(Chemistry) Why do the orbitals of an atom only hold a certain amount of electrons? | AskScience Blog

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Friday, October 26, 2018

(Chemistry) Why do the orbitals of an atom only hold a certain amount of electrons?

(Chemistry) Why do the orbitals of an atom only hold a certain amount of electrons?


(Chemistry) Why do the orbitals of an atom only hold a certain amount of electrons?

Posted: 25 Oct 2018 09:19 PM PDT

I tried asking my 8th grade science teacher but she just said because it just is that way. Can someone give me an actual answer?

submitted by /u/Astronomytwin
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How does physical exercise reduce the risk of getting cancer?

Posted: 25 Oct 2018 12:38 PM PDT

How does light "slow down" in materials with an index of refraction higher than 1 if light always moves at the speed of light?

Posted: 25 Oct 2018 05:26 PM PDT

Why do electrical arcs produce their signature buzzing sound?

Posted: 25 Oct 2018 06:34 PM PDT

Why are position and momentum related by Fourier Transform?

Posted: 26 Oct 2018 04:41 AM PDT

For the context, here is a brief description of my understanding level -

  1. I understand De Broglie Theorem and that momentum is inversely proportional to wavelength.
  2. I understand the rough idea behind Schrodinger equation
  3. I understand Fourier Transform and how Fourier transform can result in the Uncertainity principle.
  4. I have formal background in Computer Science, so I am reasonably competent with mathematics and physics but definitely inferior to the level of any good graduate student in Physics.

I want to understand why the Heisenberg Uncertainity Principle is true and although, I feel like I am being thick headed or something, I really cannot figure out how we went from momentum is inversely proportional to wavelength to the Uncertainity principle. The most common answer is that it results in position and momentum being linked by Fourier transform, but I fail to make the jump. Does it come from Schrodinger equation or is it more fundamental than that?

I would be really thankful if you can add some comments.

submitted by /u/QuotheFan
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Has anyone ever pin-pointed the geographic north/south pole, and would it be possible to walk/sail around it in a tiny circle to see a compass needle change continuously?

Posted: 26 Oct 2018 03:48 AM PDT

Bonus related question; is it known if antarctic explorers have had to adjust for their proximity to the magnetic pole when venturing inland and mapping out the regions?

submitted by /u/ElisaKristiansen
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What is the most common type of planet ?

Posted: 26 Oct 2018 01:42 AM PDT

What is the most common type among the observed planets in the universe ( Rocky, gas giants, other that I don't know about) or are they uniformly found.

submitted by /u/Metatonic
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How do astronomers identify gravitational lenses?

Posted: 25 Oct 2018 11:21 PM PDT

Do they just look for distortions in the galaxies shapes? how do we know then that the distortion is caused by a mass altering space-time in front of the galaxy and not because the galaxy really has that distorted shape?

I am asking this because looking at the two lenses in the bullet cluster, I can clearly see the 'small' lens on the right cluster but not so well the bigger one on the left cluster (see this image of the bullet cluster without the typical coloring for reference)

edit: of course, I'm not saying that astronomers are making things up and seeing lenses where there is nothing. I'm just curious about what techniques can be used to stablish that in a certain region of space this effect takes place.

submitted by /u/juansinmiedo
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Is it possible for a planet to be hit by another object (e.g. astroid, another planet) and get split in the middle as a result?

Posted: 25 Oct 2018 10:53 AM PDT

If it is possible, what would happen to the planet (say, Earth) besides being cut in half?

submitted by /u/TrippinOnCheese
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How long would it take the air currents from a butterfly to noticeably alter large-scale weather?

Posted: 25 Oct 2018 02:54 PM PDT

I've often heard the phrase "butterfly effect" to imply that a single butterfly could eventually alter the weather. Given that weather is a chaotic system this seems plausible. But how long would it take for the effect to make a noticeable difference?

submitted by /u/-Metacelsus-
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Theoretically, if lightning were to strike in a sandstorm, could it rain glass?

Posted: 25 Oct 2018 10:02 AM PDT

Would lightning cause this much of a change in the sand?

submitted by /u/FotzeGotze
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How does intelligence work with physical brain size?

Posted: 25 Oct 2018 08:36 AM PDT

Context: I am very small; I'm 4' 10.75" and 95 pounds. I'm only 70% of the average size person. Therefore everything is smaller including things like organ size and cranial volume.

So that said, why is it I'm equally intelligent as someone who's 6 feet and a healthy 160-180 pounds? If the average human brain is about 3 pounds and mine is closer to 2 pounds then why is my intelligence unchanged?

submitted by /u/OldManOaks
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Do animals get cavities?

Posted: 25 Oct 2018 01:08 PM PDT

If red and violet are on oposite ends of the color spectrum, why does it appear to flow naturally into one another on a color wheel?

Posted: 25 Oct 2018 07:35 AM PDT

What is the relationship between sex chromosomes and physical sex, in animals that change sex?

Posted: 25 Oct 2018 10:44 AM PDT

Thinking about those fish that change from female to male when they reach a certain weight, or the sea slugs that fight with their penises until one get broken off and it turns female, how does their sex relate to whether they have XX or XY chromosomes?

Is the sperm-producing fish genetically male and the egg-producing slug genetically female?

submitted by /u/Roxygen1
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Why do people with asthma's bronchi constrict when performing physical activity?

Posted: 25 Oct 2018 08:08 AM PDT

During physical activity, it is my understanding that the sympathetic nervous system causes bronchodilation to allow greater uptake of oxygen from the atmosphere. So why is it the opposite in people with sports-induced asthma??

submitted by /u/rolensmash
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What are some forestry management and public policy best practices to minimize the damage caused by wildfires?

Posted: 25 Oct 2018 09:55 AM PDT

I have a sheet of plastic-like material that is claimed to be polyetherimide. I suspect it may be polycarbonate. How can I check?

Posted: 25 Oct 2018 11:03 AM PDT

I recently bought a sheet of material that was claimed to be PEI. As people who are into 3D printing know, PEI (Polyetherimide) is renowned for its qualities as a build surface (namely, it helps prints adhere extremely easily).

I bought a smaller sheet of PEI before, from a different company, and that seems to adhere prints extremely well. This new sheet of "PEI", doesn't seem to hold prints well at all.

I'd like to try to test if this sheet is actually PEI (and if it is, I would hope not to entirely destroy it, but if it's PC instead, I'm fine with it being destroyed). Given the price paid, I suspect that it is a fake. I'm a hobbyist and thus don't believe I have access to an IR spectrometer, but if there are common ways to get access to one, I'd love to know. Alternatively, are there simpler ways of testing if it is PEI or not?

My initial thoughts were melting tests or hardness tests or maybe some kind of chemical reaction, but I'm not sure what exactly to do.

Thanks for your help!

(P.S. I have removed all protective coverings, so that's not the issue.)

submitted by /u/Ronnocerman
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How does the spin of a ball affect its trajectory after bouncing?

Posted: 25 Oct 2018 10:59 AM PDT

How does calories relate to weight?

Posted: 25 Oct 2018 10:08 AM PDT

Something I've really understood is how calories relate to weight. I've heard you have to burn 3,500 calories to lose a pound. Let's say there's a man weighing 200 lbs. He eats a whole Jack's frozen pizza that in total has 1,110 calories and weighs 16.085 ounces, or about one pound. That means he'd weigh roughly 201 lbs after only taking in 1,100 calories, 2,400 short of the 3,500 number. I'm sure there's denser foods out there that have a larger mass, but lower calories. How does calories really tie in with weight?

submitted by /u/pizzanarwhal
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Why do aerosol cans of compressed air get really cold?

Posted: 25 Oct 2018 09:14 AM PDT

I was cleaning out dust on my PC and there was frost on the outside of the container after I set it down.

submitted by /u/KommaisonReddit
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How is it possible for pi bond formation between d-sigma*?

Posted: 25 Oct 2018 12:41 PM PDT

Since sigma* is a spherical orbital how can there be side overlap between the d ( specifically t2g orbital ) ? Also there isn't two signs in sigma* ( i suppose) so no way there would be a formation of pi bond between them . From MO theory for pi bonding in octahedral complexes .

submitted by /u/ila1998
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