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Saturday, July 27, 2019

How does seedless produce get planted and reproduced?

How does seedless produce get planted and reproduced?


How does seedless produce get planted and reproduced?

Posted: 27 Jul 2019 01:06 AM PDT

Does a star visibly change when it begins using a new fuel? And is the timescale observable?

Posted: 26 Jul 2019 05:54 PM PDT

For example, if a star fusing hydrogen has enough mass to fuse helium when the hydrogen is depleted, will it visibly change? And if so, will it happen quick enough for us to see the change?

submitted by /u/WippitGuud
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As we age, do our organs lose transplant value? If they do, are there any with more longevity? Like, a 70 year old heart might not be desirable, but maybe kidneys or something else retain some value despite age?

Posted: 27 Jul 2019 07:42 AM PDT

What is created when white phosphorous burns on aluminum metal?

Posted: 27 Jul 2019 07:19 AM PDT

I was asked recently by a friend who works for the US military about what would happen if burning white phosphorous were to make contact with aluminum metal. Of course I didn't have an answer so I started researching and couldn't really find much on the subject. Do any of you have any reading material on this or something similar? Or can you explain what would happen and if it would form something toxic? The only thing I can find is aluminum phosphate and aluminum phosphide, but I have no clue if these would form with white phosphorous burning on aluminum metal. He works with munitions for the US national guard and seemed to be fairly concerned. Any and all info would be greatly appreciated. Thank you in advance.

submitted by /u/backyardscience2000
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Why don't autogyros roll?

Posted: 27 Jul 2019 06:25 AM PDT

Why don't autogyros roll? As I understand it, the advancing rotor blade has a higher relative airspeed (and therefore higher lift) than the retreating rotor blade.

Thanks!

submitted by /u/baffledexpert
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Have we already observed a moon with a submoon? Is this even theoretically possible?

Posted: 26 Jul 2019 04:23 PM PDT

Why does the decibel scale use powers of 10 instead of some other number?

Posted: 27 Jul 2019 03:16 AM PDT

I'm confused about why the decibel specifically scale uses powers of 10 instead of some other number , for example 9 or 11 or even some other number that isn't really round. Is it used conventionally because powers of 10 is easier to use? Or is it a coincidence? Or is it something else altogether? Help me out

submitted by /u/zerostarzero
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Does digital data have mass as it's transferred from one device to another?

Posted: 26 Jul 2019 11:17 AM PDT

I have been curious if there is a physical limitation to the transference of data as its volume continues to grow at an incredible rate year after year.

Does digital data have mass as it's transferred over both fiber optic and/or through the airwaves? Is there any relevance to the type and size of data that can be quantified in terms of a tangible measurement?

Could we hypothetically run out of "space" to transfer data?

submitted by /u/CommodoreSixty4
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Why do we still use bike and car tires that can lose air?

Posted: 26 Jul 2019 10:22 AM PDT

It seems like by now we would have come up with a solution that doesn't allow for car and bike tires to deflate and have to be refilled - is there a practical reason that something completely air tight and factor inflated isn't a good idea? Is it simply easier, or to make it possible to repair a flat?

submitted by /u/filmhamster
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How do you make sure that there is always enough oxygen in the ISS?

Posted: 26 Jul 2019 11:00 AM PDT

Do we have pictures of Mars' moons from Mars?

Posted: 26 Jul 2019 02:16 AM PDT

‪The lining of our stomachs are completely replaced every week without us noticing. Why can’t uterine lining do the same thing without bleeding and causing pain for days?

Posted: 26 Jul 2019 10:01 AM PDT

Separate volatile solvent from solution with two solvents?

Posted: 25 Jul 2019 11:05 PM PDT

I have a solution of polycaprolactone in a mix of dichloromethane (DCM) and dimethylformamide (DMF). I first dissolved it in DCM and then added DMF because it took too long to dissolve in DMF even with heating. As per this resource, DCM and DMF mixture is zeotropic. So, I think it should be possible to get rid of all the DMF by heating. I left the solution stirring overnight at 60°C, but there was only a small drop in the liquid height that indicated that all the DCM was not removed. Since DCM boils at around 39.6°C, all of it should have evaporated. The ambient temperature may have been around 28°C or more. The heat transfer from the hot plate would not have been the most efficient considering that the solution was in an uncapped ~10cm x ~3 cm dia. vial, being stirred on a 60°C hot plate. But the vial felt warm enough. I cannot figure out what I may be missing here.

submitted by /u/pfung
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Why are the largest craters on the moon facing us? Is there a reason or is it just a coincidence?

Posted: 25 Jul 2019 08:04 PM PDT

Have planet sized objects fallen into the sun?

Posted: 25 Jul 2019 08:38 PM PDT

The sun has a lot of mass. Was that all from dust and gas? Or could it be that planet sized objects have fallen into the sun?

submitted by /u/federal_employee
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How do astronauts enter the space from their space station? Doesn't the air in the station move out into the vacuum?

Posted: 26 Jul 2019 09:34 AM PDT

Friday, July 26, 2019

Do space stations lose air from using air locks?

Do space stations lose air from using air locks?


Do space stations lose air from using air locks?

Posted: 26 Jul 2019 05:15 AM PDT

If an astronaut needs to repair something outside, doesn't the air in the air lock room come out with them? Wouldn't that limit the amount of times it can be used?

submitted by /u/bullerick
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Is there any theoretical reason why the sun/moon relative sizes and distances are nearly the exact same?

Posted: 26 Jul 2019 05:57 AM PDT

It seems insanely unlikely that the sun and the moon apparent sizes are nearly identical in the sky. Is there any even theoretical reason that this happens, or is it truly pure chance?

submitted by /u/joe40001
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How is the instantaneous efficiency of nuclear reactors measured by nuclear power plant operators?

Posted: 26 Jul 2019 05:29 AM PDT

When a black hole is said to be spinning, does that refer to the accretion disk or can we actually make observations about the behavior of matter below the event horizon?

Posted: 26 Jul 2019 06:45 AM PDT

How does Mars look from the Moon, assuming that the Moon is at the point in it’s revolution where it’s closest to Mars?

Posted: 25 Jul 2019 02:50 PM PDT

If light slows down in water, then does causality also slow down?

Posted: 25 Jul 2019 06:24 PM PDT

Nothing can travel faster than light, and my elementary understanding of the speed of light is that it's also the maximum speed at which two particles can have a causal impact on one another. With that in mind, since light slows down in water, does causality also slow down? If so, it is possible to make a solution that further slows causality?

submitted by /u/cincycusefan
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How do those arm band blood pressure machines work?

Posted: 25 Jul 2019 12:14 PM PDT

I got a check-up today and realized I have been wondering this for basically my entire life up till this point.

submitted by /u/ramenayy
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How did paleontologists come to the theory that dinosaurs are more closely related to modern birds than reptiles? Does this hold true for all dinosaurs, or does this only apply to certain species?

Posted: 25 Jul 2019 03:47 PM PDT

If I = V/R, and we want to use the smallest amount of current in power transmission lines, then why do we use high voltage? Using the equation wouldn’t that result in high current?

Posted: 25 Jul 2019 08:15 PM PDT

What does it mean for an electromagnetic wave to be linearly polarized?

Posted: 25 Jul 2019 06:57 PM PDT

I was going through one of my textbooks from last year and found this from my waves and optics class: https://imgur.com/a/w8YbBn3

It says that when an EM wave is linearly polarized in a certain orientation, that corresponds to the plane of the electric field. Why is it the plane of the electric field in particular rather than the magnetic field or any other direction? Is that just a convention or is EM in general more "relevant" to things with electric charge? I assume that the latter could be the case because magnetism arrises from the spin of electrons, but I don't know for sure as I haven't yet taken electrodynamics.

submitted by /u/_Sunny--
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What kinds of geological processes could result in a desert with blue sand (lapis lazuli or azurite) over a strike slip fault?

Posted: 25 Jul 2019 04:55 PM PDT

How do we get digits for pi in the hundreds of thousands place and actually know if they are accurate?

Posted: 25 Jul 2019 05:25 AM PDT

I just can not understand how it is even possible to measure anything to that sort of accuracy. furthermore the digits have virtually zero impact on the value of pi once you get that far out into the decimals so how can you even validate your findings?

submitted by /u/Metroidman
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How are Martian dust storms able to occur?

Posted: 25 Jul 2019 08:20 AM PDT

Winds are caused due to uneven heating of the ocean and the earth. In Mars this phenomenon obviously does not exist. So, how are massive dust storms able to take place.

submitted by /u/sastachappati
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How is the Hubble Telescope still finding things after 30 years?

Posted: 25 Jul 2019 05:29 AM PDT

I saw in the news today that Hubble found a huge spiraling galaxy zillions of miles away. What I don't understand is why it takes nearly 30 years to point the telescope in that direction. It's just 360 degrees to turn it slowly around and then doing that same turn on its axis to cover its 3D space. Doesn't that take like a week or two? Maybe a month? But 30 years? So no one ever pointed it in that direction for all this time?

submitted by /u/parquet7
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Why do men have nipples?

Posted: 25 Jul 2019 12:57 PM PDT

How many X-rays are emitted and absorbed in a standard medical X-ray radiograph?

Posted: 25 Jul 2019 01:35 AM PDT

This seems like it should be easy to find out, but most of the data talks about dose, rather than number of photons, so I hoped someone here would be familiar with doing that conversion!

submitted by /u/nick_hedp
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Thursday, July 25, 2019

AskScience AMA Series: We're from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and we research pumped-storage hydropower: an energy storage technology that moves water to and from an elevated reservoir to store and generate electricity. Ask Us Anything!

AskScience AMA Series: We're from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and we research pumped-storage hydropower: an energy storage technology that moves water to and from an elevated reservoir to store and generate electricity. Ask Us Anything!


AskScience AMA Series: We're from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and we research pumped-storage hydropower: an energy storage technology that moves water to and from an elevated reservoir to store and generate electricity. Ask Us Anything!

Posted: 25 Jul 2019 04:00 AM PDT

We are Dhruv Bhatnagar, Research Engineer, Patrick Balducci, Economist, and Bo Saulsbury, Project Manager for Environmental Assessment and Engineering, and we're here to talk about pumped-storage hydropower.

"Just-in-time" electricity service defines the U.S. power grid. That's thanks to energy storage which provides a buffer between electric loads and electric generators on the grid. This is even more important as variable renewable resources, like wind and solar power, become more dominant. The wind does not always blow and the sun does not always shine, but we're always using electricity.

Pumped storage hydropower is an energy storage solution that offers efficiency, reliability, and resiliency benefits. Currently, over 40 facilities are sited in the U.S., with a capacity of nearly 22 GW. The technology is conceptually simple - pump water up to an elevated reservoir and generate electricity as water moves downhill - and very powerful. The largest pumped storage plant has a capacity of 3 GW, which is equivalent to 1,000 large wind turbines, 12 million solar panels, or the electricity used by 2.5 million homes! This is why the value proposition for pumped storage is greater than ever.

We'll be back here at 1:00 PST (4 ET, 20 UT) to answer your questions. Ask us anything!

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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Why are beta blockers restricted to prescription only?

Posted: 25 Jul 2019 12:42 AM PDT

I am struggling to find answers online as to why they are not sold over the counter.

submitted by /u/dontknowhowtoprogram
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How does the Peltier effect work?

Posted: 24 Jul 2019 03:14 PM PDT

So i keep finding really general science answers of WHAT it is. But Im looking for a step by step of what is happening and why to full comprehend how heat or cold is being turned into eletricity

submitted by /u/hansolo951
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Is Ceres a dwarf planet or an asteroid?

Posted: 24 Jul 2019 08:45 PM PDT

I was wondering what the largest asteroid known to man currently is.

Google says Ceres but often labels it as either an asteroid or a dwarf planet.

I am beginning to think it is both?

submitted by /u/louisprimaasamonkey
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If two tornadoes who rotate in opposite directions collide, what happens?

Posted: 24 Jul 2019 01:54 PM PDT

I have a few questions about temperature?

Posted: 24 Jul 2019 10:55 AM PDT

  1. Does it take the same ammount of energy to heat something from 5°C to 6°C as it takes to heat that same thing from 1002°C to 1003°C?

  2. As I understand it, atoms can turn their internal energy (temperature) into photons through blackbody radiation. Is there a bottom cutoff at which temperature they dont do that anymore? And if so, what limits it?

  3. If I had a group of atoms (all of the same isotope) that I keep at a constant temperature would the photons they produce all be at the same wavelength or would their wavelengths (graphed) look more like a bell curve?

  4. (kinda related to question 2) Assume a perfect vacuum with no cosmic rays, sunlight, gravity or anything. In that empty space Ill "put" a single atom (preferably an element that wont decay soon) at 1000°C. Whats the lowest temperature itll ever reach (through blackbody radiation)? Are there other phenomena that would also cool it somehow? How long untill it reaches that lowest temperature?

  5. Is it even correct to say a single atom has a temperature like I did in question 4?

Thanks for any answers.

submitted by /u/Lacksi
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What effect does the shifting Magnetic Field(movement of Earth’s Poles) have on Earth’s Climate?

Posted: 24 Jul 2019 03:01 PM PDT

I read recently that there might be some correlation between Climate Change and the movement of the magnetic poles and was wondering if someone could help explain any possible effects.

submitted by /u/Blkskorpion
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How does relative speed at or near the speed of light work?

Posted: 24 Jul 2019 05:16 PM PDT

If we assume there is something that is moving at 0.75c relative to a stationary frame of reference, let's assume Earth, and that a projectile is launched from it at an additional 0.75c, how is that projectile still moving slower than the speed of light? I understand that special relativity applies here but I can't quite wrap my brain around why it is like this. I also understand that there's a "speed limit" of sorts through the universe and the energy issue and such- but hypothetically, if it was possible to do such a thing... How does it work?

Like if a car is moving away from me at 5 mph a person throws a ball 5mph out the front, you take into account the energy that the ball already has, since it is already moving as 5mph relative to me, and then when it's thrown it gains the additional speed of the throw.

submitted by /u/torohangupta
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To my best understanding, space is (for the most part) absent of matter, meaning the Earth has no place to conduct heat. How, then, do CO2 and other gases contribute the the Greenhouse effect, if the Earth already exists as a natural Greenhouse?

Posted: 24 Jul 2019 09:00 PM PDT

Can someone explain the tennis racket theorem?

Posted: 24 Jul 2019 12:37 PM PDT

If the event horizon is the region in space wherein the escape velocity of the singularity exceeds that of the speed of light, would there be a region in space beyond this wherein the velocity required to maintain a stable orbit reaches precisely the speed of light?

Posted: 24 Jul 2019 06:31 PM PDT

And would this allow particles to travel short distances away from the singularity above it?

submitted by /u/bigmaxporter
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Regarding the cause of climate change, why is all the emphasis on greenhouse gases? What about all the thermal energy being produced from electricity and other technology?

Posted: 24 Jul 2019 01:23 PM PDT

How does a air cooler work?

Posted: 24 Jul 2019 01:53 PM PDT

When water evaporates, it cools something down

so how does a dehumidifier male the air cool then? (or a AC unit drip out water)

submitted by /u/notrealjamescharles
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How does the brain decide when to do a heart pump?

Posted: 24 Jul 2019 01:53 PM PDT

Is the brain just running an infinite loop in the background that sends a signal to the heart for each pump?

submitted by /u/BologneseDeveloper
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What gas is inside a sealed coconut?

Posted: 24 Jul 2019 10:29 AM PDT

Assuming I understand correctly that a coconut:

  • Is a sealed unit before it is opened
  • Is not 100% full of coconut water (else it'd be pretty heavy, and not slosh)

What is the gas? Is it a waste product of the cells within?

submitted by /u/FifteenFifty
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Is there anything that can make the moon red-colored aside from lunar eclipses?

Posted: 24 Jul 2019 10:41 AM PDT

I live in Japan and tonight I observed a reddish-colored moon, similar to what I've seen during lunar eclipses (here's my attempt to capture it with my phone). It seems that the last lunar eclipse was about a week ago from now, so I am somewhat puzzled. What am I seeing? What makes the moon appear red this time?

Another interesting thing is that it seems that the moon tends to appear reddish around this time of the year in japan. Here's another one I captured about a month ago on June 19th.

Are these all delayed(?) lunar eclipses? Strange weather conditions? Or something else?

submitted by /u/apolotary
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How do we take images of our own Milky Way Galaxy when we are INSIDE of the galaxy itself?

Posted: 24 Jul 2019 01:20 PM PDT

I've always wonderred about this. I understand how we can get an image of other galaxies. But how is it possible to get a full image of our own galaxy when we are inside of it?

submitted by /u/eutum
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How do we know that there aren't anti-galaxies?

Posted: 24 Jul 2019 08:36 AM PDT

I'm given to understand that antimatter behaves with itself in the same way that the equivalent regular matter does. So a large mass of anti-hydrogen could form a star, with antiproton-antiproton chain fusion forming anti-helium. Anti-photons aren't really a thing since photons are not charged particles, so such an anti-star would produce light that appeared just like a regular star of equivalent mass. How would it be possible to tell the difference between an anti-star and a regular matter star from a distance?

It's fairly safe to assume that none of the stars in our galaxy are made of antimatter as if both were present in our galaxy we'd be able to witness annihilation reactions occurring as matter and antimatter collide. Yet, it seems as though it could be possible for a faraway galaxy to exist made entirely of antimatter. How would we be able to tell the difference between this and a normal galaxy? How do we know the assumption that all visible galaxies are made of normal matter is correct?

submitted by /u/Lemonwizard
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Are hypervelocity stars only possible in a binary star system?

Posted: 24 Jul 2019 10:38 AM PDT

Whenever I saw stuff about hypervelocity stars it always said they came from a binary star system and one got launched into space by a massive blackhole. Is it possible for a singular star to be launched or can it only come from a binary system?

submitted by /u/fff628
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