Since it's pretty much commonly accepted that there have been plenty more infections than officially recognized, would it make sense to perform an antibody test prior to receiving the Covid-19 vaccine? Or is this already done?

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• Since it's pretty much commonly accepted that there have been plenty more infections than officially recognized, would it make sense to perform an antibody test prior to receiving the Covid-19 vaccine? Or is this already done?
• Why don't refineries reclaim their flare's energy to heat water or the distillation stack?
• Does brain size relate to intelligence?
• How do you test a baby’s eyesight?
• I just learned about the Nutrient Artery. What happens to all of the arteries and veins inside a bone during a bone break?
• Is there a difference between the antibodies that are created inside the body via a vaccine, and the antibodies created inside the body via a viral infection?
• Is there a correlation between genetic variation and the long-term dietary patterns of ethnic groups or regional populations?
• What does it mean that a vaccine is 95% effective? What happens to the other 5% of people?
• Therapeutic vs prophylactic vaccine?
• If you were outside the space station, in your space suit, could you kick off and start hurdling towards Earth?
• When you move a file around within the same hard drive, does the data physically move too? Or does it just simply change the address?
• Why does hard liquor not have a more profound impact on developing oral and esophageal cancer compared to beer or wine?
• How does an epiphany or sudden moment of insight looks like from the brain inner works point of view?
• On a cellular level, how does the body heat up?
• In humans why does mitral valve has 2 leaflets and tricuspid has 3? Is it functional or just random?
• Have cancer treatments actually gotten better or more more effective in the last 30 or so years? It just seems like there are still a lot of people dying from cancer and a lot of people who have been stuck doing chemotherapy.
• Is it possible to have a studder in one language but not in another?
• Radiometric dating in the Bruniquel Cave - how do we know it's the age of construction?
• What is the mechanism for antimicrobial behavior of silver or copper?
• Is there a limit of how many diseases a body can have antibodies to? Where is that information stored in the immune system and does it ever "runs out" of space to add more defenses? Is there a the record of the person who has the most defenses to different viral/bacterial diseases?

Since it's pretty much commonly accepted that there have been plenty more infections than officially recognized, would it make sense to perform an antibody test prior to receiving the Covid-19 vaccine? Or is this already done? Posted: 20 Nov 2020 12:49 PM PST submitted by /u/wolinskers [link] [comments]

Why don't refineries reclaim their flare's energy to heat water or the distillation stack? Posted: 21 Nov 2020 02:39 AM PST submitted by /u/sl600rt [link] [comments]

Does brain size relate to intelligence? Posted: 21 Nov 2020 04:18 AM PST submitted by /u/Pale-Guava1287 [link] [comments]

How do you test a baby’s eyesight? Posted: 21 Nov 2020 05:34 AM PST I keep seeing uplifting videos of babies seeing their moms for the first time with the help of baby glasses, but without being able to do a regular optical exam whereby you ask the baby "which is clearer, this or this?", how do they know which prescription lenses to use? submitted by /u/imaLilT-pot [link] [comments]

I just learned about the Nutrient Artery. What happens to all of the arteries and veins inside a bone during a bone break? Posted: 21 Nov 2020 05:15 AM PST Do the veins arteries tear too? How would they repair themselves? https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrient_artery submitted by /u/barbsbaloney [link] [comments]

Is there a difference between the antibodies that are created inside the body via a vaccine, and the antibodies created inside the body via a viral infection? Posted: 20 Nov 2020 12:19 PM PST If I got a vaccine, and someone tested my blood for antibodies, would they be able to tell the antibodies in my blood were the result of a vaccine and not a viral infection? Or vice versa? submitted by /u/OMGbaconpancakes [link] [comments]

Is there a correlation between genetic variation and the long-term dietary patterns of ethnic groups or regional populations? Posted: 21 Nov 2020 06:51 AM PST It makes sense that certain ethnic groups or populations of people may be prone to food intolerances or micronutrient deficiencies because of the foods that were generally available to them for thousands of years, but I'm curious in what other ways people may have evolved based on dietary changes or the availability of specific foods over time. submitted by /u/Oh-Inverted-World [link] [comments]

What does it mean that a vaccine is 95% effective? What happens to the other 5% of people? Posted: 21 Nov 2020 06:40 AM PST submitted by /u/pmMe-PicsOfSpiderMan [link] [comments]

Therapeutic vs prophylactic vaccine? Posted: 21 Nov 2020 05:23 AM PST Why is it difficult to turn a prophylactic vaccine into a therapeutic vaccine? Is it easier to take an effective therapeutic vaccine and use it for prevention??? (For example therapeutic cancer vaccine) submitted by /u/momomom59 [link] [comments]

If you were outside the space station, in your space suit, could you kick off and start hurdling towards Earth? Posted: 20 Nov 2020 11:02 PM PST So I am looking at this really cool clip. https://twitter.com/astro_fonseca/status/1329891492006162433?s=21 Dude appears to be outside working on the space station. I'm watching this wondering if dude could just work his way to the bottom, kick off really hard and just go back to Earth. He would have to take extra air tanks and a parachute, but could they do it? Or would they just move away from the station, not really go anywhere and eventually just die? submitted by /u/BretHanover [link] [comments]

When you move a file around within the same hard drive, does the data physically move too? Or does it just simply change the address? Posted: 20 Nov 2020 06:55 PM PST Now I understand that a single physical drive can have multiple partitions and can be read as multiple distinct drives. In those cases, I believe that yes, the data is physically moving as well when you transfer files over these partitions. But what about if its within the same partition? Say for example, moving it to a different folder to organize your stuff? submitted by /u/Sparky_42 [link] [comments]

Why does hard liquor not have a more profound impact on developing oral and esophageal cancer compared to beer or wine? Posted: 20 Nov 2020 12:35 PM PST It's well established that alcohol is a carcinogen and is positively associated with oral cancer. However, why is the risk/effect not compounded with hard liquor (at or above 40% alcohol by volume)? Wouldn't the concentration of ethanol in high proof bottles damage the epithelium more so than something like beer or wine? submitted by /u/BusinessTAWAY [link] [comments]

How does an epiphany or sudden moment of insight looks like from the brain inner works point of view? Posted: 20 Nov 2020 10:59 AM PST submitted by /u/un3 [link] [comments]

On a cellular level, how does the body heat up? Posted: 20 Nov 2020 09:16 AM PST What does our body do to fight off viruses or germs? I just want a general idea honestly I'm just baffled by the idea of how heat is generated. Do the cells just shake vigorously and the friction produces heat? submitted by /u/AAAEA_ [link] [comments]

In humans why does mitral valve has 2 leaflets and tricuspid has 3? Is it functional or just random? Posted: 20 Nov 2020 09:05 AM PST submitted by /u/laukikarela [link] [comments]

Have cancer treatments actually gotten better or more more effective in the last 30 or so years? It just seems like there are still a lot of people dying from cancer and a lot of people who have been stuck doing chemotherapy. Posted: 20 Nov 2020 01:46 PM PST While I fully recognize that HIV/AIDS and cancer are two completely different animals, considering the fact that there are many types of cancers that can't all be approached in the same manner, just from a lay person's perspective it seems like cancer treatments that the masses get have been frozen in time while HIV/AIDS patients have gone from it being a death sentence to being able to live a fully realized life without too many restrictions since the 80s. Seemingly every week we hear about a revolutionary new cancer treatment and have been for the last 20 or so years yet people are still having to go through chemotherapy like they have been forced to do since the eighties and most likely before that as well. submitted by /u/pouncebounce14 [link] [comments]

Is it possible to have a studder in one language but not in another? Posted: 20 Nov 2020 06:51 AM PST submitted by /u/alwaysremeberURloved [link] [comments]

Radiometric dating in the Bruniquel Cave - how do we know it's the age of construction? Posted: 20 Nov 2020 08:43 AM PST Neanderthal structures (ring of broken stalagmites) in the Bruniquel Cave have been dated to be 176,000 years old. It's given as the date of construction. Uranium-thorium dating has been used on stalagmites. How do we know that this is the date construction and not the age of the rock? submitted by /u/4619 [link] [comments]

What is the mechanism for antimicrobial behavior of silver or copper? Posted: 20 Nov 2020 06:22 AM PST How does putting these materials in the fabric of my shirt so anything to kill microbes? submitted by /u/Tink_Tinkler [link] [comments]

Is there a limit of how many diseases a body can have antibodies to? Where is that information stored in the immune system and does it ever "runs out" of space to add more defenses? Is there a the record of the person who has the most defenses to different viral/bacterial diseases? Posted: 20 Nov 2020 09:19 AM PST Considering that new bacterial/viral diseases are always forming, even if they are not always lethal and/or we form our antibodies with vaccines, could there be a moment that they become too much information for our immune system to track? submitted by /u/sanzako4 [link] [comments]

You are subscribed to email updates from AskScience: Got Questions? Get Answers.. To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now.	Email delivery powered by Google
Google, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States

AskScience AMA Series: We are from the Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute at the University of Washington. The field of Molecular Engineering is novel, but it has had many impactful discoveries in fields ranging from nanomedicine to energy storage! AUA about Molecular Engineering!

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• AskScience AMA Series: We are from the Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute at the University of Washington. The field of Molecular Engineering is novel, but it has had many impactful discoveries in fields ranging from nanomedicine to energy storage! AUA about Molecular Engineering!
• Has anyone studied if the COVID infection mechanism affects what symptoms you get?
• How do vaccines work on transplant patients?
• How did humans eat meat before fire?
• What's the distance between atoms in a solid?
• Is there a theoretical lower limit to the size of a Tokamak?
• Can vaccines give the same long term effects as the virus itself?
• Why doesn't the ChAdOx1 Covid vaccine lead to peripheral tolerance of the spike protein?
• By having your body create a protein and then attack that protein, does the Covid vaccine carry a risk of creating autoimmune disease?
• Since COVID-19 infections grow exponentially, is it possible to determine how far back it really began (whether in the US or elsewhere)?
• Are there tsunamis in the middle of the oceans?
• It looks like the Covid vaccine will work better if you get two shots. What will be the consequences if a lot of people don't get the second shot and anti-vaxxers won't get one at all? Is this going to be with us forever? Will fatality rates (and/or who gets hit hardest) change?
• How do ovarian follicles move through the cortex of the ovary?
• Is there anywhere you can find out about the manufacturing process of the recent coronavirus vaccines?
• How do mRNA vaccines work?
• How do gas pumps know how much gas your car needs?
• Have any other animal hunted entire other species into extinction the way humans have?
• If the measles vaccine is effective (which I’m pretty sure it is) then how would isolated anti-vaxxers cause an outbreak if almost everyone is vaccinated?
• What are the nanoparticles used in vaccines like the newest Covid vaccines?
• What is that sound when we yawn? Why does it only occur while yawning and not during other uses of face muscles?
• Why is bladder carcinoma-in-situ considered high-risk, high-grade whereas most other types of CIS seem to be treated as pre-cancerous neoplasias?

AskScience AMA Series: We are from the Molecular Engineering & Sciences Institute at the University of Washington. The field of Molecular Engineering is novel, but it has had many impactful discoveries in fields ranging from nanomedicine to energy storage! AUA about Molecular Engineering! Posted: 20 Nov 2020 04:00 AM PST We are graduate students, staff, and faculty from the University of Washington Molecular Engineering and Science (MolES) Institute. Molecular Engineering is a new field; we were one of the first Molecular Engineering graduate programs in the world, and one of only two in the United States. Though MolES only opened in 2014, we have had many discoveries to share! Molecular engineering itself is a broad and evolving field that seeks to understand how molecular properties and interactions can be manipulated to design and assemble better materials, systems, and processes for specific functions. Any time you attempt to change the object-level behavior of something by precisely altering it on the molecular level - given knowledge of how molecules in that "something" interacts with one another - you're engaging in a type of molecular engineering. The applications are endless! Some specific examples of Molecular Engineering research being done within the labs of the MolES Institute are: MolES faculty member and Chemistry professor Al Nelson developed a new way to produce medicines and chemicals and preserve them in portable, modular "biofactories" embedded in water-based gels known as hydrogels. This approach could enable access to critical medicines and other compounds in low-resource areas. The Baker lab in MolES and Biochemistry is engineering artificial proteins to self-assemble on a crystal surface. The ability to program these interactions could enable the design of new biomimetic materials with customized chemical reactivity or mechanical properties, that can serve as scaffolds for nano-filters, solar cells or electronic circuits. Bioengineering/MolES Institute Professor Kelly Stevens developed a new 3D printing approach to create biocompatible hydrogels with life-like vasculature - opening the possibility of printing living human tissue for things like organ replacement! Researchers in MolES and Chemical Engineering professor Elizabeth Nance's lab are attempting to deliver therapeutics to the brain using tiny nanoparticles that can effectively cross the blood-brain-barrier in brain injury and disease. As a MolES PhD student in Valerie Daggett's lab, Dylan Shea studies the molecular events that occur in the earliest stages of Alzheimer's disease to better understand the structural transitions that take place in Alzheimer's-associated proteins. This knowledge will inform the development of diagnostic tests for early pre-symptomatic detection. MolES PhD student Jason Fontana is working in the labs of James Carothers and Jesse Zalatan to develop tools that facilitate genetic engineering in bacteria for optimizing biosynthesis of valuable products. Molecular engineering is recognized by the National Academy of Engineering as one of the areas of education and research most critical to ensuring the future economic, environmental and medical health of the U.S. As a highly interdisciplinary field spanning across the science and engineering space, students of Molecular Engineering have produced numerous impactful scientific discoveries. We specifically believe that Molecular Engineering could be an exciting avenue for up-and-coming young scientists, and thus we would like to further general awareness of our discipline! Here to answer your questions are: Alshakim Nelson - ( /u/polymerprof ) Assistant Professor of Chemistry, MolES Director of Education Research area: polymer chemistry, self-assembly, stimuli-responsive materials, 3D printing Christine Luscombe ( /u/luscombe_christine ) - Campbell Career Development Endowed Professor and Interim Chair of Materials Science & Engineering, Professor of Chemistry. Research area: clean energy, photonics, semiconductor, polymer chemistry James Carothers (/u/CarothersChem) - Assistant Professor of Chemical Engineering Research area: synthetic biology, RNA systems modeling, metabolic engineering David Beck ( /u/DACBUW ) - Research Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering Research area: data science, software engineering, systems biology, biophysical chemistry Ben Nguyen ( /u/nguyencd296 ) - First Year PhD Student Research area: polymer chemistry, drug delivery Nam Phuong Nguyen ( /u/npnguyen8 ) - Second Year PhD Student Research area: nanotherapeutics, drug delivery, neuroscience, biomaterials Evan Pepper ( /u/evanpepper ) - First Year PhD Student Research area: synthetic biology, systems biology Ayumi Pottenger ( /u/errorhandlenotfound ) - Second Year PhD Student Research area: infectious disease, drug delivery, polymer chemistry David Juergens ( /u/deepchem) - Second Year PhD Student Research area: protein engineering, deep learning, data science Paul Neubert ( /u/UW-Mole-PhD ) - PhD Program Advisor We'll start to answer questions at 1PM ET (18 UT), AUA! submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator [link] [comments]

Has anyone studied if the COVID infection mechanism affects what symptoms you get? Posted: 20 Nov 2020 04:47 AM PST I haven't been able to find any articles but I've been wondering if the way you contract COVID (e.g. inhalation vs surface contact) leads to different symptoms (e.g. no taste or smell vs sore throat) or something of the sort. Please let me know if you've seen studies on this! submitted by /u/sos-im-not-creative [link] [comments]

How do vaccines work on transplant patients? Posted: 19 Nov 2020 09:29 AM PST On lots of immunosuppressants? Are they effective? submitted by /u/freemike [link] [comments]

How did humans eat meat before fire? Posted: 19 Nov 2020 02:23 PM PST submitted by /u/boarbora [link] [comments]

What's the distance between atoms in a solid? Posted: 20 Nov 2020 09:02 AM PST Just wondering how close together atoms are together in a solid item or molecule. I know that electrons are far from the nucleus but say i have two atoms next to each other, are the nuclei seperated by the electrons or are the electrons just kind of interlocked and the nuclei next to eachother? submitted by /u/SupHerMan1 [link] [comments]

Is there a theoretical lower limit to the size of a Tokamak? Posted: 20 Nov 2020 08:23 AM PST I've always thought that Tokamaks are underutilized as "applied phlebotium" in sci-fi. In our current understanding, is there a lower limit to the size of the torus? Or restrictions in the relation between inner and outer radii? Can I write a story set in the 24th century where the characters use Tokamaks the size of a CD to power up their suits? Thanks in advance submitted by /u/UndercoverDoll49 [link] [comments]

Can vaccines give the same long term effects as the virus itself? Posted: 20 Nov 2020 05:33 AM PST This is obviously just a hypothetical situation since we can't really know, but let's say that 10 years from now people start experience heart problems and it's traced back to people who have had Covid. Would the people who never had Covid and were vaccinated for it also have a chance at these side effects? Assuming they've not been exposed to Covid at all after vaccination. I'm asking cause with my very limited vaccine understanding I know a vaccine is a form of the virus itself. submitted by /u/sfgsdd [link] [comments]

Why doesn't the ChAdOx1 Covid vaccine lead to peripheral tolerance of the spike protein? Posted: 20 Nov 2020 06:20 AM PST The virus leads to expression of the spike protein on healthy cells, without CD80/86 and with host cell markers shouldn't this lead to T cell anergy when peptides are presented by MHC? submitted by /u/rkimmunology [link] [comments]

By having your body create a protein and then attack that protein, does the Covid vaccine carry a risk of creating autoimmune disease? Posted: 20 Nov 2020 06:18 AM PST submitted by /u/SeattleBrad [link] [comments]

Since COVID-19 infections grow exponentially, is it possible to determine how far back it really began (whether in the US or elsewhere)? Posted: 19 Nov 2020 07:49 AM PST I ask this out of curiosity, since people speculate "I think I had it back in December 2019." In the US, initially people thought it only began in March of 2020, and later determined that some people died from it in February. If the infection rate pattern follows a mathematical curve, can we follow that backwards to an estimated time of arrival? I also know very little of the subjects involved, but I had heard something similar in regards to other things. Please don't hurt me. submitted by /u/DeludedOptimism [link] [comments]

Are there tsunamis in the middle of the oceans? Posted: 19 Nov 2020 02:04 PM PST Or they tend to happen near of the land? submitted by /u/rdfporcazzo [link] [comments]

It looks like the Covid vaccine will work better if you get two shots. What will be the consequences if a lot of people don't get the second shot and anti-vaxxers won't get one at all? Is this going to be with us forever? Will fatality rates (and/or who gets hit hardest) change? Posted: 19 Nov 2020 06:44 PM PST submitted by /u/StateOfContusion [link] [comments]

How do ovarian follicles move through the cortex of the ovary? Posted: 20 Nov 2020 02:49 AM PST How is that possible with all the blood vessels, and theca cells around them? Do the theca cells move with them? What happens to the cells of the cortex itself? submitted by /u/Kemo-III [link] [comments]

Is there anywhere you can find out about the manufacturing process of the recent coronavirus vaccines? Posted: 19 Nov 2020 05:41 PM PST I'm not anti vax by any means, I'm just really curious. submitted by /u/AtwellJ [link] [comments]

How do mRNA vaccines work? Posted: 19 Nov 2020 09:14 AM PST What I read about mRNA vaccines says that they program your cells to produce antigens. This sounds horrifying, but I'll admit there's a lot I don't understand, and my background isn't in biology. Is this just a temporary change or will the cells be producing antigens for the rest of your life? submitted by /u/throwwowwee [link] [comments]

How do gas pumps know how much gas your car needs? Posted: 19 Nov 2020 10:47 AM PST I have always wondered this and I never understand the articles when I google it. submitted by /u/YoungsterSP [link] [comments]

Have any other animal hunted entire other species into extinction the way humans have? Posted: 19 Nov 2020 05:25 PM PST submitted by /u/jml011 [link] [comments]

If the measles vaccine is effective (which I’m pretty sure it is) then how would isolated anti-vaxxers cause an outbreak if almost everyone is vaccinated? Posted: 19 Nov 2020 12:07 PM PST I was just thinking, since the vaccine at least mostly works, you should be pretty safe from measles if you've got the vaccine. So I guess I just don't get how an outbreak can happen if the majority is vaccinated. submitted by /u/Mr_GrammarNazi [link] [comments]

What are the nanoparticles used in vaccines like the newest Covid vaccines? Posted: 19 Nov 2020 07:22 PM PST Are they like nanobots? Can they be programmed? How does it all work? submitted by /u/oroborealis [link] [comments]

What is that sound when we yawn? Why does it only occur while yawning and not during other uses of face muscles? Posted: 19 Nov 2020 05:15 AM PST submitted by /u/DaChristianator [link] [comments]

Why is bladder carcinoma-in-situ considered high-risk, high-grade whereas most other types of CIS seem to be treated as pre-cancerous neoplasias? Posted: 19 Nov 2020 02:33 PM PST What's so special or different about bladder CIS? It's usually considered more serious than a pTa tumour, and it's more aggressive and treatment-resistant/recurrent. This is counter-intuitive to the general conception of CIS being a pre-cancerous mass of cells growing in place. How is it different on a cellular and pathophysiological level? submitted by /u/currently_ [link] [comments]

You are subscribed to email updates from AskScience: Got Questions? Get Answers.. To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now.	Email delivery powered by Google
Google, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States

Why do some vaccines require a booster shot a few weeks later after the first one?

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• Why do some vaccines require a booster shot a few weeks later after the first one?
• Do people who are injured more regularly heal faster?
• Do Drug Trials get Peer-reviewed? (Related to Pfizer's COVID vaccine that's supposedly 95% effective)
• AskScience AMA Series: I'm Kostas Kampourakis, a science educator at the University of Geneva, author of Understanding Evolution, published by Cambridge University Press, and editor of the CUP book series Understanding Life. Ask me anything about evolutionary theory, the unifying theory of biology.
• If the human brain doesn't have pain receptors why do people get headaches?
• Does the fallopian tube bring any interstitial "junk" into the uterus, and if so how does the body deal with it?
• How much do we know about mRNA vaccines?
• How viable is the theory of the 'Big Crunch', where gravitational forces get stronger than expansive forces, and the universe eventually crunches itself up over time, potentially creating another big bang?
• If you're immune to a virus, does it still "enter your system" before your immune system fights it off, or it is blocked from entry/replication entirely?
• After hearing about how human hearing is logarithmic, A question for the scientists out there. If you want something to sound twice as loud, how much louder does the power have to be multiplied by?
• What are the actual mortality rates for covid by comorbidity?
• Is there an electron - neutron bound state?
• What happens to serotonin after it binds with postsynaptic proteins?
• Is the weight of a line distributed throughout the line, or is it "felt" at every point along the line?
• Is it possible for a species to evolve to be symbiotic with a virus?
• How does the product Zanfel work on Poison Ivy Exposure?
• Does the success of the Covid-19 vaccine mean that they will stop the trials?
• Why are noodles made from some starches clear, while noodles made from other starches opaque?
• Is there such a thing as vacuum rated grease for rotary mechanisms on spacecraft? Or are all those components sealed and pressurized?

Why do some vaccines require a booster shot a few weeks later after the first one? Posted: 18 Nov 2020 04:09 PM PST submitted by /u/TheOnly0neLeft [link] [comments]

Do people who are injured more regularly heal faster? Posted: 19 Nov 2020 04:02 AM PST I've been doing some teaching which has required me to provide some blood so that we can demonstrate blood typing with agglutinins. In order to obtain the blood I've been using disposable lancets like a diabetic person would use on my fingers. When I'm not in the lab I'm an avid gamer so I've really started to notice the small wounds on my fingers after doing this twice a day for a week. I wonder whether diabetic people who have to do this regularly for life heal more quickly? Or do they just put up with it without moaning unlike myself I am not particularly well versed in the mechanisms of wound healing, however I would think that regular injury of a particular tissue could lead to up regulation of genes related to these pathways within those tissues and thus faster healing? submitted by /u/RichardsonM24 [link] [comments]

Do Drug Trials get Peer-reviewed? (Related to Pfizer's COVID vaccine that's supposedly 95% effective) Posted: 18 Nov 2020 10:27 AM PST Hi everyone! I currently have a discussion with my friend about whether or not having Pfizer's trials get peer-reviewed. From my understanding, the approval process for new drugs are stringent enough to make peer-review unnecessary. So do drug trial results get peer-reviewed? submitted by /u/erikumali [link] [comments]

AskScience AMA Series: I'm Kostas Kampourakis, a science educator at the University of Geneva, author of Understanding Evolution, published by Cambridge University Press, and editor of the CUP book series Understanding Life. Ask me anything about evolutionary theory, the unifying theory of biology. Posted: 19 Nov 2020 04:00 AM PST Hi Reddit! I'm a biologist by training, and the author and editor of several books about science. I have written extensively on the teaching and the public understanding of evolution, genetics and nature of science. My research and writings are interdisciplinary, combining insights from science, history of science, philosophy of science and psychology. I believe that scholars should do our society a service by serving as public intellectuals who educate non-experts on topics, and this is a contribution I would very much like to make through my books. Evolution is one of the most important ideas in science, yet evolutionary theory has been - and still is - hotly debated in the public sphere. But why do the debates about evolution persist, despite the plentiful evidence for it? Why do people find the idea of evolution hard to understand or accept? Why do some people think of evolution as a nihilistic idea that deprives life from meaning? These are the central questions of my new book Understanding Evolution. Ask me anything about: evolution in the public sphere evolution and religion the conceptual obstacles to understanding evolution the development of Darwin's theory the most important evolutionary concepts evolution and scientism I'll be here, from 12 noon to 2pm ET (17-19 UT), Ask Me Anything! Username: /u/Kostas_Kampourakis submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator [link] [comments]

If the human brain doesn't have pain receptors why do people get headaches? Posted: 19 Nov 2020 01:54 AM PST submitted by /u/throatafrog [link] [comments]

Does the fallopian tube bring any interstitial "junk" into the uterus, and if so how does the body deal with it? Posted: 18 Nov 2020 05:50 PM PST So I know that the fallopian tubes are lined with cilia to help guide the egg into the uterus and it is my understanding that the fallopian tubes are not actually connected to the ovaries and therefore are open to the interstitial space of the body cavity. This has me wondering if the cilia ever bring in random stuff that might be floating around in the body cavity. If it does, how does the uterus cope and not become infected or injured? submitted by /u/Mossfeather [link] [comments]

How much do we know about mRNA vaccines? Posted: 19 Nov 2020 07:16 AM PST How much study has there been around mRNA vaccines? How much worry should we have around them? Just to note, I am in no way anti-vax, I just worry about the novel approach of making the human cells generate proteins via DNA manipulation. Please tell me I'm just being paranoid :) (this is coming from someone who has been on various biologics such as Remicade, Humira, and Entyvio) submitted by /u/baconstreet [link] [comments]

How viable is the theory of the 'Big Crunch', where gravitational forces get stronger than expansive forces, and the universe eventually crunches itself up over time, potentially creating another big bang? Posted: 18 Nov 2020 10:05 PM PST submitted by /u/SkyRocketMiner [link] [comments]

If you're immune to a virus, does it still "enter your system" before your immune system fights it off, or it is blocked from entry/replication entirely? Posted: 18 Nov 2020 12:02 PM PST EDIT: Thanks to u/iayork, I know now I was imprecisely and verbosely dancing around the concept of sterilizing immunity (in contrast to -- from what I understand of the term via Google -- infection-permissive immunity). I asked this question on a question thread in r/COVID19, but I'm curious about viruses and immunity in general, not just COVID. To shed more light on my question, I have a friend who tested positive for COVID antibodies over the summer (after presumably having an asymptomatic case at some point), had many negative tests over the past several months, and then tested positive for COVID on a PCR test again a couple weeks ago. Both times she was asymptomatic. Could this mean that the immune system is doing exactly what it's supposed to do — i.e. the second time she got exposed, her body recognized the virus, fought it off, and she was never actually infectious? That is, I assume "immunity" doesn't actually prevent the virus from entering your body, but rather your immune system recognizes it and knows how to properly respond. So can you have a true positive in this case because the virus has managed to make it into your system again and PCR tests are overly sensitive and will pick up on even a miniscule trace of virus? To get ahead of an answer I've already gotten: she has had many negative PCR tests between the positive antibody test and this most recent PCR test (she's someone who tests periodically as a precaution) so it seems less likely to me that this is one of those cases of someone consistently testing positive for months due to viral remnants. That all said: COVID aside, how does this work in a broad sense? We don't test as frequently or with such high sensitivity for other viruses, but if we did, could an immune or vaccinated person theoretically have a virus "in their system" at a level high enough to test positive for it on a molecular test, but not be symptomatic or infectious because their body already knows how to fight it? [Edit: formatting] submitted by /u/owlrabbitfox [link] [comments]

After hearing about how human hearing is logarithmic, A question for the scientists out there. If you want something to sound twice as loud, how much louder does the power have to be multiplied by? Posted: 18 Nov 2020 06:36 PM PST submitted by /u/Blockbuster999 [link] [comments]

What are the actual mortality rates for covid by comorbidity? Posted: 18 Nov 2020 08:35 PM PST That is to say, the mortality rate in patients with diabetes as opposed to hypertension, for example. submitted by /u/33_mersintantuni [link] [comments]

Is there an electron - neutron bound state? Posted: 18 Nov 2020 06:39 PM PST An electron and a neutron shouldn't interact with each other much, but they both have magnetic dipole moments which could cause an attraction. Also, if the electron induces a very small electric dipole on the neutron then the two particles should be attracted. There should also be a minute attraction due to gravity. In short it seems like there are a few effects that could cause very slight attraction, without anything causing repulsion, so I'd expect the particles could have a very weakly bound state. submitted by /u/suoirucimalsi [link] [comments]

What happens to serotonin after it binds with postsynaptic proteins? Posted: 18 Nov 2020 09:45 PM PST When serotonin passes the synaptic cleft and binds with postsynaptic proteins, what happens to them after that? submitted by /u/SuperGameTheory [link] [comments]

Is the weight of a line distributed throughout the line, or is it "felt" at every point along the line? Posted: 18 Nov 2020 08:08 AM PST Imagine a length of monofilament fishing line (which for these purposes we'll assume is uniform and undamaged in any way) that is suspended vertically. Now let's assume that it's a reallllllly long length, long enough that the total weight of the length surpasses the line's rated breaking strength. This would be hundreds of thousands of feet in practice, I don't know if it factors into the question or not. Say the line is 100,000 feet long and it is expected to break with 10 lbs of (force? load? tension?), and the whole 100,000 foot length weighs 20 lbs. My primary question is: will the line break? More generally what I'm wondering is how the 10 lbs is distributed along the line. Will the line break at the point where the weight of the line below exceeds 10 pounds? Will it break at a random spot? Will it not break at all because the 20 lbs is distributed evenly along the entire length of the line? Is the answer different if there's a significant weight tied to the end of the line, say a 1 lbs weight or a 9 lbs weight or a 11 lbs weight. I don't even know the vocabulary to go search for info on this. By the way, this is not a practical problem, this is just idle curiosity. submitted by /u/ecklesweb [link] [comments]

Is it possible for a species to evolve to be symbiotic with a virus? Posted: 18 Nov 2020 10:29 PM PST Like a particular virus is beneficial to the species so it just continues to spread and evolve until its pretty much a part of the species (in the DNA?) or would a virus eventually die out even if it's beneficial? submitted by /u/keontre83 [link] [comments]

How does the product Zanfel work on Poison Ivy Exposure? Posted: 18 Nov 2020 06:57 PM PST The Zanfel product site says the following but doesn't really explain how it does this Q: How does Zanfel stop the itching, redness, and swelling? A: Zanfel removes urushiol, the oil in poison ivy that binds to the skin and produces the symptoms of itching, redness, and swelling. Zanfel surrounds and removes the toxin from the dermal layers so that the body may immediately begin healing, and will no longer attack itself. This process is done very quickly and efficiently so that relief usually comes within 30 seconds! I'd love to understand how this cream works. submitted by /u/coned88 [link] [comments]

Does the success of the Covid-19 vaccine mean that they will stop the trials? Posted: 18 Nov 2020 06:43 PM PST submitted by /u/parrotlunaire [link] [comments]

Why are noodles made from some starches clear, while noodles made from other starches opaque? Posted: 18 Nov 2020 07:39 AM PST submitted by /u/hwc000000 [link] [comments]

Is there such a thing as vacuum rated grease for rotary mechanisms on spacecraft? Or are all those components sealed and pressurized? Posted: 18 Nov 2020 06:37 AM PST This occurred to me seeing a picture of the Dragon Capsule's top hatch opening to dock with the ISS. It looks like the tip of the cone rotates out of the way, and it's on the exterior of the craft so I'm not sure how that motion would be sealed against vacuum. Or do they design the components to work without lubrication? submitted by /u/TomorrowMay [link] [comments]

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