AskScience AMA Series: I’m Dr. Julia Shaw, a memory scientist and criminal psychologist. I study how we create complex false memories. AMA! | AskScience Blog

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Wednesday, February 10, 2016

AskScience AMA Series: I’m Dr. Julia Shaw, a memory scientist and criminal psychologist. I study how we create complex false memories. AMA!

AskScience AMA Series: I’m Dr. Julia Shaw, a memory scientist and criminal psychologist. I study how we create complex false memories. AMA!


AskScience AMA Series: I’m Dr. Julia Shaw, a memory scientist and criminal psychologist. I study how we create complex false memories. AMA!

Posted: 10 Feb 2016 04:21 AM PST

Hi Reddit!

I study how we can create incredibly detailed memories of things that never actually happened. In particular, I implant rich false memories of committing crime with police contact and other highly emotional autobiographical events. I thought I'd share my work with the community, since I'm an avid Redditor.

The technique I use in my research is essentially a combination of what's called "mis-information" (telling people convincingly that something happened that didn't) and an imagination exercise which makes a participant picture the event happening. The goal is to get my participants to confuse their imagination with their memory. I find, as do many other scientists who study memory, that it is often surprisingly easy to implant memories. All of my participants are healthy young adults, and in my last study 70% of them were classified as having formed these full false memories of crime by the end of the study. I am currently working on further research and analysis to see whether I can replicate this, since this success rate was incredibly high.

Last year some of this research, which I did with Stephen Porter at UBC, went viral. It was so amazing to see such a great reaction from the press and public. There really seems to be a thirst for wanting to understand our faulty memories. You can see my favourite write up of the research here. In "Memory Hackers," a NOVA documentary airing tonight on PBS at 9pm Eastern time, you can actually see some real footage from the videos that I made during the interviews, which you can see here.

I actually have a whole book coming out this summer on memory hacking. It's the first popular science book of it's kind, and I'm super excited about it! If you find my research interesting you'll definitely like the book. The book will be released in 8 languages (English, German, Dutch, Portuguese, Italian, Taiwanese, Chinese, and Japanese) and will be called "The Memory Illusion". You can get preliminary information about it here.

If you want to know more about me and my science, and get free access to all the research I have published to date, go here.

Read my Scientific American contributions (almost all of which focus on memory errors) here.

Follow me on Twitter: @drjuliashaw

Proof!

I will be back at 1 pm EST (10 am PST, 6 pm UTC) and I will answer the most creative comments first!

Julia

submitted by /u/Dr_Julia_Shaw
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Does life still arise from inorganic materials, or was it a one time event in the past of the Earth?

Posted: 09 Feb 2016 09:33 AM PST

One time event being the rise of organic materials at one point from inorganic materials and after that only life creating life. Otherwise the question may be completely wrong, please excuse my ignorance.

submitted by /u/kaanproxy
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Willpower and ability to focus are finite resources. So is there anything I can do to "recharge" them faster?

Posted: 09 Feb 2016 12:37 PM PST

I've heard that your ability to focus is something that can be depleted temporarily, like energy. So then what activities do or do not "refill" it, and are any activities particularly good at doing so? For example: power napping, staring at the wall, browsing reddit...are any of these filling up my focus "energy bar" or are they depleting it?

submitted by /u/respeckKnuckles
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When a solid physical object is broken into two pieces. Why don't the pieces fuse back together when hold together tightly?

Posted: 09 Feb 2016 02:47 PM PST

My understanding is that molecules are attracted to each other by Van Der Waals forces, and the atoms in the molecules are held together by the strong nuclear force. So when you put the pieces back together, and they fit perfectly, shouldn't they fuse together again? what is preventing this from happening?

submitted by /u/psycommander
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Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science

Posted: 10 Feb 2016 07:06 AM PST

Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science

Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...".

Asking Questions:

Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions.

The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists.

Answering Questions:

Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience.

If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here.

Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here.

Ask away!

submitted by /u/AutoModerator
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What does the second moment of Area say about a shape?

Posted: 10 Feb 2016 05:02 AM PST

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_moment_of_area

From wikipedia

a geometrical property of an area which reflects how its points are distributed with regard to an arbitrary axis. 

However, why cannot the first moment of area give the same information as it is also product of distance with area.

submitted by /u/semester5
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Why is the derivative of the area of a circle its circumference, and the derivative of the volume of a sphere its area?

Posted: 09 Feb 2016 12:37 PM PST

So the area of a circle is πr2 and its derivative is the circumference, 2πr. The same happens with a sphere. The volume is (4/3)πr3 and its derivative is the surface area, 4πr2 . Is this a coincidence? Also, can we use this property to predict similar quantities for circles/ spheres of higher dimension (its 'volume' so to say)?

submitted by /u/corporalsniff
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What makes the infinity between 0 and 1 larger than the infinity that is all positive integers?

Posted: 09 Feb 2016 01:34 PM PST

I realize there have been quite a number of posts about this, but I have not understood how any of the given answers prove anything. To my understanding, if we can show bijection between the two sets of numbers (neither of which could actually be truly written in any list, so rather the idea of bijection) then they are the same size.

The "proof" that is always given is Cantor's diagonal argument. And it sounds good conceptually. Obviously if a number we create is different by at least one digit to all other numbers in the list, it will not be found in the list. But I have two issues with this:

First, the idea of finding a number that doesn't exist in an infinite list is not valid. It's already an infinite list. It would contain any number you could create.

Secondly, even if you could do that, what is stopping you from doing it to either list? Why, inherently, would you be able to do that to a list including all of these decimals, but not to the integers? If you can do it to both "sides" then it doesn't prove anything.

Now, back to bijection. I don't understand how the two lists wouldn't match up. For any number you could conceivably write in the 0-1 list, there can be an equivalent (not mathematically equivalent, mind you, rather a partner) in the integer list. We can make that part simple if we follow this schema:

INTEGERS 0-1
1 0.1
100 0.001
23948572839746 0.64793827584932
8973458345(...) 0.(...)5438543798

(...) denotes repeating numbers

If our goal is bijection, and this method would work for any possible number in either list, then everyone can have a match.

Thanks in advance for helping me understand!

submitted by /u/dulips
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Does the shape of a animal/human/insect's pupil provide different benefits for it?

Posted: 09 Feb 2016 02:05 PM PST

I was looking at a national geographic magazine and noticed there are circles, ovals, slits, and even cross shaped pupils. Do different shapes provide benefits over each other?

submitted by /u/MuscularSquirreI
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Is a diet high in cholesterol a contributing factor for Hypercholesterolemia?

Posted: 09 Feb 2016 02:01 PM PST

I've had a discussion recently where the person I was talking with said that diet is not a significant contributing factor to high cholesterol. Everything I have heard in the past says that yes, a high cholesterol diet leads to higher cholesterol levels.

What's the consensus on the impact dietary cholesterol has on cholesterol levels in humans? I know that our bodies make cholesterol on their own, but does eating a high cholesterol diet necessarily raise cholesterol?

Does dietary cholesterol intake affect an individual's cholesterol level?

Will reducing dietary cholesterol reduce an individual's cholesterol level?

Recent citations are greatly appreciated, as the person I was speaking with said that the link is an "old idea that has since been debunked"

submitted by /u/mc2222
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How do we know and study how drugs affect neurotransmitters in the brain?

Posted: 09 Feb 2016 10:09 AM PST

For example, how do we know that caffeine blocks adenosine receptors in the brain?

submitted by /u/paranoidpuppet
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What does "tumbling in orbit" mean?

Posted: 09 Feb 2016 08:41 AM PST

According to CNN, the recently launched North Korean satellite is "tumbling in orbit" and incapable of functioning. What is "tumbling in orbit" and why it makes the satellite incapable? Is it going to crash down to Earth?

submitted by /u/rchhe
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Why does a large dose of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine induce similar visual hallucinations in multiple users?

Posted: 09 Feb 2016 10:42 AM PST

How much does size effect a sensory organs acuteness?

Posted: 09 Feb 2016 12:15 PM PST

One would think a larger organ would have a broader and more distinct range of detection.

On a similar note, how much does brain size effect intelligence?

submitted by /u/K-chub
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