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Friday, April 29, 2016

Can a flammable gas ignite merely by increasing its temperature (without a flame)?

Can a flammable gas ignite merely by increasing its temperature (without a flame)?


Can a flammable gas ignite merely by increasing its temperature (without a flame)?

Posted: 29 Apr 2016 12:37 AM PDT

Let's say we have a room full of flammable gas (such as natural gas). If we heat up the room gradually, like an oven, would it suddenly ignite at some level of temperature. Or, is ignition a chemical process caused by the burning flame.

submitted by /u/ExCx
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Why do biologists always refer to mitochondrial DNA in reports on evolution and cladistics as opposed to the DNA found in the nucleus?

Posted: 29 Apr 2016 12:33 AM PDT

This might sound like a rather stupid or silly question but I just though about this while studying for my IB bio exam.

submitted by /u/littlewigbighair
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How does fracking affect volcanic eruptions?

Posted: 28 Apr 2016 06:39 PM PDT

I was thinking, if it triggers earthquakes, wouldn't it also maybe make volcanic activity more likely?

submitted by /u/zeldazonklives
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If transcription and translation are coupled in prokaryotes, how do mRNA quantification methods provide meaningful results?

Posted: 29 Apr 2016 12:40 AM PDT

Wouldn't it be more of a measure of the brief latency between transcription and translation than an indicator of transcript or protein level?

submitted by /u/neurominer
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Do all of the planets orbit on the same level, and if so why does it appear that we're "looking up" at Saturn through Earthbound telescopes?

Posted: 28 Apr 2016 06:50 PM PDT

Are there dynamic weather-like changes in Saturn's rings between daylight and planet shadow?

Posted: 29 Apr 2016 12:21 AM PDT

I know the concept of "weather" in Saturn's rings isn't the right way the phrase the question, but that's really where this line of thought comes from. Do Saturn's rings experience weather? I was thinking that there must be a difference in temperature between when the rings sit in Saturn's shadow and when exposed to sunlight. I know it's darker and colder out there than here in the comfy habitable zone but is the fluctuation between warm and cold enough to cause dynamic weather-like patterns in the rings?

submitted by /u/porty_paisley
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Will continental drift eventually bring the continents back together?

Posted: 29 Apr 2016 04:50 AM PDT

Is water at absolute zero denser than water at 4 degrees Celsius?

Posted: 28 Apr 2016 03:36 PM PDT

I know liquid water is generally denser than ice from the polarity of the bonds, and the way the molecules orient themselves, but as things approach absolute zero they get denser and colder, so is there a point where ice surpasses the density of 4 degree Celsius water?

submitted by /u/Arabaster77
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Why are spinal discs so prone to hernias?

Posted: 28 Apr 2016 08:37 PM PDT

I'm a 1st year med student, studying the lumbar region in anatomy, we barely brush on the subject and the professor wasn't able to give me the answer I was looking for.

So, throughout the millions of years of evolution, how come the spinal discs are STILL so prone to hernias and bulges? I mean, it was enough for me to pick up weights in an incorrect way to herniate my L5S1 (CT+MRI approved) as well as billion of others who suffer from a similar condition.

submitted by /u/Xeydo
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Can EM field bend light?

Posted: 28 Apr 2016 07:43 PM PDT

Is there a mathematical proof/justification for x^-1 = 1/x? Or is it just conjecture/nonclemature?

Posted: 28 Apr 2016 06:53 AM PDT

The inside of my pineapple can appears to be galvanized steel, what is the reason for this?

Posted: 28 Apr 2016 01:53 PM PDT

Some quick searching online suggested that galvanized steel might not be all that food safe since the zinc coating can end up in the foodstuffs if they are acidic. Some also suggest that there is a lining between the steel and food, but if so then why bother with a galvanized steel can instead of a typical can?

submitted by /u/thar_
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Why are radioactive elements that only give off alpha radiation still dangerous, given that that's just a helium nucleus?

Posted: 28 Apr 2016 09:48 AM PDT

How much does quantum uncertainty effect the macro world?

Posted: 28 Apr 2016 01:56 PM PDT

Why is it that you can put so much weight on one side of a barbell without it tipping over?

Posted: 28 Apr 2016 06:13 PM PDT

I was at the gym today and I was able to put 90 pounds on one side of the barbell without it tipping over. Why doesn't any imbalance of weight cause it to tip over?

submitted by /u/CashCop
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Is it possible to choose a wedding date that has the highest probability of me actually being there?

Posted: 28 Apr 2016 04:22 AM PDT

I work on a ship in a cycle where I am away for an average of 80 days, followed by an approximately equal length holiday where another person works in my place. I am newly engaged and hoping to get married in February 2017 but due to my work trips being not of an exact length it is very difficult to choose a date and start making bookings/invitations. Here are my previous trips:

28/07/2014-09/10/2014 73 days

09/10/2014-26/12/2014* 78 days

26/12/2014-05/03/2015 69 days

05/03/2015-29/05/2015* 85 days

29/05/2015-20/08/2015 83 days

20/08/2015-03/11/2015* 75 days

03/11/2015-26/01/2016 84 days

26/01/2016-25/04/2016* 90 days

Trips with an asterisk represent when I was on holiday but are equally valid trip lengths in terms of data because the ship does the same journey.

I am on the ship now and my most recent trip began on the 19/4/2016. This is earlier than the end of the last trip because our records only show departure time so I took the dates from departure-departure and will work them back to the day I joined. I will do this work trip, a holiday, another work trip and then we will get married in the following holiday.

If we want to get married on a Saturday what is the best date to choose? We understand that this is a basic mathematics problem however the answer is very important to us for obvious reasons. Thank you in advance.

submitted by /u/boobsandsandwiches
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Why is it still impossible to manufacture Water?

Posted: 28 Apr 2016 10:09 AM PDT

Maybe a really stupid question, but, out of everything we are technologically capable of doing I don't have a wide enough knowledge of science to understand why we can't just "make" water. H2O seemed oh so simple in high school science.

submitted by /u/house221b
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Why didn't this mixture of Conc. Sulphuric Acid and Cyclohexane react as expected?

Posted: 28 Apr 2016 12:21 PM PDT

Hi! British 6th form student here. So in chemistry earlier, reasons aside, we were mixing concentrated sulphuric acid with cyclohexene, and we got the expected result once, a orange mix. However, when we first tried the reaction a gas was produced, (known because the bung popped off spectacularly), and we got a black stodgy mixture with a slight orange tint,. However, when put into water it took on a slight greenish tint, and behaved strangely, some floating at the top, some going to the bottom, some strands going inbetween the two. I would guess that there may have been a contamination in the test tube, but that is fairly unlikely as it was a fresh batch of clean test tubes. Can anyone identify what it is that has happened here?

Sorry about the picture quality, best i could do at the time.

/u/superhelical has kindly pointed out to me that I was wrong, and that when I wrote cyclohexane I meant cyclohexene. So, hats off to him, and sorry about my mistake.

submitted by /u/JGAJ99
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How to reconcile clocks in simple time dilation problems?

Posted: 28 Apr 2016 08:01 AM PDT

I think the answer here is going to be pretty straightforward, but I can't find what I'm looking for in the FAQ or by searching. I think my confusion might go a bit deeper, but I've boiled things down to a simple problem that I can't quite grasp. Got to be something simple I'm missing.

Let's say there are two spaceships, both 6 lightyears from Earth in opposite directions. The ships and Earth have their clocks synced and have no relative velocity. Both ships accelerate quickly to 0.6c towards Earth and stop when they arrive. From the reference frame of Earth, it will take 10 years for both to arrive. The Lorentz factor for 0.6c is 1.25, so when we look at the clocks on board they'll say 8 years have passed. So a person on Earth was correct to believe that the spaceship clocks tick slower.

Confusion: shouldn't the observers on the ships perceive time passing more slowly on Earth and (even more so) on the other ship?

Let's say ship A assesses the situation after accelerating (instantaneously). Earth is 6 lightyears away and coming closer at a rate of 0.6c. Ship B is 12 lightyears away and coming closer at a rate of 0.88c (by velocity addition with relativity). That gives a Lorentz factor of 2.125. This means Earth should reach A after 10 A years (6/0.6), while only 8 years (10/1.25) passed on Earth. And it means B should reach A after 13.6 A years (12/0.88), while only 6.4 years (13.6/2.125) pass on B.

Obviously this second set of calculations makes no sense. It seems clear from the problem that B and A should reach Earth at the same time.

And it's also confusing that the clocks don't match up. I expect that part of the problem is the "broken symmetry". The ships accelerate and Earth doesn't. But with my understanding I get the same confusing results if you remove this aspect. Toss out Earth and the problem should look the same either way, no? Yet each ship thinks time passes differently on the other ship. So how can their clocks match up in the end?

I've tried drawing some Minkowski diagrams to make sense of things, but it's not helping. I assume my misunderstanding is either carrying over to that exercise or else it's deeper than I think.

Can anyone help me out here?

submitted by /u/jofwu
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We evolved from monkeys, could it happen again given enough time? Could another species/family/genus of homosapiens occur?

Posted: 28 Apr 2016 05:32 AM PDT

Could we see/co-exist with another "group" of humans?

submitted by /u/SahSon
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Is the infinite-th root of -1 equal to 1?

Posted: 28 Apr 2016 05:11 PM PDT

Using polar coordinates to work out powers and roots on an imaginary/real plane means that to raise a complex number to a power, the new angle become the product of the power and the angle, and the new r (distance to the origin) becomes rpower

-11/2 shows that you get i (or -i but lets just deal with positive roots for now), raising it to a third makes the root move closer to 1 along the unit circle. It gets even closer for a quarter. summarised visually here

Does this mean that as the power approaches infinity, the root approaches 1? Can you therefore infer that 1 (as absurd as that alone sounds) could equal -1?

submitted by /u/YesmynameisPerry
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Thursday, April 28, 2016

A lot of skin products offer a "sensitive skin" alternative. What is the usual difference in ingredients and why is this better for sensitive skin?

A lot of skin products offer a "sensitive skin" alternative. What is the usual difference in ingredients and why is this better for sensitive skin?


A lot of skin products offer a "sensitive skin" alternative. What is the usual difference in ingredients and why is this better for sensitive skin?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 11:02 PM PDT

Is there an actual reason the Sun and the Moon are the same size in the sky?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 06:57 PM PDT

In school, I was taught that it was just a coincidence that the Sun and Moon are the same size in the sky but it seems like such a rare coincidence, there'd have to be a reason, wouldn't there?

submitted by /u/dancingbanana123
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Is a Yellowstone eruption in the next decade imminent?

Posted: 28 Apr 2016 05:33 AM PDT

What is a tl;dr of your PhD?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 10:33 AM PDT

Inspired by a similar thread in /r/math. Feel free to ask follow-ups.

Edit: for those posting, consider becoming a panelist and getting flair by posting to the stickied panelist application thread!

submitted by /u/albasri
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What is the method and way of computational and visual detection of subatomic particles as seen in the CMS?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 09:08 PM PDT

What happens to photons of light that only penetrate the open ocean so deep? Why don't they hit the seafloor?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 04:40 PM PDT

Is the universe expanding in three dimensions or four?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 02:07 PM PDT

If space has been expanding since the Big Bang, is it expanding in the three spatial dimensions, or is spacetime also expanding in the time dimension?

If it's also expanding in time, how does that actually affect progression of time? Does it slow?

submitted by /u/goodevilgenius
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Does cardiac muscle contain different muscle fiber types, like skeletal muscles do (Type I, II...)?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 09:04 PM PDT

How are pill vitamins made?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 08:11 PM PDT

Getting an operation in a few weeks. I've been told to take some vitamins a few weeks before. I understand we get vitamins through food but, how are they made in pill form? They sure are expensive, maybe make my own if it isn't to hard.

submitted by /u/zephyer19
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why does boiling point of noble gases change as you go down the group?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 08:10 PM PDT

How long is a second?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 02:35 PM PDT

IIRC, for measurements like the kilogram we base it off the number of atoms of a specific element. How exactly do we come up with a uniform version of a second, since time is kind of more abstract than mass.

submitted by /u/OneDozenEgg
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Given x points on a circle, how many different polygons can be constructed?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 04:29 PM PDT

If a neutralisation reaction is exothermic why does adding heat to the reaction promote product formation (opposite logic to Le Chatelier's Principle)?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 07:10 PM PDT

Increasing the reaction temperature increases the number of collisions and number of molecules traveling at or above the activation energy, which would favour product formation. However, the overall neutralisation reaction is exothermic, so by Le Chatelier's Principle adding heat should have the effect of favouring the reactants. This is so fundamental, pls help.

submitted by /u/foxcmethoxc
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What is the fastest algorithm for multiplication of two n-digit numbers?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 03:39 PM PDT

[Chemistry] How does the voletage of a reference electrode affect the overall cell potential?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 04:43 PM PDT

Given the vast distances of space. Do radio signals in space ever suffer from attenuation?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 04:32 PM PDT

A common advice given to runners is to perform a "leg drain". Does the practice have any real basis in physiology?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 08:10 AM PDT

One website (and it is by no means alone in making this claim) suggests: > Do "leg drains" by lying on your back with your legs extended vertically and feet propped against a wall for three to four minutes. This drains the blood out of your legs so fresh, clean blood can be pumped back into them when you stand up.

Something about the idea of "fresh, clean blood" rings false. But is it?

submitted by /u/celebratedmrk
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Are gas giants simply stars that failed to "ignite?" Why would one gas clump turn into a star and another one turn into a gas giant?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 09:55 PM PDT

Are we able to observer and directly quantify any forms of magnetism outside of our galaxy?

Posted: 28 Apr 2016 12:46 AM PDT

Do illnesses like influenza leave small long-term after effects on normally healthy individuals?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 06:18 PM PDT

Influenza strains can be quite serious diseases that can kill but for most healthy individuals it can be survived with a high likelihood. However, many disease have after effects caused by symptoms experienced through the course of the disease. Have there been studies done to examine if relatively minor diseases have caused lasting effects such as increased susceptibility to future illness? Is there damage accumulated in areas the body isn't typically replacing cells?

submitted by /u/pandizlle
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There are reports of a tale of an Inuk making a knife out of shit and spit in deeply sub-zero temperatures and using it to butcher a dog, build a sleigh and flee. Is such a knife mechanically possible or is it a tall tale?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 10:44 AM PDT

link to the apocryphal tale here: https://dontdontoperate.wordpress.com/2012/08/09/wade-davis-zombies-the-inuit-and-the-shit-knife-louis-riel-and-canadian-history/

Previous discussion of this story on TIL:

https://www.reddit.com/r/todayilearned/comments/1w0yxz/til_that_an_elderly_eskimo_in_the_1950s_in_order/

I underline that the tale is from Inuit oral history, so it may have grown in the telling.

Could such a knife hold an edge sufficient to kill, skin and butcher a dog? Could it be mechanically resilient enough to do the job the tale claims it did?

Are the faeces necessary? Would not simply making a similar tool out of ice/snow and spit be just as effective (if true)?

submitted by /u/Gargatua13013
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Wednesday, April 27, 2016

If I could very accurately measure the temperature increase of an object in a wind tunnel could I use that to calculate the drag?

If I could very accurately measure the temperature increase of an object in a wind tunnel could I use that to calculate the drag?


If I could very accurately measure the temperature increase of an object in a wind tunnel could I use that to calculate the drag?

Posted: 26 Apr 2016 01:46 PM PDT

How does bad weather obscure radar?

Posted: 26 Apr 2016 11:41 PM PDT

In my history textbook, it says that bad weather helped the Japanese fighter planes slip past radar on their way to Pearl Harbor. How does bad weather obscure radar?

submitted by /u/RestSnorlax
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What is the maximum speed of a liquid running through a tube?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 06:18 AM PDT

How do prion proteins actually cause a normal copy to misfold?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 06:27 AM PDT

What do antivirus scanners on your PC actually look for in a file?

Posted: 26 Apr 2016 06:24 AM PDT

Obviously they search for a virus but what attributes of a file gives away thats its a threat to the system?

submitted by /u/Mash-tash
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If a girl has an above average amount testosterone in her body, will she grow longer than girls with less testosterone?

Posted: 26 Apr 2016 12:46 PM PDT

How different would the Earth be today if the Permian-Triassic extinction event did not occur?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 02:22 AM PDT

I know this is an oddly specific question, and I couldn't find anything using the search bar. I'm just curious how this would have effected Earth and biodiversity as a whole.

submitted by /u/Froggmann5
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If the stratum corneum is dead and covered in bacteria, why doesn't it decay?

Posted: 26 Apr 2016 11:56 PM PDT

What is the effect of length (Lorentz) contraction on the outer surface of a rotating sphere?

Posted: 26 Apr 2016 12:41 PM PDT

Assuming the surface's linear velocity is a significant fraction of c and is composed of one connected material at rest. What would be observed from different frames? A similar question could be asked of a 2D disk as well.

submitted by /u/Parzival6
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Does sound sound different on other planets with different atmosphere densities?

Posted: 26 Apr 2016 10:02 AM PDT

EDIT: Really intriguing and interesting answers. Thank you!

submitted by /u/mango__reinhardt
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How were the very first computer languages/operating systems coded?

Posted: 26 Apr 2016 10:21 AM PDT

Without any basis with which to code such complex programs, did they have to write everything in binary? Machine code?

submitted by /u/HungoverHero777
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Why do some people's bruises readily appear while others hardly show?

Posted: 26 Apr 2016 10:02 AM PDT

If I hit my leg hard on a surface, I can feel a bruise, but it won't appear until a yellowish green surfaces a week later. My girlfriend, on the other hand, bruises like a peach. A light tap will bring a purple spot the surface in less than a day. How does this work?

submitted by /u/FarFromAmusing
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What are the biological/pharmacological mechanics involved that cause tinnitus (ototoxicity) to occur after taking antibiotics i.e. vancomycin/cephalexin?

Posted: 26 Apr 2016 10:24 AM PDT

Do light waves cast a shadow?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 04:54 AM PDT

How do nuclear power plants draw and convert energy for our use?

Posted: 27 Apr 2016 04:04 AM PDT

I was watching a documentary called Surviving Disaster: Chernobyl, and it made me curious as to how the energy is harnessed, converted for use and what causes it to melt down.

Edit: Added text.

Forgot to add: What does cause it to melt down the way Chernobyl did?

submitted by /u/Dazd95
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When looking at pictures of Earth taken from space, why do you see only black and no stars?

Posted: 26 Apr 2016 11:55 AM PDT

If there is no "absolute" velocity, how can we determine centripetal force?

Posted: 26 Apr 2016 01:01 PM PDT

For instance, if I look up at a satellite in geostationary orbit, it appears to be standing still. But then, there would be no centrifugal force and it should come crashing down. But from other perspectives, the satellite DOES rotate at the right speed to stay in orbit. What causes that other perspective to be 'correct', whereas mine isn't?

submitted by /u/Huugnuut
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Why does excessive wing angle of attack (AoA) cause roll?

Posted: 26 Apr 2016 08:18 AM PDT

I do not understand why exceeding AoA limits by pitch causes the aircraft to roll uncontrollably. Also what factors go into AoA limit/how can I reduce the effect with design?

Edit: no flare for Aero??

edit, answer: asymmetric stall

submitted by /u/accounttoberacist
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Is there any particular reason that some planets rotate very fast on their axis, while others rotate slowly?

Posted: 26 Apr 2016 07:57 AM PDT

For example a day on Jupiter is around 10 hours, Earth is around 24 hours, while a Venus day is around 5,832. What effects the different speeds?

submitted by /u/ed123dead
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Is there a liquid with the same density of our atmosphere at 1 atm? If so, would a glass full of it not experience refraction?

Posted: 26 Apr 2016 04:50 PM PDT

How do microbes in the human body survive our immune systems?

Posted: 26 Apr 2016 08:25 AM PDT

Is there a constant struggle between the non-human organisms and our immune systems or do they operate without issue?

submitted by /u/ChainedBroletariat
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Can you charge your phone from a plant? Is this legit?

Posted: 26 Apr 2016 11:05 AM PDT

http://www.bioo.tech/ This reminds me of the miniscuba system I saw on Reddit recently and it was pretty quickly debunked (though who knows if it is still attracting investors). Is this the same kind of "half-science" being used to defraud people again or can this really work?

Found the rebreather device I was referring to. They have raised a ton of money for this thing! https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/world-s-first-artificial-gills-oxygen-respirator--2#/

submitted by /u/EyePad
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Why does the carboniferous period have a mean surface temp equal or lower than today, when it had 2x the atmospheric CO2?

Posted: 26 Apr 2016 08:09 AM PDT

The mean rise in surface temperature that's been cause for concern within the last 2-3 decades has been almost always attributed to the rise of atmospheric CO2. The Carboniferous period, a geologic era defined by it's large quantities of flora due to high CO2 density (800ppm to today's 400ppm), had a (theorized) mean surface temperature comparable to current temperatures.

What other effects are contributing to the rise of global temperatures if not for CO2? Are other greenhouse gases a greater threat than discussed frequently? Do standard cycles of glaciation play a bigger part in the temperature variance (or lack there of)?

submitted by /u/Snaz5
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