How does the sun not burn up all of its hydrogen and subsequent fused elements almost instantaneously? | AskScience Blog

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Wednesday, October 28, 2020

How does the sun not burn up all of its hydrogen and subsequent fused elements almost instantaneously?

How does the sun not burn up all of its hydrogen and subsequent fused elements almost instantaneously?


How does the sun not burn up all of its hydrogen and subsequent fused elements almost instantaneously?

Posted: 27 Oct 2020 04:36 PM PDT

The sun is literally on fire 100% of the time, fusing hydrogen to helium, helium to carbon,etc.. How does it not burn up all at once? Or, how does the sun not fuse all of the hydrogens and heliums etc. all within a relatively short time frame? If you filled a room with a gas like propane and lit a match, the room would explode and most of the propane would be burned up right then and there. How does this not happen with the sun?

submitted by /u/Ronaldinho910
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Do countries make their own vaccines like the seasonal Flu shot?

Posted: 28 Oct 2020 06:50 AM PDT

I'm in Canada. Do we make our own Flu shots?

submitted by /u/prayingfordebbie
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It seems that infectious diseases that kill too quickly never have a chance to spread. How often are people the first and only (or among very few) to die of a novel but short lived infectious disease?

Posted: 27 Oct 2020 10:23 PM PDT

What is the etymology of modern Black names like LaKeisha, Devonte, Shanice, D'Andre, etc?

Posted: 27 Oct 2020 08:14 AM PDT

Firstly, I wanna make it clear: I am *not* trying to exotify or mock Black names or Black culture. I am *fully* in support of Black parents being able to name their kids what they want. I think that coming up with non-slave-names is a powerful reclamation of what was stolen from them. Mocking these names (or refusing to pronounce them) is straight-up racist.

What I'm curious about: why were *those* names chosen in particular?

I know the trend of Black name reclamation started in the 60s, and it rose with the Black Power Movement. I know that a lot of Black people took Muslim names, or names from SubSaharan cultures. But the names I'm talking about (LaKeisha, Devonte, Shanice, D'Andre, etc) don't seem to have roots in SubSaharan or North African cultures.

EDIT: to clarify: I'm wondering where the name "Devonte" came from. Or names that start with La or D', etc. These unique names aren't completely random. There are trends amongst them, trends that were picked up by Black families nationwide. This implies they have shared roots and/or influences. So what are those roots/influences?

Wikipedia says the names have French origins, starting in New Orleans. I can see the French influence for sure (La, D', etc)... but most Black people in this country don't come from New Orleans. They may have origins in the South), but most don't come from New Orleans or even French Louisiana. So why did Black families nationwide begin adopting French-inspired naming conventions, starting in the same decade?

Hope this question makes sense. Thanks for your response!

submitted by /u/Minuet_In_GenesPoBoy
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How much energy is consumed when arc lightning is created?

Posted: 27 Oct 2020 05:13 PM PDT

Hoping the flair is correct.
I tried googling the answer, but I couldn't find anything useful.
I'm wondering how much energy would be consumed in a typical lightning arc between to blades of metal about 4-5 inches apart?

Also, what would it take to reasonably power it for a few minutes at a time?

submitted by /u/Shadowdragon409
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Does an antibody only ever protect against a single virus? Or do any protect against more than one?

Posted: 28 Oct 2020 05:04 AM PDT

How do morphemic writing systems (for example Chinese) write down "sounds" that don't necessarily correlate to actual words? Examples in English would be "oof", "ugh", "ngh", "tsk", etc.

Posted: 27 Oct 2020 05:12 PM PDT

I don't know written Chinese so I apologize in advance if I have misunderstood how that language in particular works.

submitted by /u/jeremy1015
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How does a computer translate binary numbers to the corresponding decimal characters?

Posted: 28 Oct 2020 03:31 AM PDT

Even though I am a graduated computer engineer, I never understood exactly how binary numbers can get translated so easily to the characters that are printed on screen.

I Googled it a bunch of times and the results I found were mostly:

  1. Mathematical instructions of how to translate binary to decimal. Basic stuff, but it requires arithmetic in decimal, which a processor can not do: the solution of the processor will still be binary. Does it use flags to designate which character [0-9] goes where? Or a look-up table? A bunch of logic? Then how is it such an effortless and historically universal function of a computer system?
  2. BCD (binary coded decimal) which is a way of encoding decimal numbers [0-9] into a nibble e.g. [0000-1001]. This appears to be just a specialized implementation of arithmetic which makes it easier to convert to decimal, but it is not used in most present-day computers.

So my question is the following: how exactly does an average computer system translate the binary result of a calculation (e.g. 11010110) to decimal characters (e.g. -42)? And how does it happen so effortlessly?

submitted by /u/Tyssy
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Why does the hole in the ozone layer always hang out over antarctica?

Posted: 27 Oct 2020 12:35 PM PDT

Why Antarctica? Is there also a hole in the ozone layer over the north pole that no one ever talks about?

submitted by /u/hubau
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If grapefruit compounds interact with so many drug pathways, why aren’t they normally toxic?

Posted: 27 Oct 2020 01:10 PM PDT

I often see that you shouldn't eat grapefruits if you are taking certain medications. If the grapefruit components are inhibiting drug pathways, wouldn't they also inhibit important endogenous pathways?

submitted by /u/bogdogfroghoglog
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If the temperature of something depends on the speed at which the particles are moving, we know that the minimum speed is repose and that’s the minimum temperature, the absolute zero (0 kelvin). Why if we have a maximum speed (speed of light), we don’t have a maximum of temperature?

Posted: 27 Oct 2020 09:12 AM PDT

I mean, why would happen if the particles of something were moving at the 99,999999999 (infinite 9s) of the speed of light? There must be a limit of the temperature that anything can get. Am I wrong?

submitted by /u/mitadrojomitadnegro
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Why do some materials become ashes and other melt?

Posted: 27 Oct 2020 10:37 AM PDT

Well that's kind of my question really... like why iron and cheese melt but wood or Doritos melt...I know it sounds silly to ask that but I was thinking about and damm I don't really know and just kinda wanted to ask reddit.

Stay safe and good deeds.

submitted by /u/AncientMarduk
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After vaccination/infection do the antibodies stay in your blood for life or do they deplete immediately after, leaving memory B cells to roam and reinitiate Ab production when the pathogen in question re-enters the body?

Posted: 27 Oct 2020 09:42 AM PDT

So a new study by Imperial College London has found that antibody levels in the blood to Covid-19 wains after a few months meaning that this form of immunity "disappears", but why is this the case? Isn't this what you would expect? Surely the antibodies in the blood would be broken down leaving memory B cells to circulate so that if a new Covid-19 virus does enter the body they can respond but producing new Abs? Rather than antibodies staying in the blood ready to bind to coronavirus antigens.

submitted by /u/BareHench
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Are there any scientific studies demonstrating the difference in magnitude of the placebo effect on skeptics versus believers? If so, what are the results?

Posted: 27 Oct 2020 12:29 PM PDT

For example, if you compared the effects of say essential oils on the headaches of 100 skeptics versus 100 non-skeptics, would there be statistically significant variances between the two groups? I consider myself a skeptic so maybe my bias is showing with the wording here, but I'm genuinely curious to know what the difference of the placebo effect is on people with different levels of belief.

submitted by /u/premeditatedsleepove
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How come evolution didn’t lead to animals adapting to drinking salt water?

Posted: 27 Oct 2020 05:01 AM PDT

I was recently watching the "Out Planet" documentary by Sir David Attenborough and there are remarkable species of plants and animals that have evolved in extremely complex and beautiful ways.

Given the abundance of salt water on our planet in comparison to fresh water, I was wondering why animals (or plants) haven't developed mechanisms to survive on drinking salt water rather than fresh?

The only explanation I could think of was that animals were usually inland and not near oceans but that is flawed logic as a lot of birds and animals coexist along shores.

submitted by /u/sriramg98
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