There are lots of well-characterised genetic conditions in humans, are there any rare mutations that confer an advantage? | AskScience Blog

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Thursday, January 27, 2022

There are lots of well-characterised genetic conditions in humans, are there any rare mutations that confer an advantage?

There are lots of well-characterised genetic conditions in humans, are there any rare mutations that confer an advantage?


There are lots of well-characterised genetic conditions in humans, are there any rare mutations that confer an advantage?

Posted: 26 Jan 2022 11:50 PM PST

Generally we associate mutations with disease, I wonder if there are any that benefit the person. These could be acquired mutations as well as germline.

I think things like red hair and green eyes are likely to come up but they are relatively common.

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AskScience AMA Series: We're the researchers who found that CBD can prevent SARS-CoV-2 replication, and that it has the potential to prevent COVID-19 in humans. Ask Us Anything!

Posted: 27 Jan 2022 04:01 AM PST

With the COVID-19 pandemic still going strong after almost 2 years, it's clear that we need more than vaccines to help stop the spread of the virus. In a study published last week in Science Advances, our interdisciplinary team of researchers found, to our surprise, that cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive cannabinoid produced by the cannabis plant, can prevent replication of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in human cells in a dish, and that mice who are pre-treated with CBD shower lower rates of infection when exposed to the virus. We also looked at real-world data collected from patients who were taking a medically prescribed CBD solution for the treatment of epilepsy and found that they tested positive for COVID-19 at significantly lower rates than similar patients who were not taking CBD. All together, we feel this provides compelling evidence that CBD could be a prophylactic treatment to prevent COVID-19, or even a treatment that could be used in the early stages of a SARS-CoV-2 infection. We are now hoping to launch clinical trials on the topic.

Read a summary of the research paper here.

Marsha Rosner, PhD, is the Charles B. Huggins Professor in the Ben May Department for Cancer Research at the University of Chicago. She usually studies the signaling mechanisms that lead to the generation of tumor cells and their progression to metastatic disease.

Glenn Randall, PhD, is a Professor of Microbiology at UChicago. He studies the roles of virus-host interactions in replication and pathogenesis in RNA viruses.

We'll be on after 2:30 Central (3:30 PM ET, 20:30 UT), Ask Us Anything!

Username: /u/UChicagoMedicine

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Do the Andes mountains contribute to the Amazon rain forest?

Posted: 26 Jan 2022 09:26 PM PST

I'm wondering if wind patterns blowing westerly and being blocked by the Andes mountains prevented erosion but provided pollination.

Or better question yet, what is the major contributing factor of the Amazon rain forest?

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Can we spin molecules using electromagnetic waves?

Posted: 26 Jan 2022 01:49 PM PST

Hello, I have been learning about radio, and now my understanding of a microwave oven is that water is polar, so changing electromagnetic fields can cause a torque(?)... Which reminds me of how an electric motor works. Surely if that's the case, we can spin molecules with electromagnetic waves. If we can, is there applications? Does anything interesting happen if molecules spin quickly?

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How are radio waves with multiplicities of a given frequency distinguished?

Posted: 26 Jan 2022 03:24 PM PST

AFAIU we avoid having different entities interfere with each other on the same frequency by having e.g. FCC regulations, DFS on the WiFi networks, etc.

But what about multiplicities of a given frequency?

Let's say you and I are broadcasting bits by modifying amplitude at 100Hz and 200Hz - won't we interfere with each other?

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Why is the Mars Rover limited to 0,14 km/h in speed?

Posted: 26 Jan 2022 09:24 AM PST

Wouldn't it make more sense to go a little faster (like .5km/h) to cover the more flat parts of Mars?

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If a chain of perfectly identical links is pulled from both ends with enough force to break it, where does it break?

Posted: 26 Jan 2022 09:09 AM PST

In real life, this would depend on how the links were made, imperfections in the material, stress from previous use etc. But imagine the platonic ideal of a steel chain, with every link perfectly identical. If you attach identical hooks to each end and pull with enough force to break the chain, where will it break? Will every link deform at the same rate so the whole thing falls apart at once?

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Why is there bacteria everywhere? What does bacteria feed on to survive and multiply on the floor for example?

Posted: 25 Jan 2022 03:56 PM PST

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