson wouldn't even think they're the same species. Yellow Wagtails Montacilla flava are known for having a large number of subspecies which all look different but are still considered the same species, here you can see that the different subspecies come from different places, indicating that the variation is a result of geographic distribution differences. In many cases it is possible to differentiate between a Yellow Wagtail from the Iberian peninsula from one from Italy from one from Sweden, for example, based on the way it looks alone. Osprey Pandion haliaetus however is one of the most widespread bird species in the world, but one from North America looks pretty much identical to one from Europe. What gives?

submitted by /u/YoSoyUnPayaso
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What would happen if someone was placed inside a giant hollow cube with gravity being exerted uniformly by all 6 walls?

Posted: 26 Nov 2016 05:21 AM PST

Would the uniform gravity from all sides of the cube cancel out and result in zero-gravity? Assuming that the experimenter is placed at the center of the cube, with the pull of gravity being equal from all sides.

submitted by /u/TheFlyingSultan
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[Biology] What makes nucleic acids unique?

Posted: 25 Nov 2016 10:02 PM PST

What makes nucleic acids so different from all other biomolecules? How have they evolved so differently from the rest of the biomolecules?

submitted by /u/Artappa
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Why does our tiny lump of rock that is Earth have so many different elements?

Posted: 26 Nov 2016 07:15 AM PST

It seems so unlikely, that our planet, which in the grand scale of the Universe is so tiny, that there is some of every single known element present. Surely it would be much more likely for a planet to consist of a few core elements? Does our variety of elements say anything about how our planet may have formed?

submitted by /u/sim_sayer
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Why do our pupils dilate when we get concussions?

Posted: 26 Nov 2016 07:11 AM PST

Is it evolutionary to let us know we have a concussion or is it a true symptom?

submitted by /u/XGX787
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Is there any chance the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) poses any threat to the scientists who work with it, or at all to other humans and animals?

Posted: 25 Nov 2016 07:32 PM PST

With the Large Hadron Collider being a powerful particle accelerator, is there any evidence of the scientists working on it suffering from any cancers or the like?

Could those atoms being accelerated veer off course and escape from the LHC?

submitted by /u/SpartanOfThePast
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Why do some smells (garlic, smoke, etc.) "stick" to skin/clothes more than others?

Posted: 26 Nov 2016 06:33 AM PST

Why did humans start wearing clothes?

Posted: 26 Nov 2016 05:27 AM PST

So I'm curious as to why humans evolved "out of" their fur and into clothes.

submitted by /u/eprosmith
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Would having a stronger core affect childbirth?

Posted: 26 Nov 2016 05:27 AM PST

Would having great core strength prior to becoming pregnant and then maintaining this strength (somewhat) ease childbirth/make it quicker/easier?

submitted by /u/styrofoam_nun_
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How to calculate Bessel function and its constants?

Posted: 26 Nov 2016 04:23 AM PST

My understanding is the equation y'' + 1/x y' +(m2 - a2 / x2 )y = 0 would have the solution y = C1 J1 (mx) + C2 j2 (mx)

But how to determine the Bessel functions J1, J2 and their corresponding constants C1 and C2?

Thank you!!!!

submitted by /u/mech210
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Do the constellations we see on Earth look the same from Mars?

Posted: 25 Nov 2016 05:15 PM PST

Since Chickenpox is a virus, doesn't stay in your system forever? If so, why don't children of adults who have had the virus immune to it?

Posted: 25 Nov 2016 11:30 PM PST

I'm under the assumption almost everybody eventually get chickenpox, most during their younger years. But if your parents (or even just your mother) have had it, why aren't you immune to it?

EDIT: "why AREN'T children of adults..."

submitted by /u/BambooGamer
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Why do English speakers pick up the accent of other English speakers if they're around them long enough, and does the same thing happen in other languages?

Posted: 25 Nov 2016 10:51 PM PST

Why is it that the range of any given force tends to be inversely proportional to the mass of the particle transmitting it?

Posted: 25 Nov 2016 05:36 PM PST

Friday, November 25, 2016

How does radio stations transmit the name of the song currently broadcasted?

How does radio stations transmit the name of the song currently broadcasted?


How does radio stations transmit the name of the song currently broadcasted?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 08:21 AM PST

Just noticed that my car audio system displays the name of the FM radio station, the song being played and its genre. The song/singer name updated when the song changes. How is this being broadcasted? Radio waves can include this information also?

EDIT: Thanks for all the answers! Learnt something new :)

submitted by /u/pfc_homeuser
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If you explain 3^2 as three multiplied by itself twice, how do you explain 3^-1 using the same language convention?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 07:32 PM PST

E.g 32 = 3 x 3

31 = 3

31 = 1/3

As in, you can explain positive powers by saying the base multiplied by itself x number of times. But how do you explain negative exponents in the same way? Can you even? 3-2 isn't 3 x itself negative 2 times, it's just 1/32.

How do you explain this using language?

Source: A friend asked me this, had no idea.

submitted by /u/juicy_cantaloupe
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How are inertial confinement fusion reactors fueled?

Posted: 25 Nov 2016 03:34 AM PST

I saw this comment from u/tminus7700 in a previous r/askreddit post:

You just shoot the pellets machine gun style into the chamber and fire whatever energy to light them off as they arrive at the focal point.

I tried to research further, but I didn't find anything on Google with the keywords "Inertial confinement fusion machine gun".

If you want to use an inertial confinement reactor efficiently you want a method to refuel it without depressurising the reactor chamber to place the pellet.

Anyone willing to provide further information? Thanks

submitted by /u/Chasar1
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Shouldn't time dilation be symmetric so that earth observers see an astronaut's 'clock' as running slower and vice versa? Why then, would the astronaut come back as younger if the effect is symmetrical?

Posted: 25 Nov 2016 02:49 AM PST

Just learning special relativity for the first time in class, and I don't really get this.

submitted by /u/coolamebe
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Does most oceanic life live close to the coast?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 10:01 AM PST

What does the distribution of biomass in the ocean look like?

submitted by /u/shoplifter9003
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When does a bullet reach its maximum velocity?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 03:29 PM PST

I was wasting my time on youtube watching gun videos and this got me thinking. The bullet has to reach Vmax from standstill in some time, then is slows down due to air drag. It should be somewhere in the barrell, but is there a way to know when and where? Also is this related to the force the gun kicks back with?

submitted by /u/Dredddddd
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How can some filters/membranes be permeable to liquid but not permeable to gas who's particles are no where near the MCOW?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 08:54 AM PST

How do organisms that reproduce offspring asexually determine when to reproduce?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 02:07 PM PST

With the advancements in technology in recent years, why does it seem that radio signals and the strength of signals have appeared to stay the same?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 06:51 PM PST

I ask this because when I drive the truck for my work I listen to the radio, but when I get into the city it seems that the strength of the signal weakens and when I go in the tunnels it vanishes. This happens to all but two stations and most of the stations are within 10-25 miles to the city.

Is it cause the city can cause the signals to weaken? Or do other stations using similar frequencies that can cause this to happen? Or is it a combination of things?

submitted by /u/UncleBen94
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Does the heat produced by combustion engines have an effect on Earth's temperature?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 07:44 PM PST

Over Thanksgiving dinner my father and I were discussing climate change and the topic of heat generation came up. His argument is that since fossil fuels are essentially stored thermal energy, burning them is releasing that energy.

A quick calculation says that all the cars in America produce enough heat each year to raise Lake Michigan's temperature by one degree Fahrenheit. So that energy has to go somewhere.

I think he's missing something since we only hear about the effects of the chemical waste of engines and not the thermal waste.

submitted by /u/PiLamdOd
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Why Radar systems need wide bandwidth? Is it because of the resolution?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 05:10 PM PST

What chemical reactions are behind DNA replication?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 05:17 PM PST

So I found this GIF and I was wondering what causes these things to move in an orderly fashion

submitted by /u/notam0derator
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Is the false vacuum theory a common theory in the scientific world ?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 12:59 PM PST

So today I learned of the existence of this theory, and from what I understood, in a very simple version it basically says that our universe as we perceive it is similar to a bubble and can suddenly burst at any moment, right ? Is this a widespread theory ? If so, what are the things blocking scientists to make advances to prove it, and if not, what are the things that "discredit" it ?

submitted by /u/Kounro
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Is there any substitute to the Hohmann transfer?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 02:54 PM PST

If there is one, how is it called and how does it work then?

submitted by /u/Wakka2462
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Why doesn't Raoult's Law depend on the chemical nature of solute?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 11:15 AM PST

According to Raoult's Law, dissolving a solute into a solvent decreases the saturation vapor pressure. Being a colligative property, it doesn't matter what the chemical nature of the solute is, only how much there is.

However we know that things like melting point and saturation vapor pressure (and by extension boiling point) depend on the strength of intermolecular forces. We say that a compound with stronger intermolecular forces has a lower saturation vapor pressure (i.e., is less volatile).

My Question: If the solute being added to the solution causes there to be stronger intermolecular interactions, wouldn't this cause a lowering in saturation vapor pressure? If so, then the claim that Raoult's Law doesn't depend on the chemical nature of the solute is untrue.

Can someone help me untangle this?


TLDR: If saturation vapor pressure is defined by strength of intermolecular forces, why does dissolving a solute into a solvent lower saturation vapor pressure regardless of its chemical properties when we know for a fact that different solutes have different strengths of intermolecular forces with the solvent?

submitted by /u/NewToUni
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Why does the polynomial x^5 - x + 1 = 0 have no exact solution?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 10:07 AM PST

I just saw this old Vihart video that mentioned the fact that this polynomial only has an approximate solution, not an exact one. However, when I rearrange the equation into x4 - 1 = -1/x and graph the two individual functions (you can use this online graphing calculator to see), the "approximate" solution of -1.167... is where these two functions cross. Since they are both continuous, differentiable, and cross at this point, why is this only an approximate solution?

submitted by /u/thomprya
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Does receptor downregulation change depending on the frequency of doses?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 11:20 AM PST

In receptors that get downregulated through agonist application (I understand not all receptors do this). Does giving 6 days 100 mMol (for example) produce the same effect as day 1+ 4 300 mMol. If it doesn't, do we know why? -Dagl

submitted by /u/Dagl1
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Is it possible to make a database where the owner cannot modify information on it?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 02:55 PM PST

Recent events piqued my curiosity as to if it's possible to encrypt something so as to prevent someone from manipulating the contents in a predictable manner, while still being able to create new content and view it.

Is this possible to do at all? Is it practical to do for your average website, like Reddit?

submitted by /u/Pseudoboss11
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How did Descartes' and Fermat's Analytical Geometry help the development of Newton's and Leibniz's Calculus?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 06:43 AM PST

How does crossing over "cleanse" chromosomes of mutations?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 09:46 AM PST

This (really) neat article on white-throated sparrow genetics mentions that mutations accumulate when crossing over does not occur. I'm a little rusty on my molecular bio/genetics and was wondering if someone could enlighten me on how crossing over gets rid of mutations. Thanks.

submitted by /u/mynamenope
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Thursday, November 24, 2016

What environmental impacts would a border wall between the United States and Mexico cause?

What environmental impacts would a border wall between the United States and Mexico cause?


What environmental impacts would a border wall between the United States and Mexico cause?

Posted: 23 Nov 2016 11:00 AM PST

Why isn't the Sun Blue?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 01:53 AM PST

The Sun has a surface temperature of about 6,000 kelvins, and to my knowledge, two things are happening when fire is blue:

  • The flame is very hot.
  • It is gas molecules that are glowing rather than pieces of soot. Very hot gas molecules glow blue.
submitted by /u/Hamlock1998
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If Earth is twice the size of Mars, then why are we able to see Mars as a bright star from Earth, but in all the pictures of Earth from Mars, Earth appears as a tiny dot and not twice as large?

Posted: 23 Nov 2016 09:48 PM PST

Mathematically speaking, is there anything special about three spatial dimensions?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 12:10 AM PST

Are there any quirky symmetries or other mathematical properties that are unique to R3, beyond the readily perceptible?

submitted by /u/pequotlibrary
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Are babies born with gut flora or do they get them overtime from eating food?

Posted: 23 Nov 2016 06:41 PM PST

Why is the James Webb Space Telescope being launched from French Guiana?

Posted: 23 Nov 2016 03:47 PM PST

Why is it advantageous to be closer to the equator for launch?

submitted by /u/benji_miller
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What happens if I take an ant and drop it far away from it's trail? Can it find its way back to its colony?

Posted: 23 Nov 2016 04:32 PM PST

[Engineering] If fusion power is the holy grail of renewable energy, what is the holy grail of battery technology?

Posted: 23 Nov 2016 10:55 AM PST

To be more specific, scientists know that fusion exists and are trying to develop technology to harness its vast amounts of power. Is there a similar "holy grail" with battery tech that engineers and scientists are working towards that would revolutionize energy storage?

submitted by /u/ButtersStotch88
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Can electric propulsion be used to launch rockets into space?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 04:12 AM PST

I've been looking at the differences between chemical engines and electric propulsion (EP) engines for rockets. Whilst the EP engines work well in space they don't seem to have enough thrust to launch a rocket into space and completely replace chemical engines. Does anyone know if this has been done or could possibly be done with the technology we have now?

submitted by /u/theguywiththebowtie
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Does electromagnetic shield block all forms of radio waves?

Posted: 23 Nov 2016 01:02 PM PST

For example if I was in a room that was RF shielded, does that mean that a ham radio, CB radio, my cellphone, a 5 year old cellphone, wifi, data, location services, my GPS would all stop working? Or does it only prevent one band?

submitted by /u/ttrellion
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Why is Iron more stable than Nickel even though it has a lower binding energy per nucleon?

Posted: 23 Nov 2016 11:48 AM PST

Im studying nuclear physics in school and we were looking at the binding energy per nucleon graph. The element becomes more stable as the binding energy per nucleon increases. So from the graph you can see that smaller elements carry out fusion, and larger elements fission, in order to become more stable. We were told that iron is the most stable element, however nickel has a higher binding energy per nucleon. Why is Iron more stable?

submitted by /u/RavernousPenguin
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What happens in the rest frame of a particle that is causing Cherenkov radiation?

Posted: 23 Nov 2016 11:01 AM PST

I understand that Cherenkov radiation is what happens when a charged particle in a medium exceeds the local speed of light (not c). What does this look like in that particle's rest frame? Are the photons travelling backwards?

submitted by /u/gatherinfer
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Can we track tectonic movements to predict what the plates will look like in the future? If so, what will they look like?

Posted: 23 Nov 2016 03:23 PM PST

Are there any naturally-occurring large-scale organic materials that don't decompose?

Posted: 23 Nov 2016 05:33 PM PST

I know that in the Carboniferous, the ability to digest lignin hadn't been evolved yet, and that contributed to the vast coal beds laid down at the time.

Are there any such organic digestive dead-ends in contemporary times? I know that many plastics are indigestible, but they're man-made. Crude oil is by-and-large indigestible (I believe some specialized bacteria can actually digest it).

Thanks in advance!

submitted by /u/whythecynic
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Why is there Kilometer,Kilobyte,Kilogram and more but no Megameter or Gigameter? And if they exist why are they almoust never used?

Posted: 24 Nov 2016 04:40 AM PST

What does it mean for something to be a semi-stochastic process as opposed to a stochastic process?

Posted: 23 Nov 2016 05:22 PM PST

Are people born with different pain tolerance levels, or is that a learned thing?

Posted: 23 Nov 2016 01:29 PM PST

Do all babies experience pain at the same levels, and over time, some people have experiences (whether sought after or not) that increase pain tolerance? Or are some babies born with higher tolerances for pain and that continues through their life?

submitted by /u/lahimatoa
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Does a computer monitor consume energy at different levels depending on the color of the items being displayed?

Posted: 23 Nov 2016 11:48 AM PST

Basically, I'm wondering if a monitor displaying bright, white colors most of the time will consume more energy than one displaying mostly dark colors. Assuming all else being equal, of course.

submitted by /u/jikki-san
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Why doesn't flat seltzer / club soda taste like plain water again?

Posted: 23 Nov 2016 08:35 AM PST

It continues to taste different / seltzer-y.

submitted by /u/TrojanBunny
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How can 70% of our bodies be water if we have skin, and organs, and bones, etc?

Posted: 23 Nov 2016 06:01 PM PST

What happened directly after the impact that caused the "Meteor Crater" in Arizona, and what long term effects did it have on the region or Earth?

Posted: 23 Nov 2016 04:36 PM PST

Is a sour taste the opposite of sweet one?

Posted: 23 Nov 2016 04:12 PM PST

Is sour just the absence of sweet or are they completely different?

submitted by /u/LogLauncher
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