Would there be a benefit to putting solar panels above the atmosphere? | AskScience Blog

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Thursday, April 20, 2017

Would there be a benefit to putting solar panels above the atmosphere?

Would there be a benefit to putting solar panels above the atmosphere?


Would there be a benefit to putting solar panels above the atmosphere?

Posted: 19 Apr 2017 09:25 AM PDT

So to the best of my knowledge, here is my question. The energy output by the sun is decreased by traveling theough the atmosphere. Would there be any benefit to using planes or balloons to collect the energy from the sun in power cells using solar panels above the majority of the atmosphere where it could be a higher output? Or, would the energy used to get them up there outweigh the difference from placing them on the earth's surface?

submitted by /u/blizzetyblack
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How do organisms break down diatomic nitrogen?

Posted: 20 Apr 2017 05:28 AM PDT

I was watching an old SciShow episode and Hank Green said something to the effect that the N≡N triple bond is so strong, it can't usually be broken except by lightning or a comparably powerful force. Yet nitrogen is arguably one of the very most prevalent and important components of nutrition for most organisms on the planet (in my understanding?).

So how do organisms break that triple bond in order to render nitrogen reactive enough to bond with other elements?

submitted by /u/BJPenwhistle
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Ask Anything Wednesday - Biology, Chemistry, Neuroscience, Medicine, Psychology

Posted: 19 Apr 2017 08:04 AM PDT

Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Biology, Chemistry, Neuroscience, Medicine, Psychology

Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...".

Asking Questions:

Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions.

The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists.

Answering Questions:

Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience.

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Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here.

Ask away!

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What is the difference between special relativity and general relativity?

Posted: 19 Apr 2017 08:06 AM PDT

Is there a rule that states that calculations of particle interactions at micro scales, by nature, cannot be scaled up into the macro-systems? Or are we just limited by our current understanding and nothing really prevents us from finding a way to scale quantum equations upwards?

Posted: 20 Apr 2017 06:32 AM PDT

[Chemistry] Can you drink Para-Water? Ortho-water? Can you breath pure Singlet Oxygen?

Posted: 20 Apr 2017 04:17 AM PDT

The spin states on the hydrogen of water can either be the same as one another or opposite to one another. Also, the spin states of Oxygen in O2 are the same way

My question is, how does this effect biochemistry? If I somehow obtained a supply of pure Para- or Ortho- Water, or filled a pure Oxygen breathing environment with Singlet Oxygen instead of Triplet Oxygen, could I safely drink said water and breath said Oxygen? What if I used air with Singlet Oxygen instead of pure Singlet Oxygen?

Also, how stable are these spin states? Would my water remain in that spin state long enough to interact with it? Would my Singlet O2 remain Singlet long enough to breath? Would it interact with my body in a way that causes injury or toxicity? Would it ignite on contact with flammable things like me?

What would happen if I tried to drink pure Ortho or pure Para water? What about breathing Pure Singlet Oxygen? Why?

submitted by /u/pds314
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When downhill snow sledding, would being heavier make you go faster (because of gravity's pull) or slower (because of friction)?

Posted: 19 Apr 2017 03:39 PM PDT

Light can be polarized, so can sound waves be polarized?

Posted: 19 Apr 2017 04:39 PM PDT

Were there any mp2 files, what about an mp5? Where does the 3 and 4 come from?

Posted: 19 Apr 2017 06:46 PM PDT

What happens to cosmic radiation and solar winds that interact with the earth's magnetosphere?

Posted: 19 Apr 2017 05:09 PM PDT

Do they bounce off? If so how do they bounce off? How do we know?

submitted by /u/Sandwich_Theorem
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Why can I hear a buzz in my earphones (which are plugged into my laptop) when I touch the Jack/plug of my speakers (which are turned off but plugged into the mains)?

Posted: 19 Apr 2017 04:20 PM PDT

I don't know if jack is the right word - the bit that I'd usually plug into my laptop..

submitted by /u/yslk
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Is the term "frequency" meaningless for a square wave because it consists of nearly infinite harmonics of some fundamental sinusoidal frequency?

Posted: 20 Apr 2017 04:09 AM PDT

Can we find the frequency of a square wave?

submitted by /u/shank9717
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Could redox reactions happen using positions?

Posted: 19 Apr 2017 08:26 PM PDT

I know gaining an electron would be reduction, and losing an electron would be oxidation.

However, could these redox reactions take place using positions instead? If so, would the rules swap, making oxidation be gaining a positron?

submitted by /u/ProjectCyan
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What is the gauge group associated with the graviton, if the graviton turns out to exist?

Posted: 19 Apr 2017 07:47 PM PDT

I understand that the gauge symmetry almost completely specifies the nature of the force it applies to, for example U(1) must behave like electromagnetism, up to the coupling constant. I have also read that, if there is a massless spin-2 boson, it must carry a force identical to gravity. So what Lie group leads to the force of gravity? Or am I wrong about something I've said here?

submitted by /u/EnshaednK
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Is Centrifugal Force a significant factor in the apparent gravity felt on Earth?

Posted: 19 Apr 2017 01:58 PM PDT

Does Centrifugal Force contribute at all to alleviate the felt force of Gravity on Earth? For example, if the Earth stopped spinning suddenly would it feel like everything just became heavier because there would no longer be the Centrifugal Force pulling us outwards? Would that answer be the same on a celestial body that is significantly larger or smaller than earth? Or on one that spins much faster?

submitted by /u/LateNightPhilosopher
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Long after humanity disappears from the planet, what will be the last remaining sign we were ever on Earth?

Posted: 19 Apr 2017 05:31 AM PDT

What makes spring springy?

Posted: 19 Apr 2017 07:14 PM PDT

Well what does make spring come back to their original form and why if you extend too much it'll lose some 'springiness'?

submitted by /u/darazeway
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Does negative mass from an engineered dispersion relation count as negative mass in the stress-energy tensor of general relativity?

Posted: 19 Apr 2017 02:59 PM PDT

Recently a group reported a negative effective mass in the paper Negative mass hydrodynamics in a spin-orbit–coupled Bose-Einstein condensate.

As I understand it, this negative mass comes from the equation, derived from the dispersion relation, m = 1/k_ex * 1/(∂²ω/∂k²).

They showed that this negative mass exhibits many unusual phenomena, including accelerating in the opposite direction of applied force and "the breaking of parity and of Galilean covariance."

My question is: does this negative mass appear or count as negative mass in the stress-energy tensor of general relativity?

(And of particular interest, as it relates to the creating an energy-density lower than the vacuum for a hypothetical Alcubierre drive?)

submitted by /u/science1482181229
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What is the difference between a surfactant, a wetting agent, and an emulsifier? Are they all the same thing?

Posted: 19 Apr 2017 06:39 PM PDT

I hear all three terms used, for example the hydroponic stores always talk about using a wetting agent but it seems similar to when the cannabis cookbook guys talk about using lecitithin as an emulsifier. And sometimes people call it a surfactant also.

submitted by /u/cant20
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Why are so many transiction metal compounds good heterogeneous catalysts?

Posted: 19 Apr 2017 04:07 PM PDT

How does a source of light, with finite surface area, send light in infinite directions?

Posted: 19 Apr 2017 05:03 PM PDT

The sun for example (albeit very large) will send light in all directions even though it's only got a limited about of surface (surface is probably the wrong word) to send light from. How?

submitted by /u/brad5995
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What is the difference between the specific entropy given in steam tables (s) and the specific entropy given in ideal gas tables (s_0)?

Posted: 19 Apr 2017 04:55 PM PDT

Why is there a nonzero vacuum permittivity?

Posted: 19 Apr 2017 04:24 PM PDT

To my understanding, the propagation of electric fields through a vacuum (and indeed through all matter) has a limiting factor, the constant of nature known as vacuum permittivity (=~8.85x10-12 Fm-1). My question is what is the physical reason for this constant/effect? Is it a result of light having a top speed?

submitted by /u/CameronBerry96
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