What do you catabolize first during starvation: muscle, fat, or both in equal measure? | AskScience Blog

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Friday, July 15, 2016

What do you catabolize first during starvation: muscle, fat, or both in equal measure?

What do you catabolize first during starvation: muscle, fat, or both in equal measure?


What do you catabolize first during starvation: muscle, fat, or both in equal measure?

Posted: 14 Jul 2016 03:07 PM PDT

I'm actually a Nutrition Science graduate, so I understand the process, but we never actually covered what the latest science says about which gets catabolized first. I was wondering this while watching Naked and Afraid, where the contestants frequently starve for 21 days. It's my hunch that the body breaks down both in equal measure, but I'm not sure.

EDIT: Apologies for the wording of the question (of course you use the serum glucose and stored glycogen first). What I was really getting at is at what rate muscle/fat loss happens in extended starvation. Happy to see that the answers seem to be addressing that. Thanks for reading between the lines.

submitted by /u/strong_grey_hero
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I noticed Nice, France looks very tropical. It is at 43 degrees N. I'm in Portland, ME...hardly tropical at 43 degrees N. How is this? Is it because of the Mediterranean?

Posted: 15 Jul 2016 06:16 AM PDT

Do adult birds ever feed other adult birds?

Posted: 14 Jul 2016 09:26 PM PDT

I was in a parking lot today, and I saw what appeared to be an adult crow feeding another adult crow, who kept squawking for more. Is this common? What benefit does this behavior have?

submitted by /u/MetroidPruyne
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If alcohol damages our livers, why does our alcohol tolerance increase?

Posted: 15 Jul 2016 01:55 AM PDT

Do the Alpha Centauri stars and the Sun originate from the same supernova?

Posted: 14 Jul 2016 01:43 PM PDT

So I was thinking of how new stars are born from the remains of dead stars, or nebula, that form accretion disks thanks to gravity. Since nebulas are pretty big and can stretch for lightyears, is it plausible that the matter found in the accretion disks that formed our Sun and the stars of Alpha Centauri, comes from the same dead star?

submitted by /u/Spyrith
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Disposal of radioactive material? Why haven't we devised a way to safe cost effective way of launch it into space instead of burying it on our own planet?

Posted: 15 Jul 2016 06:52 AM PDT

Like animals, are there any food plants or fruit trees got extinct over the years or considered as endangered species which might go extinct soon?

Posted: 15 Jul 2016 04:52 AM PDT

What is eleven-dimensional supergravity? More specifically, how does it pertain to m-theory?

Posted: 15 Jul 2016 06:41 AM PDT

I've been reading a lot about the superstring theories. Recently, I read about Edward Witten combining the concepts of S-Duality and T-Duality with the concept of eleven-dimensional supergravity to create the idea of m-theory, essentially combining all of the consistent models of superstring theory. I read a little about how supergravity is basically the combination of general relativity and supersymmetry, but I was left with more questions than were answered. It seems that each time I break down a topic, two more sub-topics arise that I then have to study to understand the previous. Is there a "simplified" (for lack of a better term) explanation of this topic?

submitted by /u/TheAlmightyTides
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Black holes slow down time of nearby clocks relative to an outside observer. What is the theoretical effect that a white hole would have on time?

Posted: 14 Jul 2016 10:56 AM PDT

Helium floats, so how did it end up inside the earth?

Posted: 15 Jul 2016 06:25 AM PDT

I assume two Hydrogen atoms decided to get all buddy-buddy and become Helium. But where did that Hydrogen come from? Hydrogen is lighter than Helium. Shouldn't have just floated out into space during the earth's formation? Or was there a chemical reaction somewhere in the earth's core that released the Hydrogen/Helium?

submitted by /u/TheWarGiraffe
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Could an interstellar spacecraft travel long distances using a few spaced-out propulsive bursts instead of constant propulsion?

Posted: 15 Jul 2016 06:19 AM PDT

I've been looking at proposed interstellar spacecraft (generation ships, Orion project, Daedalus etc). Some of these use many propulsive nuclear explosions to propel them through space, or solar sails and so on. If space is a vacuum and offers little in the way of drag or resistance, why couldn't a craft just use a few pulses of alternating intensity to accelerate and then just cruise through space? Is it because the acceleration would be too jarring? What if they just used more pulses with slightly more intense bursts over time and cruise in between? Won't that save heaps of fuel?

submitted by /u/NoWahls
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What are the different methods of determining the age of fossils or rocks? How reliable and accurate are they?

Posted: 15 Jul 2016 06:11 AM PDT

Specifically I know that different methods are used for different ages and some methods are more reliable for younger fossils/rocks and others for older fossils and rocks. Maybe a link to a site that lists the different methods and what ages are more appropriate for each method. Thanks.

submitted by /u/555545555
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Is there a limit to the ultimate speed of expansion of the universe?

Posted: 15 Jul 2016 06:04 AM PDT

According to this article, Astronomers generally agree that the expanding universe is accelerating but I' haven't seen any theories about the limit of acceleration.

submitted by /u/ryanasimov
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Why does earth' atmosphere let energy/heat in but does not release it back to space?

Posted: 15 Jul 2016 04:34 AM PDT

Why does Central Processing Units have much less cores than a Graphics Processing Unit?

Posted: 15 Jul 2016 04:23 AM PDT

The CPUs of most PCs today have two or four cores, while the newest GPUs have over 2000 cores. Why is it this way?

submitted by /u/gronnmann
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Is the Monty Hall problem the same even if the door opened by the host is chosen at random?

Posted: 13 Jul 2016 11:38 AM PDT

So the original problem is as follows:

Suppose you're on a game show, and you're given the choice of three doors: Behind one door is a car; behind the others, goats. You pick a door, say No. 1, and the host, who knows what's behind the doors, opens another door, say No. 3, which has a goat. He then says to you, "Do you want to pick door No. 2?" Is it to your advantage to switch your choice?

Wikipedia page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monty_Hall_problem

If we modify the scenario so that by pure chance the host does not open the winning door nor the one chosen by the contestant (those two doors can be the same one), then does it affect whether or not the best strategy for the contestant is to switch doors after the host opens one door?

EDIT: I think we have this one figured out guys! In the scenario where the host has already picked a goat that is not the player door at random, the odds of winning by switching/not switching is 50/50 (but do still read the responses, the debate is not over yet it seems). What really blows my mind here is that the information of the host affects probability even though the two scenarios (original problem and modified) are physically identical from the point of view of the contestant. It's as if probability is transcending physical reality itself. Is probability not real? I think not! O_o Now a follow up question: is this a property of the universe or a quirk that arises from trying to apply probability to things that are physically speaking deterministic? I am wondering if this could have implications in quantum mechanics where things seem to actually be probability driven. Can seemingly two identical systems have different probabilities (observed as different distributions) depending on information itself?

EDIT2: I FIGURED IT OUT!!! (Or at least I think I did... Putting the disclaimer here because they are very much needed here.) The answer is that it can be... both 50/50 and 0,33/0,66 depending on how you interpret the question. In short, the question itself is flawed. I simply can not state that things happen in a particular way by pure chance, that statement contradicts itself. Either it is pure chance, in which case the host can choose options that terminate the game early (leading to 50/50), or it is in some way predetermined that the host can not choose the "wrong" doors, in which case the problem is identical to the regular Monty Hall. That being said, the question itself is still a mystery: should you switch? If something has already happened, does it matter whether it was predetermined or not? Is seeing a predetermined goat better information for decision making than seeing a goat at random? Ugh... I think I need a break, my head is starting to hurt again. So... I think I have found a way of making the Monty Hall problem less intuitive. I'm so sorry.

submitted by /u/JooJoona
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Why do people have nightmares?

Posted: 14 Jul 2016 09:19 PM PDT

If I'm standing 10ft from a mirror, is it the same as my eyes looking 20ft away or just the 10?

Posted: 13 Jul 2016 03:27 PM PDT

What makes a battery or cell "heavy duty"? How does it differ from a "normal" cell?

Posted: 14 Jul 2016 10:45 PM PDT

How does lithium work to stabilize moods?

Posted: 13 Jul 2016 03:21 PM PDT

As in, what does it do to the various transmitters and chemicals and receptors? Does it affect electrical potential between neurons? Is it the toxicity that makes it work?

submitted by /u/misterhamtastic
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Can a volcanic eruption poison a large area of land?

Posted: 14 Jul 2016 06:28 PM PDT

Some background, Im writing something that involves a volcanic eruption destroying a lot of farmland and making it untenable for some time. Is it possible for an eruption, or other volcanic activity, to render a large area of land unable to produce crops/plant-life etc?

submitted by /u/A_Verdant_Barrow
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Why would water push larger and heavier rocks/boulders farther up shore than smaller and lighter rocks?

Posted: 14 Jul 2016 06:03 PM PDT

I was just at a river/inlet from the ocean and it looked like very consistently, larger rocks were pushed father up the banks than smaller rocks. I would think it would be the other way around. The river was a large river in Rhode Island, not sure what type of rocks or whether there could have been a glacial aspect to the rock deposits, but the boulders were massive, but were sometimes pushed much further than smaller lighter rocks.

submitted by /u/GuyForgett
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Colligative properties are defined as only relying on the concentration, and not the identity of the molecule. Doesn't the use of the constant, K, for different molecules mean the identity actually does matter? Then why do we define it the way we do?

Posted: 14 Jul 2016 11:20 AM PDT

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