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Monday, July 20, 2020

When a person receives a successful donation, do the genes in the donated body part retain their difference from the host genes over time or is there some kind of assimilation that occurs?

When a person receives a successful donation, do the genes in the donated body part retain their difference from the host genes over time or is there some kind of assimilation that occurs?

When a person receives a successful donation, do the genes in the donated body part retain their difference from the host genes over time or is there some kind of assimilation that occurs?

Posted: 19 Jul 2020 11:36 PM PDT

As an example, if I receive blood donation from someone else. Does that mean my blood now contains blood cells that differ in DNA? If I went for a DNA test would that produce mixed results? Would it be two distinct ones forever or will the DNA mix over time?

submitted by /u/CozyAndToasty
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Has there been any further research into the alleged contraindication of Ibuprofen/Advil and COVID-19? If so, what is the current consensus of the scientific community?

Posted: 20 Jul 2020 06:23 AM PDT

It has been over four months since a widespread belief that Ibuprofen exacerbated symptoms of COVID-19.

Shortly after, there were many articles that claimed that many researchers found no such evidence, but at the same time, advised to avoid taking it (if possible) until we learn more.

Have we learned more?

submitted by /u/ubccompscistudent
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Are traces of Neanderthal DNA found in every single person on Earth?

Posted: 19 Jul 2020 11:25 PM PDT

I've been reading that Neanderthal DNA is now found in all populations on Earth, including, as it was recently discovered, African populations. I'm confused about this wording.

Does that mean every single person you test on Earth will have Neanderthal DNA?

Or does this mean that Neanderthal DNA is found in all populations, but not everyone in those populations will necessarily have Neanderthal DNA?

Thanks

submitted by /u/heavyboi77
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What would happen to petroleum deposits if they just stayed in the ground for an other million years or so?

Posted: 20 Jul 2020 07:16 AM PDT

As the tittle implies, would they turn into coal and eventually diamond deposits? Or are petroleum and coal different types of fossil fuels formed by different geological events and thusly turn to different things given extreme time?

submitted by /u/Sooofreshnsoclean
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If the earth's crust is constantly being recycled constantly, why are the continents the same since Pangea?

Posted: 19 Jul 2020 09:45 PM PDT

https://imgur.com/a/f81z8q8

This image is what sparked my curiosity.

Since pangea was just a combination of all the continents, or close to that in my understanding, why is it that when the tectonic plates get recycled we still have the same massive continents?

submitted by /u/Cliche_Irish
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SARS-CoV-2 is closely related to the original SARS-CoV. How many of the "novel" pathogenic features of COVID-19 were probably also shared by the original SARS (or all coronaviruses), but infections were too few to study?

Posted: 19 Jul 2020 08:44 PM PDT

SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 are described as being very closely related, but we've still been hearing a lot about new facets of COVID-19, some of them related to how the infection presents, and others related to the actual mechanisms by which the virions replicate.

So certain factors appear to be entirely new to SARS-CoV-2 - most important seems to be the pre-symptomatic contagion - but others are maybe not so clear? For example, we hear a lot about how much COVID-19 affects clotting. Is it likely that this contributed similarly to the severity of SARS, but SARS didn't infect enough people to warrant the same degree of scrutiny (and resultant identification of this effect)?

In another sense, SARS-CoV-2's use of filopodia to spread infection adjacent cells - do we know if this mechanism was possibly used by the original SARS as well? How likely is it that many coronaviruses can make use of these functions, or affect bodily functions in similar ways, but most just aren't strong (virulent?) enough to do so?

submitted by /u/werderber
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When I see a star, did the photons entering my eye actually come from that star?

Posted: 19 Jul 2020 09:20 AM PDT

Or were they absorbed and re emitted along the way somewhere, such as in the atmosphere?

submitted by /u/gargleblast
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If some animals are the transmitters of Covid-19, they surely must posses the antibodies for it - can we somehow, at least hypothetically, harvest and multiply the number of these to cure people?

Posted: 20 Jul 2020 05:32 AM PDT

A pulsar exploded in an explosion akin to a large hammer hitting a bell causing it to ring. Does this mean the neutron star produced sound or vibration?

Posted: 20 Jul 2020 01:26 AM PDT

Is there a name for a “Dunning-Kruger”-like effect where people with a high ability in one field can overestimate their ability in other unrelated fields, perhaps explaining why some very highly educated people can display arrogant and ignorant behaviour?

Posted: 19 Jul 2020 08:01 AM PDT

How do flu viruses disappear and then reappears years later such as H1N1?

Posted: 19 Jul 2020 04:22 PM PDT

To what extent does the increase in testing relate to increase of daily covid-19 cases?

Posted: 20 Jul 2020 05:38 AM PDT

I'm sorry if this question has been covered but I couldn't find a clear answer elsewhere on the web. It seems as though there has been a significant increase in testing availability over the last couple months and I was just curious if this is driving the increase in new cases we are seeing recently. I was also wondering if publishers of data have some way to adjust their figures to account for increases in testing. Thanks in advance!

submitted by /u/Harpua-2001
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If the grand canyon was “dug” out with water flowing and eroding it over a long time then why is it not happening everwhere else?

Posted: 19 Jul 2020 07:48 PM PDT

Just like the title says why isn't the water from everywhere not making more Grand Canyon type stuff

submitted by /u/Godhimself_REDDIT
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If there is such a high false positive rate on the antibody tests for COVID-19, how are scientist tracking the accuracy of the vaccine antibody rates?

Posted: 19 Jul 2020 09:33 AM PDT

Why do CPUs have a maximum frequency they can achieve even if they are maintained cool?

Posted: 19 Jul 2020 03:35 PM PDT

So, I've seen a lot of overclocking videos in the past, and have always asked myself the same question:

What does 'stability' mean in CPUs/Software?

Like, for example, a lot of people have been able to keep it at really low temperatures with liquid nitrogen, but they still can't push, I don't know, say 10GHz on a chip because it's not 'stable enough'

I want to know what that 'Chip stability' means, like, the chip can't withstand that frequency? Is it a Software/Windows problem? Both? I want to understand why we can't push them really far even if they're really cool.

submitted by /u/DontKnowHowToAdult
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How does the Maillard reaction brown meats with low carb content?

Posted: 19 Jul 2020 08:03 AM PDT

If browning of meat is related to the Maillard reaction requiring sugar and amino acids, then how does it work in meats with low carbon content like chicken breast? Are the glucose traces sufficient or is there another process involved?

submitted by /u/TeaPotChaos
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Is handwriting something that is passed down genetically or something that is shaped by your environment?

Posted: 19 Jul 2020 08:11 AM PDT

EBV infection has been reported to be a risk factor for autoimmune diseases and cancers, Yet 90% of the people have contracted EBV at some point in their life. Are the 90% "at risk" or only a subpopulation (e.g those who contracted mononucleosis from it)? Why ?

Posted: 19 Jul 2020 07:58 AM PDT

Every medical article mentioning EBV and increased risk factors never explain the causal link and whether it impacts every EBV-infected person or only the one who got severe illnesses from it (e.g mononucleosis).

submitted by /u/Spooktato
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Do people with aphasia experience dreaming differently to normal subjects?

Posted: 19 Jul 2020 03:16 AM PDT

Also, are there any other interesting differences other than imagination?

submitted by /u/sir-hiss
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vào lúc No comments:

Sunday, July 19, 2020

how do we know what the milkyway actually looks like?

how do we know what the milkyway actually looks like?

how do we know what the milkyway actually looks like?

Posted: 19 Jul 2020 05:28 AM PDT

How much does viral load contribute to the severity of symptoms for COVID-19?

Posted: 18 Jul 2020 12:39 PM PDT

Have there been studies on this yet? For those that have said they had mild symptoms, was this mainly because they were infected with a small amount of virus vs. Someone who say inhaled a lot of virions? Or are severity of symptoms independent of viral load and strictly based upon immune system?

submitted by /u/Jimbus88
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Has scientists exposed the Covid-19 virus to extreme environments to see how strong it is?

Posted: 19 Jul 2020 01:28 AM PDT

What does a hot environment do to it? At what hot temperature does it die? Can it survive 100C for example? 200C? Etc.

Whaf temperature range does it do it's damage the most?

What does a cold environment do to it? Will -50C slow it down? Will -100C kill it for example?

What does high pressure do to it? What will 10 atmospheres do it? 100 atmospheres?

How about very low pressure? Anything?

What happens to it when we apply electrical current through it? Low current? High current?

How does it behave when we apply force to it? 10 Newtons? 100 Newtons? Etc.

Is there a way to grow human tissue samples and infect it with Covid-19 to study it?

submitted by /u/Joeclu
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Why is flu test much faster than covid-19 test?

Posted: 18 Jul 2020 06:19 AM PDT

When I take my kids to get flue tests, the results usually come back within half hours. But I have heard that covid tests can last for weeks.

What are the main differences between testing flu vs testing covid? Obviously they are different viruses, but in terms of the testing technology, what's the main difference?

submitted by /u/ThePiggleWiggle
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Does an ACE inhibitor have an effect on ACE2 receptors?

Posted: 18 Jul 2020 06:42 PM PDT

Reading about how Covid-19 attacks the body, it seems that the ACE2 receptors are the main entry point of of Covid into the cells. I have no idea if ACE2 receptors are of any relevance to ACE inhibitors but both contain the term Angiotensin-converting-enzyme so I figured I'd ask. I'd assume that difference between ACE and ACE2 makes them completely incongruent.

As someone who is taking an ACE inhibitor prophylactically and is otherwise healthy, I wonder if an ACE inhibitor has any effect on my susceptibility to Covid-19.

submitted by /u/Special-Bite
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Will related viruses compete with one another in a singular host?

Posted: 18 Jul 2020 08:20 PM PDT

Let's say I contract two different strains of the flu at the same time, will one eventually outcompete the other for available cells, or will I just have double the flu?

submitted by /u/RealBowsHaveRecurves
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How can the Earth's magnetic field be so weak, yet so large?

Posted: 18 Jul 2020 03:35 PM PDT

Considering how weak the Earth's magnetic field is, how is it possible for it to have an effect all the way in space; whereas much stronger magnets, like refrigerator magnets and MRI scans, only have a small "effective" range, and doesn't affect global navigation (e.g. compasses) and such?

submitted by /u/mimocha
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How come we don't need oxygen tanks when exploring deserts and other areas with little to no plant life?

Posted: 19 Jul 2020 03:47 AM PDT

I know there's probably a good reason for this that I don't know or haven't researched but honestly I'm just curious. For places like Mt. Everest or other high altitude areas it shows that we need oxygen tanks to survive in those places because of a severe lack of it. If that's the case how come we don't need them in places like the desert or the Antarctic where there aren't any plants to produce oxygen?

submitted by /u/Sadashi17
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What is the excess mortality of the pandemic?

Posted: 18 Jul 2020 04:27 PM PDT

It's easy enough to see how many people have died, but much more difficult to see how many more have died than were expected? I think this would be a good way to actually see how well we're doing vs status quo.

submitted by /u/gyrg
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Can plants have too much water?

Posted: 18 Jul 2020 02:18 PM PDT

In the same way that a human's cells will explode with if they have too much water, can a plant have too much water?

submitted by /u/Lutennant-Macaroni
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Is there a chemical that has the opposite effect of capsaicin?

Posted: 18 Jul 2020 09:09 AM PDT

Capsaicin triggers the sense of burning when it touches tissue. Is there a chemical that has a coldening effect? I don't think I mean like menthol as that seems too brief. But something like it, I suppose?

submitted by /u/tehstoni
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Does being very fit for a long period of time cause any permanent beneficial changes to the body, or if you stopped exercising for years will your body end up exactly the same as it would be had you never exercised at all?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 02:48 PM PDT

For example, this article suggests (almost) permanent benefits can be realised from strength training in the form of increased muscle nuclei making it easier to rebuild muscle after inactivity:
https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=129359637
How confident are we that this is the case, and have any permanent benefits been identified for cardio training? I'm curious whether the effort put into getting very fit is essentially 'wasted' after a long period of inactivity.

submitted by /u/astonewall
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Why does breast cancer often spread to the liver?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 02:29 PM PDT

The liver seems to be one of the organs most commonly affected by breast cancer metastases. According to this study, bone metastases (65%) are the most common, followed by lung (31%) and liver (26%). According to my (limited) understanding of human anatomy, the breast does not drain directly into the liver via the portal vein, so I assume if the cancer spreads into the liver via the blood stream, the cancer cells will pass through the lung first. Therefore, my questions are:

  1. Does breast cancer spread to the liver primarily via the blood stream?
  2. If so, why is the liver affected nearly as often as the lung, although the lung is upstream of the liver and its capillaries should "filter" out cancer cells? Are the cancer cells which make it through the lung simply very likely to get "stuck" in the blood vessels in the liver?
submitted by /u/TeaPotChaos
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vào lúc No comments:

Saturday, July 18, 2020

Black Lives Matter

Black Lives Matter

Black Lives Matter

Posted: 02 Jun 2020 10:57 AM PDT

Black lives matter. The moderation team at AskScience wants to express our outrage and sadness at the systemic racism and disproportionate violence experienced by the black community. This has gone on for too long, and it's time for lasting change.

When 1 out of every 1,000 black men and boys in the United States can expect to be killed by the police, police violence is a public health crisis. Black men are about 2.5 times more likely to be killed by police than white men. In 2019, 1,099 people were killed by police in the US; 24% of those were black, even though only 13% of the population is black.

When black Americans make up a disproportionate number of COVID-19 deaths, healthcare disparity is another public health crisis. In Michigan, black people make up 14% of the population and 40% of COVID-19 deaths. In Louisiana, black people are 33% of the population but account for 70% of COVID-19 deaths. Black Americans are more likely to work in essential jobs, with 38% of black workers employed in these industries compared with 29% of white workers. They are less likely to have access to health insurance and more likely to lack continuity in medical care.

These disparities, these crises, are not coincidental. They are the result of systemic racism, economic inequality, and oppression.

Change requires us to look inward, too. For over a decade, AskScience has been a forum where redditors can discuss scientific topics with scientists. Our panel includes hundreds of STEM professionals who volunteer their time, and we are proud to be an interface between scientists and non-scientists. We are fully committed to making science more accessible, and we hope it inspires people to consider careers in STEM.

However, we must acknowledge that STEM suffers from a marked lack of diversity. In the US, black workers comprise 11% of the US workforce, but hold just 7% of STEM jobs that require a bachelor's degree or higher. Only 4% of medical doctors are black. Hispanic workers make up 16% of the US workforce, 6% of STEM jobs that require a bachelor's degree or higher, and 4.4% of medical doctors. Women make up 47% of the US workforce but 41% of STEM professionals with professional or doctoral degrees. And while we know around 3.5% of the US workforce identifies as LGBTQ+, their representation in STEM fields is largely unknown.

These numbers become even more dismal in certain disciplines. For example, as of 2019, less than 4% of tenured or tenure-track geoscience positions are held by people of color, and fewer than 100 black women in the US have received PhDs in physics.

This lack of diversity is unacceptable and actively harmful, both to people who are not afforded opportunities they deserve and to the STEM community as a whole. We cannot truly say we have cultivated the best and brightest in our respective fields when we are missing the voices of talented, brilliant people who are held back by widespread racism, sexism, and homophobia.

It is up to us to confront these systemic injustices directly. We must all stand together against police violence, racism, and economic, social, and environmental inequality. STEM professional need to make sure underrepresented voices are heard, to listen, and to offer support. We must be the change.

Sources:

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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Why are diabetics considered to be at higher risk of death from COVID_19?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 04:25 PM PDT

My little brother is diabetic, and I was wondering why I read everywhere that people with preexisting conditions like diabetes are susceptible to more severe symptoms of the virus. I understand that a person with a condition that would affect their immune system would have a harder time fighting the virus, but I don't see how a diabetic would struggle with it.

submitted by /u/BadassSteve2
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Why is the Earth "overdue" for so many natural disasters (i.e. Ice Age, Cascadia subduction, Yellowstone)?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 07:40 PM PDT

Is there something happening that's significantly delaying the natural period of these events?

submitted by /u/blobbynord
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How does an inert gas like argon prevent the evaporation of tungsten in a filament bulb?

Posted: 18 Jul 2020 02:59 AM PDT

How likely is it that the modern human genome has genes from other hominids besides Neanderthals and Denisovans?

Posted: 18 Jul 2020 05:06 AM PDT

Since we've confirmed that early humans interbred with Neanderthals and Denisovans and that some people have genes that can be traced back to them, can we also assume that there are likely other modern genes that were acquired from other hominids we just don't have a fossil record of?

submitted by /u/Gradath
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Given two sets of twins (male and female). If each pair has a child, can you determine which child “belongs” to what parents purely from a DNA test?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 07:36 PM PDT

As the question implies, if you have two sets of twins (male and female) and each pair has a child, of the same sex or different sex, would you be able to tell what child "belongs" to what parents?

If each dad and mom shares identical DNA with their twin, wouldn't these children (who are cousins) be genetically identified as siblings? And in addition, can you tell if there's any genetic difference between identical twins?

submitted by /u/amenotekijara
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What kind of effect will anti-vaxers have once there is a vaccine for COVID-19?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 05:54 PM PDT

In other words, if they don't vaccinate, could it be possible that it destroys the chance of a successful vaccine deployment for the rest?

submitted by /u/Delta4o
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What seems to be the mortality rate of COVID?

Posted: 18 Jul 2020 02:03 AM PDT

Some say it's up to 4%, but I also hear 1%.

What does it seem to be at this point now we know more?

submitted by /u/intjeejee
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Has the ratio of Carbon 14 to Carbon 12 in the atmosphere been the same over Earth's history?

Posted: 18 Jul 2020 07:16 AM PDT

Hi all!

I'm curious about the question "has the ratio of C14 to C12 in the atmosphere (1 to 1 trillion) remained a constant across Earth's history?"

This came up because I'm active in discussions on Young Earth Creationism. During one of these discussions, I came across this article: https://answersingenesis.org/geology/carbon-14/doesnt-carbon-14-dating-disprove-the-bible/

The main argument in the article is this: Carbon 14 dating is unreliable because assumptions are made about the ratio of C14 to C12 in the Earth's past. Since the ratio could have been different in the past, we can't get accurate readings on the age of dead animals/plants.

​

A critical assumption used in carbon-14 dating has to do with this ratio. It is assumed that the ratio of 14C to 12C in the atmosphere has always been the same as it is today (1 to 1 trillion). If this assumption is true, then the AMS 14C dating method is valid up to about 80,000 years. Beyond this number, the instruments scientists use would not be able to detect enough remaining 14C to be useful in age estimates. This is a critical assumption in the dating process. If this assumption is not true, then the method will give incorrect dates.

I also came across a short article that directly conflicts with the above: https://chem.tufts.edu/science/FrankSteiger/carbon14.htm

Creationists assume, usually on the basis of a "flood" argument, that there have been large changes in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere during the past several thousand years. There probably have been small fluctuations, leading to an uncertainty of plus or minus ten percent, confirmed by dating objects of a known age. However, the evidence does not support the creationist claim of large changes in the amount of carbon dioxide.

The creationist argument that the ratio of C-14 to C-12 is not constant is actually based on the assumption of a young earth with an age of 10,000 years, and sudden changes in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere caused by the assumed catastrophic events of the Genesis flood. This is the motivation behind the 30,000 year figure quoted in the creationist position.

Creationists attack all radioactive dating with the claim that radioactive decay rates may have been different in the past. There is absolutely no valid evidence to support this claim. It is entirely at odds with everything that is known about nuclear physics.

So is the ratio of C14 to C12 over history an assumption? Or do we know that the 1 to 1 trillion ratio has been more or less a constant over the history of life on Earth? If it's not a constant, how to we resolve that and account for the difference when dating fossils?

submitted by /u/KittyCatBuddha
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Oxford COVID-19 vaccine, why use a different virus ?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 10:24 PM PDT

Excerpt from the article.

"The technical name of the vaccine is ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, as it is made from a virus called ChAdOx1, which is a weakened and non-replicating version of a common cold virus (adenovirus). The vaccine has been engineered to express the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein."

Question:

1- Why do they have to use a different virus, why not use inert COVID-19 virus itself?

2- Why do they have to engineer a spike protein when COVID-19 already has the spike?

https://www.ovg.ox.ac.uk/news/trial-of-oxford-covid-19-vaccine-starts-in-brazil

submitted by /u/Infuriorating
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How close would a planet need to be to a star to have earth-like amounts of liquid water if it had no atmosphere?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 08:24 AM PDT

Would that even be possible?

submitted by /u/kdlutz
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How has Earth's diameter changed during it's lifetime?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 07:23 AM PDT

When mold grows in people's houses, what is it feeding on?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 08:12 AM PDT

Why does motion sickness cause vomiting?

Posted: 16 Jul 2020 10:01 PM PDT

I have heard of a theory that says that conflict in balance systems causes motion sickness, and that this conflict looks like poisoning to the brain, which causes vomiting to expel the poison. but I would like something different, a different explanation. would motion sickness cause nausea and vomiting by the vagus nerve?

submitted by /u/goofbeast
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vào lúc No comments:

Friday, July 17, 2020

How come the majority of people in the world are right-handed?

How come the majority of people in the world are right-handed?

How come the majority of people in the world are right-handed?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 12:57 AM PDT

Was there an evolutionary advantage to having your right hand as your dominant?

submitted by /u/KnotALun
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We have nuclear powered submarines and aircraft carriers. Why are there not nuclear powered spacecraft?

Posted: 16 Jul 2020 08:01 AM PDT

Edit: I'm most curious about propulsion. Thanks for the great answers everyone!

submitted by /u/FutureRenaissanceMan
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For one in five people who reported a rash and were confirmed as being infected with coronavirus, the rash was their only symptom, so does this suggest that deliberately introducing the virus to the skin might be a way of (relatively safely) stimulating an immune response?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 03:21 AM PDT

If retroviruses insert their DNA into our genome, is there a chance that retrovirus DNA could be inserted in the middle of a vital gene and cut it off, causing birth defects?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 01:27 AM PDT

If the Oxford Trial for a potential Covid virus is going to phase 3 around the end of the year, how can Astra Zenica be producing 400 million units of it by October?

Posted: 16 Jul 2020 11:51 PM PDT

According to the Guardian newspaper, "AstraZeneca has agreed to supply 100m doses of the Oxford vaccine to Britain, with manufacturing plans already begun and delivery scheduled for September or October. The AstraZeneca deal will provide the US with 300m doses."

If they don't know if it is going to work effectively or not are they just producing vials of a vaccine that will end up being destroyed? I'm assuming it's to get a head start on production if the vaccine proves efficient enough. Is this what normally happens? Thanks for your help.

submitted by /u/grubbymitts
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How flat could an exoplanet get?

Posted: 17 Jul 2020 04:44 AM PDT

As in the terrain being similar to a salt flat. If a planet had high gravity and was not tectonically active would that result in extremely flat terrain? Are there other mechanisms that could result in similar terrain?

submitted by /u/getyaowndamnmuffin
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Would getting a COVID-19 vaccine be advisable after you have already contracted and recovered from it?

Posted: 16 Jul 2020 03:51 PM PDT

I know this is a fairly hypothetical question at this point as we don't know yet what vaccine will be most effective but is there any evidence to support the question one way or the other from other similar diseases? The leading literature on the front runner vaccines shows better immune response than those that contract the virus itself but will it's response still be muted if you got a vaccine after the fact?

submitted by /u/skorfab
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How much energy is used by the data center vs. home computer/internet use when streaming a video?

Posted: 16 Jul 2020 10:05 PM PDT

There are many articles about the vast energy use of data centers due to increases in Netflix/Zoom etc. during Covid. But if the data center is powered renewably, what, if any, is the energy use increase from a viewer level? Does it change based on bitrate (480 vs 720 vs 1080)?

submitted by /u/Santaconartist
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How did the Spanish flu pandemic end? I've read about humans obtaining 'collective immunity' but not sure how that was achieved. Does the end to that pandemic give us any idea of how the current covid19 pandemic may end?

Posted: 16 Jul 2020 09:46 PM PDT

Nuclear Explosion in Space?

Posted: 16 Jul 2020 01:20 PM PDT

What would a nuclear detonation look like in space? Would the lack of matter affect the chain reaction? Would the vacuum limit shockwave?

I understand this has most likely never been tested, but I am looking for a generally accepted hypothesis of what it would look like, effects of the detonation, etc.

Edit: Well I guess I learned there have been tests at high altitude/near vacuum altitude.

So as a follow up question, would a detonation be less "catastrophic" to the surrounding matter at that altitude? Would the lack of a shockwave and matter inhibit the ability to deliver such force across a large distance as it does on the surface?

submitted by /u/suckmybit
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Is there a generally accepted scientific definition for brainwashing in the psychology field?

Posted: 16 Jul 2020 02:25 PM PDT

You see a lot of people talking about brainwashing on reddit- particularly when talking about politics. Is brainwashing generally accepted as being a real and measurable phenomenon, or just a loose concept?

submitted by /u/lilybirdgk
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Do people with allergies still get allergic responses if they acquire AIDS?

Posted: 16 Jul 2020 09:48 PM PDT

Any more details about how long COVID-19 lives on surfaces?

Posted: 16 Jul 2020 09:04 PM PDT

I'd like to find more clarity about how long the virus can live on live on surfaces of things and be transmitted. Can anyone please try to answer these questions or correct me if I'm wrong in what I believe:

  1. The virus can live on the surface of paper or cardboard objects for up to one day. It maybe good to wash your hands after handling a day's mail or to let the mail wait for a day or so.

  2. The virus can live on smooth surfaces for up to three days. It maybe good to wash your hands after handling newly purchased groceries and magazines and other things with plastic for smooth surfaces.

  3. The virus can live on murky moist surfaces for up to 10 days. Meat packing plants and fresh meats and produce may harbor the virus for up to ten days. This is probably why many meat packing plants have infections among the workers. It's good to wash hands after handling fresh meats and vegetables.

I also want to know what environment the virus lives in.

  1. Do things in the freezer harbor the virus longer or less than things at room temperature?

  2. Does the virus live longer or less on things in the refrigerator?

  3. Does the virus live longer in oily surfaces or wet surfaces?

submitted by /u/DiamondSnowOnPluto
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What causes the curve in the tail of the comets?

Posted: 16 Jul 2020 03:05 PM PDT

Is it because the comet is going in an elliptical orbit, our perspective changes, or is it because of something else?

submitted by /u/Kafshak
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Where do the majority of neanderthal finds come from?

Posted: 16 Jul 2020 02:15 PM PDT

From what I understand the first Neanderthal finds were discovered in Germany. However since then what part of the world has the majority of neanderthal finds come?

Kind regards.

submitted by /u/-speedKillz
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How well do coins carry germs/viruses?

Posted: 16 Jul 2020 06:29 PM PDT

It seems to me that a lot of coins are made of copper/copper-nickel/copper-zinc, and I've heard that some of these metals can kill germs or viruses, I've seen copper used in hospitals so it must be a sterile material right? How well can microbes travel on coins?

submitted by /u/AccurateSection
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Do neurons have special proteins to achieve further precise control of alternative splicing?

Posted: 16 Jul 2020 06:04 PM PDT

Theoretically, could a tool like CRISPR be used to knockout specific genes within the SARS-COV-2 Virus, intentionally making it less deadly? Has any genuine work been put into such a project with this virus or any others?

Posted: 16 Jul 2020 11:11 AM PDT

In layman’s terms, what are the differences between various units of “brightness”?

Posted: 16 Jul 2020 08:46 AM PDT

I'm a fanatic of flashlights. I have a few powerful flashlights that are often described as being "brighter than the sun" by my friends when I show them off.

What measurement could I utilize to compare the "brightness" of my flashlights to that of the "brightness" of the sun?

I'm still a noob to the flashlight subreddit, though I have heard of various units such as lumens, lux, and candela; I have also heard of apparent magnitude, regarding the local differences of "brightness" between stars in the sky.

submitted by /u/AubbleCSGO
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