How does the sun not burn up all of its hydrogen and subsequent fused elements almost instantaneously?

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• How does the sun not burn up all of its hydrogen and subsequent fused elements almost instantaneously?
• Do countries make their own vaccines like the seasonal Flu shot?
• It seems that infectious diseases that kill too quickly never have a chance to spread. How often are people the first and only (or among very few) to die of a novel but short lived infectious disease?
• What is the etymology of modern Black names like LaKeisha, Devonte, Shanice, D'Andre, etc?
• How much energy is consumed when arc lightning is created?
• Does an antibody only ever protect against a single virus? Or do any protect against more than one?
• How do morphemic writing systems (for example Chinese) write down "sounds" that don't necessarily correlate to actual words? Examples in English would be "oof", "ugh", "ngh", "tsk", etc.
• How does a computer translate binary numbers to the corresponding decimal characters?
• Why does the hole in the ozone layer always hang out over antarctica?
• If grapefruit compounds interact with so many drug pathways, why aren’t they normally toxic?
• If the temperature of something depends on the speed at which the particles are moving, we know that the minimum speed is repose and that’s the minimum temperature, the absolute zero (0 kelvin). Why if we have a maximum speed (speed of light), we don’t have a maximum of temperature?
• Why do some materials become ashes and other melt?
• After vaccination/infection do the antibodies stay in your blood for life or do they deplete immediately after, leaving memory B cells to roam and reinitiate Ab production when the pathogen in question re-enters the body?
• Are there any scientific studies demonstrating the difference in magnitude of the placebo effect on skeptics versus believers? If so, what are the results?
• How come evolution didn’t lead to animals adapting to drinking salt water?

How does the sun not burn up all of its hydrogen and subsequent fused elements almost instantaneously? Posted: 27 Oct 2020 04:36 PM PDT The sun is literally on fire 100% of the time, fusing hydrogen to helium, helium to carbon,etc.. How does it not burn up all at once? Or, how does the sun not fuse all of the hydrogens and heliums etc. all within a relatively short time frame? If you filled a room with a gas like propane and lit a match, the room would explode and most of the propane would be burned up right then and there. How does this not happen with the sun? submitted by /u/Ronaldinho910 [link] [comments]

Do countries make their own vaccines like the seasonal Flu shot? Posted: 28 Oct 2020 06:50 AM PDT I'm in Canada. Do we make our own Flu shots? submitted by /u/prayingfordebbie [link] [comments]

It seems that infectious diseases that kill too quickly never have a chance to spread. How often are people the first and only (or among very few) to die of a novel but short lived infectious disease? Posted: 27 Oct 2020 10:23 PM PDT submitted by /u/doublesigned [link] [comments]

What is the etymology of modern Black names like LaKeisha, Devonte, Shanice, D'Andre, etc? Posted: 27 Oct 2020 08:14 AM PDT Firstly, I wanna make it clear: I am *not* trying to exotify or mock Black names or Black culture. I am *fully* in support of Black parents being able to name their kids what they want. I think that coming up with non-slave-names is a powerful reclamation of what was stolen from them. Mocking these names (or refusing to pronounce them) is straight-up racist. What I'm curious about: why were *those* names chosen in particular? I know the trend of Black name reclamation started in the 60s, and it rose with the Black Power Movement. I know that a lot of Black people took Muslim names, or names from SubSaharan cultures. But the names I'm talking about (LaKeisha, Devonte, Shanice, D'Andre, etc) don't seem to have roots in SubSaharan or North African cultures. EDIT: to clarify: I'm wondering where the name "Devonte" came from. Or names that start with La or D', etc. These unique names aren't completely random. There are trends amongst them, trends that were picked up by Black families nationwide. This implies they have shared roots and/or influences. So what are those roots/influences? Wikipedia says the names have French origins, starting in New Orleans. I can see the French influence for sure (La, D', etc)... but most Black people in this country don't come from New Orleans. They may have origins in the South), but most don't come from New Orleans or even French Louisiana. So why did Black families nationwide begin adopting French-inspired naming conventions, starting in the same decade? Hope this question makes sense. Thanks for your response! submitted by /u/Minuet_In_GenesPoBoy [link] [comments]

How much energy is consumed when arc lightning is created? Posted: 27 Oct 2020 05:13 PM PDT Hoping the flair is correct. I tried googling the answer, but I couldn't find anything useful. I'm wondering how much energy would be consumed in a typical lightning arc between to blades of metal about 4-5 inches apart? Also, what would it take to reasonably power it for a few minutes at a time? submitted by /u/Shadowdragon409 [link] [comments]

Does an antibody only ever protect against a single virus? Or do any protect against more than one? Posted: 28 Oct 2020 05:04 AM PDT submitted by /u/i_never_ever_learn [link] [comments]

How do morphemic writing systems (for example Chinese) write down "sounds" that don't necessarily correlate to actual words? Examples in English would be "oof", "ugh", "ngh", "tsk", etc. Posted: 27 Oct 2020 05:12 PM PDT I don't know written Chinese so I apologize in advance if I have misunderstood how that language in particular works. submitted by /u/jeremy1015 [link] [comments]

How does a computer translate binary numbers to the corresponding decimal characters? Posted: 28 Oct 2020 03:31 AM PDT Even though I am a graduated computer engineer, I never understood exactly how binary numbers can get translated so easily to the characters that are printed on screen. I Googled it a bunch of times and the results I found were mostly: Mathematical instructions of how to translate binary to decimal. Basic stuff, but it requires arithmetic in decimal, which a processor can not do: the solution of the processor will still be binary. Does it use flags to designate which character [0-9] goes where? Or a look-up table? A bunch of logic? Then how is it such an effortless and historically universal function of a computer system? BCD (binary coded decimal) which is a way of encoding decimal numbers [0-9] into a nibble e.g. [0000-1001]. This appears to be just a specialized implementation of arithmetic which makes it easier to convert to decimal, but it is not used in most present-day computers. So my question is the following: how exactly does an average computer system translate the binary result of a calculation (e.g. 11010110) to decimal characters (e.g. -42)? And how does it happen so effortlessly? submitted by /u/Tyssy [link] [comments]

Why does the hole in the ozone layer always hang out over antarctica? Posted: 27 Oct 2020 12:35 PM PDT Why Antarctica? Is there also a hole in the ozone layer over the north pole that no one ever talks about? submitted by /u/hubau [link] [comments]

If grapefruit compounds interact with so many drug pathways, why aren’t they normally toxic? Posted: 27 Oct 2020 01:10 PM PDT I often see that you shouldn't eat grapefruits if you are taking certain medications. If the grapefruit components are inhibiting drug pathways, wouldn't they also inhibit important endogenous pathways? submitted by /u/bogdogfroghoglog [link] [comments]

If the temperature of something depends on the speed at which the particles are moving, we know that the minimum speed is repose and that’s the minimum temperature, the absolute zero (0 kelvin). Why if we have a maximum speed (speed of light), we don’t have a maximum of temperature? Posted: 27 Oct 2020 09:12 AM PDT I mean, why would happen if the particles of something were moving at the 99,999999999 (infinite 9s) of the speed of light? There must be a limit of the temperature that anything can get. Am I wrong? submitted by /u/mitadrojomitadnegro [link] [comments]

Why do some materials become ashes and other melt? Posted: 27 Oct 2020 10:37 AM PDT Well that's kind of my question really... like why iron and cheese melt but wood or Doritos melt...I know it sounds silly to ask that but I was thinking about and damm I don't really know and just kinda wanted to ask reddit. Stay safe and good deeds. submitted by /u/AncientMarduk [link] [comments]

After vaccination/infection do the antibodies stay in your blood for life or do they deplete immediately after, leaving memory B cells to roam and reinitiate Ab production when the pathogen in question re-enters the body? Posted: 27 Oct 2020 09:42 AM PDT So a new study by Imperial College London has found that antibody levels in the blood to Covid-19 wains after a few months meaning that this form of immunity "disappears", but why is this the case? Isn't this what you would expect? Surely the antibodies in the blood would be broken down leaving memory B cells to circulate so that if a new Covid-19 virus does enter the body they can respond but producing new Abs? Rather than antibodies staying in the blood ready to bind to coronavirus antigens. submitted by /u/BareHench [link] [comments]

Are there any scientific studies demonstrating the difference in magnitude of the placebo effect on skeptics versus believers? If so, what are the results? Posted: 27 Oct 2020 12:29 PM PDT For example, if you compared the effects of say essential oils on the headaches of 100 skeptics versus 100 non-skeptics, would there be statistically significant variances between the two groups? I consider myself a skeptic so maybe my bias is showing with the wording here, but I'm genuinely curious to know what the difference of the placebo effect is on people with different levels of belief. submitted by /u/premeditatedsleepove [link] [comments]

How come evolution didn’t lead to animals adapting to drinking salt water? Posted: 27 Oct 2020 05:01 AM PDT I was recently watching the "Out Planet" documentary by Sir David Attenborough and there are remarkable species of plants and animals that have evolved in extremely complex and beautiful ways. Given the abundance of salt water on our planet in comparison to fresh water, I was wondering why animals (or plants) haven't developed mechanisms to survive on drinking salt water rather than fresh? The only explanation I could think of was that animals were usually inland and not near oceans but that is flawed logic as a lot of birds and animals coexist along shores. submitted by /u/sriramg98 [link] [comments]

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How much of the ocean do we actually have mapped/imaged? Do we really even know what exists in the deepest abyss?

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• How much of the ocean do we actually have mapped/imaged? Do we really even know what exists in the deepest abyss?
• How do we know that the Mariana Trench is indeed the deepest point on earth, if we’ve only explored/mapped 15% of the ocean floor?
• If some big disaster occured and wiped out almost all of humanity, how many people would be needed to keep our species alive and why?
• AskScience AMA Series: We are experts here to answer your questions on shortages of laboratory testing supplies for COVID-19 and other infectious diseases. AUA!
• Technically speaking, can you generate a truly random number?
• Why are optic fiber cables (or the technology) is ‘faster’ if the speed of electrons is very close to the speed of photons?
• If 8% of the human genome is retro-viral DNA, are we 8% old virus? Will this number ever reach a point where our original DNA is corrupted?
• Why does the Soyuz fire do its deorbiting burn with the orbital module?
• Does the equivalence principle apply to any attractive field?
• What is the mechanism by which seizures end?
• With ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma), how are you able to harness the energy if it reaches temps between 6000K - 10000K. Wouldn’t the exterior melt instantly?
• Are elements heavier than Iron produced by fusion in supermassive stars?
• Does the variety of genomes of a virus have any impact on vaccination attempts?

How much of the ocean do we actually have mapped/imaged? Do we really even know what exists in the deepest abyss? Posted: 26 Oct 2020 09:42 PM PDT submitted by /u/WatchOutHesBehindYou [link] [comments]

How do we know that the Mariana Trench is indeed the deepest point on earth, if we’ve only explored/mapped 15% of the ocean floor? Posted: 27 Oct 2020 05:59 AM PDT submitted by /u/PikaMasterWasTaken [link] [comments]

If some big disaster occured and wiped out almost all of humanity, how many people would be needed to keep our species alive and why? Posted: 26 Oct 2020 05:19 PM PDT submitted by /u/Schnippleslurp [link] [comments]

AskScience AMA Series: We are experts here to answer your questions on shortages of laboratory testing supplies for COVID-19 and other infectious diseases. AUA! Posted: 27 Oct 2020 04:00 AM PDT Since March, clinical microbiology laboratories have faced shortages of testing supplies, including SARS-CoV-2 molecular test reagents. Due to the growing demand and need for COVID-19 testing, production of supplies required to test for other infectious diseases has dwindled. This has led to a ripple effect of shortages and is causing a major delay in testing for common infections, such as urinary tract infections, sexually-transmitted infections including chlamydia and gonorrhea, gastroenteritis and cystic fibrosis. Join us today at 2 PM ET for a discussion organized by the American Society for Microbiology (ASM) on approaches being taken to catalogue, track and address these supply shortages. In particular, we'll discuss a new platform developed by the Association for Supply Chain Management and the ASM to monitor real-time levels of, and demand for, COVID-19 testing supplies down to the level of individual laboratories. We'll also answer your questions about future decisions about supply chain management of laboratory reagents and testing protocols. Ask us anything! With us today are: Dr. Amanda Harrington, PhD, D(ABMM) (u/aharrington1884)- Director, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory; Associate Professor and Vice Chair for Clinical Pathology; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Dr. Melissa Miller, Ph.D., D(ABMM), F(AAM) (u/melmillerphd)- Professor, Pathology & Laboratory Medicine; Director, Clinical Molecular Microbiology Laboratory; Director, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, University of North Carolina School of Medicine Sherri Goodlove (u/sgoodlove)- Vice President, Marketing, Association for Supply Chain Management Peter A. Bolstorff, CSCP, SCOR-P (u/Pbolstorff)- Executive Vice President, Corporate Development, Association for Supply Chain Management Dr. Susan Butler-Wu, Ph.D., D(ABMM), SM(ASCP) (u/butlerwu77)- Associate Professor of Clinical Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Links: Shortage tool: https://asm.org/Articles/2020/September/Clinical-Microbiology-Supply-Shortage-Collecti-1 https://www.asm.org https://www.ascm.org/ submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator [link] [comments]

Technically speaking, can you generate a truly random number? Posted: 26 Oct 2020 03:08 PM PDT submitted by /u/ElmoOnSteroids [link] [comments]

Why are optic fiber cables (or the technology) is ‘faster’ if the speed of electrons is very close to the speed of photons? Posted: 26 Oct 2020 01:50 PM PDT submitted by /u/abdo1231997 [link] [comments]

If 8% of the human genome is retro-viral DNA, are we 8% old virus? Will this number ever reach a point where our original DNA is corrupted? Posted: 26 Oct 2020 05:35 PM PDT I'm by no means a biologist but I've been hearing some things and reading some cursory articles on retro viruses and find it fascinating. I'm curious what other things would be good to know about them, that are understandable to someone not in biology, and how exactly they work and affect us submitted by /u/lmboyer04 [link] [comments]

Why does the Soyuz fire do its deorbiting burn with the orbital module? Posted: 26 Oct 2020 06:22 PM PDT It seems like a waste of propellant to put the orbital module on a trajectory towards earth's atmosphere because it doesn't contain any crew, and it will burn up on its way down. submitted by /u/Puppy_Cat_Meowz2020 [link] [comments]

Does the equivalence principle apply to any attractive field? Posted: 27 Oct 2020 03:07 AM PDT I'm working my way through a General Relativity course. The equivalence principle basically says a person in a gravitational field cannot distinguish between being in that field from being in an accelerated reference frame. Intuitively it seems to me that if you get rid of the gravitational field, and instead have some charged object (say negatively charged), being attracted to some fixed positively charged object, the negatively charged object would also experience something indistinguishable from being in an accelerated reference frame. If that's the case it seems like general relativity would apply to any attractive field, not just gravity. Where have I gone wrong in my understanding here? submitted by /u/k2900 [link] [comments]

What is the mechanism by which seizures end? Posted: 26 Oct 2020 12:13 PM PDT I am not a neuroscientist, but I did study some amount of neuroscience in college through a psych minor and a general interest in computational neuroscience. My (very naive) understanding is that epileptic seizures are caused by an abnormal synchronous firing of neurons in the brain and that once this abnormal activity starts it somehow perpetuates itself. I'm also under the impression that most seizures end without major consequences on their own after a few minutes. What changes during that time to allow the brain to return to normal? Why do seizures not continue indefinitely or until treated with medicine once they start? submitted by /u/Alcool91 [link] [comments]

With ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma), how are you able to harness the energy if it reaches temps between 6000K - 10000K. Wouldn’t the exterior melt instantly? Posted: 27 Oct 2020 06:45 AM PDT submitted by /u/ElonMuskTsla [link] [comments]

Are elements heavier than Iron produced by fusion in supermassive stars? Posted: 26 Oct 2020 06:43 PM PDT Ok, like we all know, the fusion process in the largest stars results in rings of increasingly heavier elements in the core that require higher temperatures/pressures to fuse until it gets to a core of iron, after which it can't proceed further in using fusion to support itself and experiences core collapse shortly after. What I have never been able to get exactly because of non-specific phrasing though is...is it that the star cannot fuse anything with Iron or that fusion with Iron is endothermic instead of exothermic? As in, does the lack of fusion in the core create the lack of energy to support the gravity of the star or does it actually fuse elements higher than Iron but, since that is actively taking energy instead of producing it it even more rapidly depletes the ability to resist gravity? What is the specific fusion chain seen in stars for the heavier elements? I guess it's a weird question because stars obviously produce heavier elements once the supernova actually starts...but is there a clear line between "This star is moments before supernova" and "This star has started to supernova"? If it DOES fuse elements higher than Fe, thus stealing energy, would it get a significant fraction of the core transmuted before final collapse or would it be tiny pockets causing the irreversible shift in energy production? submitted by /u/Welpe [link] [comments]

Does the variety of genomes of a virus have any impact on vaccination attempts? Posted: 26 Oct 2020 08:45 PM PDT https://nextstrain.org/ncov/global I came across this site the other day, that is supposedly "Showing 3728 of 3728 genomes sampled between Dec 2019 and Oct 2020." for ncov. I might require a fairly simplistic answer, but what can you gain from this website? Will a vaccine based on the coronavirus in europe work in australia? And any other information you deem worth adding, I'd like to hear! submitted by /u/etch_ [link] [comments]

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AskScience AMA Series: I am a leading researcher in the areas of cannabis plant science and plant physiology at Volcani Agriculture Research Center, in Israel. My name is Nirit Bernstein and I am researching cannabis plant sciences, and the best ways to grow medical cannabis, Ask Me Anything!

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• AskScience AMA Series: I am a leading researcher in the areas of cannabis plant science and plant physiology at Volcani Agriculture Research Center, in Israel. My name is Nirit Bernstein and I am researching cannabis plant sciences, and the best ways to grow medical cannabis, Ask Me Anything!
• Are Vaccines owned by company’s? Can anyone access the how-to and produce a vaccine in a lab?
• Do we know of any rare elements not found on Earth but common elsewhere?
• How fast does volume displacement propagate across any given medium?
• Why are there states of matter (like solid, liquid, etc) instead of just smooth gradient from solid to gas?
• Do immuno-modulating therapies worsen post-viral sequelae?
• Theoretically, how long might the COVID virus have been floating around in animal [bats?] communities before jumping to humans?
• When exactly do people during the illness start producing antibodies for COVID-19?
• Going faster downhill with a bike, does more weight make you faster?
• Can the cell use exosomes to secrete/remove all kinds of cell damage (including lipofuscin) or does it only work for specific toxins like beta amyloid?
• In 1960, the the average lifespan of a person with Down's syndrome was 10 years, it gradually incease and 2007, it was 40 years and is presently around 60 years. What factors caused this increase in average lifespan?
• How do planes turn?
• Can Covid antigen-tets sensitivity be improved through repeated testing?

AskScience AMA Series: I am a leading researcher in the areas of cannabis plant science and plant physiology at Volcani Agriculture Research Center, in Israel. My name is Nirit Bernstein and I am researching cannabis plant sciences, and the best ways to grow medical cannabis, Ask Me Anything! Posted: 26 Oct 2020 04:00 AM PDT Medical cannabis is a fast growing field and researchers are delving into the implications of cannabis for medical purposes. Israel hosts one of the world's leading primary research facilities in the area of medical cannabis. I was the first scientist in Israel to study the plant-based science of medical cannabis. I and my team work to advance the academic and applied science of the cannabis plant. Their objective is to develop basic and practical knowledge of secondary metabolism in health-beneficial plants, including cannabis, to contribute to human health and food security, while protecting the environment. Here are some links to some of my research: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2019.00736/full https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S092666901831015X https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2019.01369/full I will be available at 12 PM PT (3 PM ET, 19 UT), Ask Me Anything! Username: /u/Israelinsf submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator [link] [comments]

Are Vaccines owned by company’s? Can anyone access the how-to and produce a vaccine in a lab? Posted: 25 Oct 2020 01:28 PM PDT Thank you! submitted by /u/fellowshrimp [link] [comments]

Do we know of any rare elements not found on Earth but common elsewhere? Posted: 25 Oct 2020 10:59 PM PDT I was torn whether to post this here or in Ask Science: Fiction, but here goes. Science Fiction is full of "unobtainium" minerals that are not found on Earth but common elsewhere in the known universe. Star Trek's Dilithium crystals and Stargate's Naquadah are just a couple of examples. I know our knowledge of extra-terrestrial mineralogy is still fairly limited, but is there any scientific basis for this common trope? Do we know of any minerals that are more common on other planets then on Earth? submitted by /u/CaptainHunt [link] [comments]

How fast does volume displacement propagate across any given medium? Posted: 26 Oct 2020 06:52 AM PDT I had the pleasure of jumping into an infinity pool today and watched as the water washed over the side after I jumped in. This brought a question to my mind. How fast does displacement propagate in any given medium? My thought is that it would be at the speed of light of a given medium. Can anyone provide me the knowledge on volume displacement? submitted by /u/notsocharmingprince [link] [comments]

Why are there states of matter (like solid, liquid, etc) instead of just smooth gradient from solid to gas? Posted: 25 Oct 2020 09:03 AM PDT submitted by /u/rossionq1 [link] [comments]

Do immuno-modulating therapies worsen post-viral sequelae? Posted: 25 Oct 2020 02:42 PM PDT As doctors and researchers search for COVID19 treatments, we are seeing various anti-inflammatories come to the forefront, such as the largely-debunked hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) as well as the current guidelines for corticosteroids. We are also seeing the emergence of a "long haul" post-viral syndrome, with a thus-far unknown pathogenesis. The theory behind HCQ was that it dampens cytokines and has some antiviral action. This could potentially help critical cases avoid ARDS, but for mild and moderate cases, this would also presumably inhibit a much-needed immune response. These same cytokines and growth factors are responsible for both clearing the virus and for initiating non-fibrotic cell regeneration (see links). It seems like this potential inhibition would have implications for the use of anti-inflammatory drugs during and after infection. It would be relevant to the growing use of corticosteroids, and may even be relevant to the delayed recovery of COVID patients, particularly in ensuring full viral clearance and preventing fibrosis. Thoughts? https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2517298/ https://inflammregen.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41232-016-0020-7 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/cti2.1152 submitted by /u/ArtlessCalamity [link] [comments]

Theoretically, how long might the COVID virus have been floating around in animal [bats?] communities before jumping to humans? Posted: 25 Oct 2020 11:41 AM PDT Would it have to have been a recent development thing since it's so highly contagious or did it do some time to have evolution cycles before we caught it? submitted by /u/nichyneato [link] [comments]

When exactly do people during the illness start producing antibodies for COVID-19? Posted: 25 Oct 2020 11:41 AM PDT submitted by /u/eevem5 [link] [comments]

Going faster downhill with a bike, does more weight make you faster? Posted: 25 Oct 2020 10:30 AM PDT There was a question about riding faster downhill with a bike on r/cycling. https://www.reddit.com/r/cycling/comments/jhwb68/tips_for_going_faster_downhill/ Basically OP asked how to go faster downhill and suggested that he is slower than other riders because he weighs less. I made a comment (and got downvoted) for suggesting that weight does not matter and he should improve aerodynamics and get better tires with less rolling resistance. I think I remember an experiment from physics class with two rolling balls and both arriving at the same time on an incline. Maybe someone can explain this. submitted by /u/IsmailGuendogan [link] [comments]

Can the cell use exosomes to secrete/remove all kinds of cell damage (including lipofuscin) or does it only work for specific toxins like beta amyloid? Posted: 25 Oct 2020 10:57 AM PDT submitted by /u/inquilinekea [link] [comments]

In 1960, the the average lifespan of a person with Down's syndrome was 10 years, it gradually incease and 2007, it was 40 years and is presently around 60 years. What factors caused this increase in average lifespan? Posted: 25 Oct 2020 05:53 AM PDT submitted by /u/Cyanidicalized [link] [comments]

How do planes turn? Posted: 25 Oct 2020 07:39 AM PDT Seems like a simple question, right? The wings generate lift, and when you bank, some of that upwards lift gets redirected towards the direction of the turn. But if that was the case, shouldn't the plane just sideslip in the direction of the bank? The rudder would correct for this in a normal plane, but I built a Versa wing a few years back without the wing-rudder-things and it still turned (however poorly), which seems to contradict this explanation. There also seems to be a requirement of some component of "backwards" lift to keep the plane in a turn. Can someone please explain this better? submitted by /u/LifeGeek9 [link] [comments]

Can Covid antigen-tets sensitivity be improved through repeated testing? Posted: 25 Oct 2020 08:40 AM PDT Tests like the Roche SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen test can provide test results within 15 minutes, they don't require any laboratory procedures and in principle could be administered by laypeople. One thing I've been wondering is regarding the test accuracy, more specifically the test sensitivity, which is 96.52% for the said Roche test: Can the sensitivity be quadratically improved by repeatedly testing? Or in other words, will the combined sensitivity of two repeated tests be 1 - (1-96.52%)^2 = 99.88%? I believe one could assume this if the probability of a false negative result would be independent of the patient and just an issue of the actual testing procedure. submitted by /u/joniponi96 [link] [comments]

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Why are certain electrons only excited by specific wavelengths?

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• Why are certain electrons only excited by specific wavelengths?
• Why doesn't neutron reflection cause a fission reaction?
• Statistical physicists, what all do you work on?
• How doesn't neutrino oscillation hurt conservation laws?
• Can nuclear power plants be used to create nuclear weapons?
• Does Moderna already know if its vaccine is successful?
• Can we map and monitor the tectonic plates on the planet and their movements, so that we can predict earthquakes and their intensities before they occur?
• How are the effects of molecules' spatial orientation on reaction kinetics studied?
• Are any elements produced by the sun released into the solar system?
• Why is pH = 7 considered neutral?
• How confirmed reinfection cases?
• If no treatment for Covid-19 has been developed, then why do people still go to the hospital when they're in critical condition and how does it increase the survivability rate?

Why are certain electrons only excited by specific wavelengths? Posted: 25 Oct 2020 06:35 AM PDT I was reading about why glass is transparent to visible light. The stated reason was that photons of visible light don't have enough energy to kick the electrons within the silicon atoms up to a higher orbital, so they instead pass through the atom. Thinking about this from a chemistry viewpoint, this lines up with what I was taught. But thinking about this from a physics/engineering standpoint, I'm a little confused. Visible light is just an electromagnetic wave with a frequency of several hundred terahertz. Electromagnetic waves being a propogating electric field and magnetic field at 90 degrees to one another. Electrons are influenced by both electric and magnetic fields. So it doesn't make sense to me that an electromagnetic wave of a particular frequency would just be ignored by an electron. Surely even these frequencies that 'don't interact' with the electrons still impart SOME energy, right? Can someone please shed some light on this for me? submitted by /u/ManlyMcBuff [link] [comments]

Why doesn't neutron reflection cause a fission reaction? Posted: 24 Oct 2020 07:09 PM PDT So I just stumbled upon the "Demon core" story about the plutonium core going critical via neutron reflection. I was wondering though, why didn't the core undergo a fission reaction when the tungsten carbide bricks were placed around it? Wouldn't it just take 1 single neutron bouncing off the shielding to collide with the mass and cause it to go into fission? To my understanding that's how the atomic bombs in Nagasaki and Hiroshima were detonated. submitted by /u/Deus_Pole_Vult [link] [comments]

Statistical physicists, what all do you work on? Posted: 24 Oct 2020 05:06 PM PDT submitted by /u/PHealthy [link] [comments]

How doesn't neutrino oscillation hurt conservation laws? Posted: 24 Oct 2020 06:09 PM PDT I heard that electron, muon and tau neutrinos have different resting masses. Let's suppose I generate one electron neutrino in a beta decay (I know it's an anti-electron-neutrino but it's longer to write down.). If I measure all other particles leaving the atom I can be fairly sure about it's energy, momentum and neutrino flavour. I detect it 1000km away and it's a muon neutrino. What happened? How can the momentum and the energy can be conserved at the same time when the resting mass changed? If at the creation I know it's speed was 1000km/s will it arrive to the detector in 1s or more? If it's speed doesn't change where did it get the extra energy from? What energy and momentum will I measure in the detector? ​ I have researcher level background in statistical physics, but I'm not too knowledgeable in quantum stuff. Please keep it as simple as possible! submitted by /u/belabacsijolvan [link] [comments]

Can nuclear power plants be used to create nuclear weapons? Posted: 25 Oct 2020 01:58 AM PDT I think I heard something like that in a video from Kurzgesagt but I don't understand why and how. submitted by /u/chopin2712 [link] [comments]

Does Moderna already know if its vaccine is successful? Posted: 24 Oct 2020 02:59 PM PDT I recently read an article in which Moderna's CMO stated he would be "very surprised" if their vaccine was not effective. Since the study has been going on for several months now, wouldn't he already have a pretty good idea? Or are data somehow guarded until the conclusion of the study to protect its integrity? submitted by /u/o_shrub [link] [comments]

Can we map and monitor the tectonic plates on the planet and their movements, so that we can predict earthquakes and their intensities before they occur? Posted: 24 Oct 2020 08:32 PM PDT Or are we not technologically there yet? submitted by /u/mantiz8x [link] [comments]

How are the effects of molecules' spatial orientation on reaction kinetics studied? Posted: 24 Oct 2020 01:00 PM PDT In general chemistry I recall learning that certain spatial orientations of molecules are more favorable for producing a reaction than others. Presumably when two molecules, A and B, are approaching, it is more favorable if the reacting group of A is oriented towards B and vice-versa, rather than the reacting groups being oriented away from each other. This concept sounds reasonable, but how is it experimentally determined? In aqueous solution? In the gas phase? How are the relative orientations of molecules in space determined or manipulated? submitted by /u/Icarus367 [link] [comments]

Are any elements produced by the sun released into the solar system? Posted: 24 Oct 2020 06:08 PM PDT Is the only thing the Sun radiating out Radiation and Photon's or is it also radiating out basic elements during Solar mass ejections that could reach Earth? submitted by /u/Busown1772 [link] [comments]

Why is pH = 7 considered neutral? Posted: 24 Oct 2020 08:13 AM PDT I was wondering why neutral pH is always considered to be exactly 7. Is the H3O+ and OH- concentration of pure water at room temperature really precisely 10^-7 M? This seems like an incredible coincidence. Wouldn't some seemingly arbitrary constant be more plausible, e.g. 0.97*10^-7 M or 9.94*10^-8 M? submitted by /u/SomeRandomGuy33 [link] [comments]

How confirmed reinfection cases? Posted: 24 Oct 2020 03:37 PM PDT Are reinfection cases actual cases where a person was hospitalized, released after testing negative, then hospitalized again and positive again? Or is it just data in a database somewhere saying x person had a positive test, a negative test, and then a positive test? And if it's this, couldn't it be contributed to false positives? submitted by /u/Heroshrine [link] [comments]

If no treatment for Covid-19 has been developed, then why do people still go to the hospital when they're in critical condition and how does it increase the survivability rate? Posted: 24 Oct 2020 08:16 AM PDT What is done to the patients there when nothing has been documented to work for treating Covid-19? That's it, thank you in advance for the hopefully good answers submitted by /u/John_Denver1 [link] [comments]

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