AskScience AMA Series: We're Phoenix, a Madison, Wisconsin-based (Go Badgers!) nuclear technology company. We design and build the strongest fusion neutron generators in the world - Ask us anything! | AskScience Blog

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Wednesday, October 23, 2019

AskScience AMA Series: We're Phoenix, a Madison, Wisconsin-based (Go Badgers!) nuclear technology company. We design and build the strongest fusion neutron generators in the world - Ask us anything!

AskScience AMA Series: We're Phoenix, a Madison, Wisconsin-based (Go Badgers!) nuclear technology company. We design and build the strongest fusion neutron generators in the world - Ask us anything!


AskScience AMA Series: We're Phoenix, a Madison, Wisconsin-based (Go Badgers!) nuclear technology company. We design and build the strongest fusion neutron generators in the world - Ask us anything!

Posted: 23 Oct 2019 04:00 AM PDT

Hi Reddit, I'm Dr. Evan Sengbusch, President at Phoenix, LLC. I'm here with our CEO, Dr. Ross Radel, and our VP of Research & Development, Dr. Tye Gribb, to answer whatever questions you might have about nuclear engineering, neutrons and all of their interesting uses, the current and near-term practical applications of fusion technology including our record-breaking system for medical isotope production, what it's like being a tech startup in Madison, and whatever else you're curious about!

At Phoenix, we've been developing our fusion technology since 2005 with the mission of applying fusion technology to solve very real near-term problems while supporting fusion research to achieve the shared, long-term dream of clean fusion energy for all. Our core innovation is extremely high output, accelerator-based Deuterium-Deuterium and Deuterium-Tritium fusion neutron generators which are strong enough to replace reactor and isotope neutron sources for applications such as medical isotope production, explosives detection and nuclear materials detection, nondestructive testing, and more.

Evan's Bio: Evan holds a BS in Physics and Mathematics from the University of Iowa, as well as an MS and PhD in Medical Physics, and an MBA in Technology Management from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Evan has extensive experience with computational modeling, ion beam transport simulations, and particle accelerator design. He has also worked in the venture capital industry evaluating technologies in the physical and life sciences and has served as a consultant for several technology development firms. Evan is a past recipient of a DoD National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Research Fellowship, an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship, and a National Institutes of Health Biotechnology Training Grant. He has technical experience working in accelerator physics at CERN, plasma physics at the University of Iowa and medical physics at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Since joining Phoenix in 2012, Evan has increased the variety and size of Phoenix's revenue sources and has drastically expanded Phoenix's market reach.

Ross's Bio: Ross is the CEO and a Board of Directors member of Phoenix. He holds a MS and a PhD in Nuclear Engineering from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He previously worked as the Senior Member of the Technical Staff at Sandia National Laboratories. Ross has extensive experience with nuclear reactors and advanced power conversion systems that are directly applicable to Phoenix's core technologies. His previous research at the University of Wisconsin focused on high-flux neutron generation for detecting clandestine material, specifically highly enriched uranium. Prior to taking over as President, Ross led the R&D effort to redesign the existing Phoenix ion source and neutron generator technology, leading to drastic performance increases. He is also an expert in radiation transport simulations and he has experience designing shielding, moderators, and reflectors for high-neutron environments. Ross joined Phoenix in 2010 and took over as President in July of 2011. During his tenure as President, Phoenix has increased in size by ten fold. As President, Ross has a very hands-on management style and is still intimately involved in almost all aspects of the daily technical and business operations at Phoenix.

Tye's Bio: Tye has over 20 years of experience developing products for high technology companies. He was the co-founder of Imago Scientific Instruments (now part of Cameca Instruments Corporation), where he led the development of the Local Electrode Atom Probe (LEAP), Imago's flagship product, from initial sketches through commercialization. From its market introduction, this instrument has dominated the world market with sales in excess of $100M. Tye has wide-ranging design, fabrication, and scientific analysis expertise focused on the development of ion beam and other high-energy systems. He is the author of numerous papers and patents covering a wide range of technical innovations. Tye holds a PhD from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in Metallurgical Engineering. As the VP of R&D, Tye leads a talented team of technicians and engineers in both next-generation product design and, in moving prototype technologies onto commercial platforms.

Proof: https://twitter.com/Phoenix_Nuclear/status/1187013317249753089

We'll be on from 12pm-2pm CDT (1-3 ET, 17-19 UT), ask us your questions! We'll do our best to answer all of your questions but won't be able to go into deep technical detail on some topics in order to protect our IP or our customer's IP.

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Why are planets always round? (Not a flat earther at all here btw) just wondering why a planets are not a more random shape?

Posted: 22 Oct 2019 11:19 PM PDT

Ask Anything Wednesday - Engineering, Mathematics, Computer Science

Posted: 23 Oct 2019 08:08 AM PDT

Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Engineering, Mathematics, Computer Science

Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...".

Asking Questions:

Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions.

The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists.

Answering Questions:

Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience.

If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here.

Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here.

Ask away!

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Both Google and IBM are developing quantum computers, and both are using a 53 qubit architecture. Is this a coincidence, or does that number mean something? In traditional computing, it only makes sense to use architectures with the number of bits as a power of 2, so why use a prime number?

Posted: 23 Oct 2019 05:07 AM PDT

Is educational attainment linked to genetics, and if so why?

Posted: 23 Oct 2019 10:42 AM PDT

There was an article in the Economist today that seemed to indicate researchers could tell from a person's genetics whether they had decided to stay or leave a coal mining area. Has there been extensive research to back up the claim that education has a genetic factor?

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why is pure water not conducting electricity due to autoprotolysis?

Posted: 23 Oct 2019 02:11 AM PDT

Confused high school student here. We've recently covered acids and bases, and the autoprotolysis of water. If some molecules in pure water can become positive hydronium ions and negative hydroxide ions, why do we always conclude that pure water can't conduct electricity? Are these ion concentrations insignificantly small?

Any help is greatly appreciated!

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Does childhood participation in lotteries have any impact on whether or not a person is likely to develop a gambling problem (then or later in life)?

Posted: 23 Oct 2019 01:47 AM PDT

Current controversy about loot-boxes is computer games is that they are wrong because they prey on children and they are often characterized as a form of gambling (usually when real money is involved).

But is there any scientific knowledge on whether participation in lotteries change gambling tendencies amongst children?

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How is plasma generated? and what is it really?

Posted: 22 Oct 2019 07:51 PM PDT

I am looking for a more nuanced answer in truth, what is it specifically about fast moving molecules that causes ionization?

my hypothesis is that the atoms themselves are able to knock out electrons from other atoms and you should have some sort of statistical distribution of ionized and non ionized particles, but in a plasma you have mostly ionised particles, is this correct ? , whats the reality?

also in regards to plasmas do they lose all of their electrons or just some of their electrons for example does a plasma alumininum lose the outer shell of electrons or all of them .

thank you very much to whoever answers

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Does applying current to water affect its refractive index?

Posted: 22 Oct 2019 06:02 PM PDT

I came to know that refraction in the glass is caused by electric fields interacting with the incoming photons. So is it possible to change refractive index of water by applying electric field?

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Was there a notable difference in oxygen percentages in ancient human history (like 100,000 yrs ago) vs the ~20.9% of today?

Posted: 22 Oct 2019 07:16 PM PDT

I was talking to someone about atmospheric oxygen levels, algae and land plant life are currently experiencing some issues, and apparently human brains die at around 19.5% oxygen (this part has been dealt with in the comments as incorrect information, thank you) I had mentioned this and they argued that oxygen levels were different before in the past.
There's been a dip of about 0.06% since 1992 according to oxygen levels records I could find. If that continued it'd take maybe 600-700 years to kill us all. So I'm not that immediately worried. But I cannot find data about percentages from thousands of years ago, assuming human brains require the same amount of oxygen I suspect the percentage was never very close to 19.5%.

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Does dissolution affect volume differently than just addition?

Posted: 22 Oct 2019 01:05 PM PDT

Say I have two glasses of x amount of water. If I add y amount of salt to one and y amount rocks to the other, will both volumes be x+y

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What's going on with the prints left behind by the stuffed mushrooms we ate last night?

Posted: 22 Oct 2019 03:30 PM PDT

Here is an image and a short video https://imgur.com/gallery/kS9wCJ8

We cooked and ate stuffed mushrooms last night and after getting home from work today, we noticed very strange patterns left behind on the plate.

I have two theories:

  1. Some sort of crystalline growth.
  2. Some sort of fungus growth

Please someone help me understand!

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What is the difference between idolized salt, sea salt, and kosher salt?

Posted: 22 Oct 2019 05:55 PM PDT

What is the chemical and biological mechanism that leads to "instant death" in cases of solvent abuse?

Posted: 22 Oct 2019 05:26 AM PDT

How come the theory of pangea ultima doesn't go against the theories of entropy?

Posted: 22 Oct 2019 07:47 AM PDT

Why would the continents meet and form one big continent?

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