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Wednesday, May 20, 2020

AskScience AMA Series: We're from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and we research the blue economy: the sustainable use of the ocean and connected waterways for collective economic, social, and environmental benefits. Ask Us Anything!

AskScience AMA Series: We're from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and we research the blue economy: the sustainable use of the ocean and connected waterways for collective economic, social, and environmental benefits. Ask Us Anything!

AskScience AMA Series: We're from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and we research the blue economy: the sustainable use of the ocean and connected waterways for collective economic, social, and environmental benefits. Ask Us Anything!

Posted: 20 May 2020 04:00 AM PDT

Within the next decade, the blue economy could generate $3 trillion in revenue for the global economy. At PNNL, we are applying our marine research and unique facilities to accelerate growth in the blue economy and are finding opportunities for innovative energy technologies such as wave, tidal, and offshore wind energy. Coastal scientists at the Marine Sciences Laboratory (MSL) in Sequim, Washington have expertise in key marine development areas, including marine renewable energy, environmental monitoring, biofuels from sustainable feedstocks, and hydrogen fuel production from the ocean.

We're excited to share how science and technology are advancing the future of the blue economy. We'll meet you back here at noon PST (3 ET, 19 UT) to answer your questions!

Username: PNNL

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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Can asymptomatic mean the body isn’t fighting an infection?

Posted: 20 May 2020 04:38 AM PDT

If something infects the body but doesn't negatively impact the host, can the host carry the infection indefinitely?

submitted by /u/dnizzle
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How is it not possible to transfer information faster than the speed of light by use of shadows?

Posted: 20 May 2020 06:07 AM PDT

Let's say we point a very powerful flashlight at the moon, and at both sides of the moon is an observer, and both observers see the light from earth. If we then shut off the flashlight from earth, both observers should see the light turn off at the same time (not factoring the curvature of the moon). This way, both observers know that the light must be off for the other observer as well - faster than light could travel between the observers. How does this not break the law?

submitted by /u/SlipperySnatch
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If we build a very long object (let's say 1 ly) and use an infinite force to push it one meter away from a stationary point, how long will it take for the whole object to have moved one meter away? How fast do the "pushing force" travels and do the object coils like a spring while it does?

Posted: 20 May 2020 04:20 AM PDT

When free falling, is terminal velocity the default velocity our body will try to accelerate/decelerate to?

Posted: 19 May 2020 11:27 PM PDT

For example, if I was dropped out of a plane and my starting velocity is higher than my terminal velocity would I eventually decelerate to terminal velocity?

submitted by /u/AfroCAW
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Ask Anything Wednesday - Economics, Political Science, Linguistics, Anthropology

Posted: 20 May 2020 08:09 AM PDT

Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Economics, Political Science, Linguistics, Anthropology

Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...".

Asking Questions:

Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions.

The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists.

Answering Questions:

Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience.

If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here.

Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here.

Ask away!

submitted by /u/AutoModerator
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With the sun entering a solar minimum, could this slow the effects of climate change in terms of warming the planet?

Posted: 20 May 2020 06:48 AM PDT

I've been seeing a lot of articles about the sun entering it's solar minimum phase from relatively reliable news sources. It got me thinking... Would the solar minimum cool the planet giving humanity a better shot at fixing climate change or am I completely wrong in that thought?

submitted by /u/Jinsentia
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I've heard that humans share 50% of our DNA with bananas. What living organism on Earth shares the LEAST amount of human DNA?

Posted: 19 May 2020 03:35 PM PDT

How exactly did we make the sudden jump from living in caves and hunting Mammoths to farming /living in homes? What caused us to learn agriculture? How did we enter the Neolithic era so quickly?

Posted: 19 May 2020 05:10 PM PDT

For societies where occupational surnames are common, can any differences be seen in populations descended from different professions?

Posted: 19 May 2020 05:04 PM PDT

Assuming you could control for socioeconomic status, race, etc, would it still be possible to trace certain traits back to that ancestry?

submitted by /u/1ncognito
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Do colliders UCC as the LHC have to take into account the rotation of the earth and the differing latitude?

Posted: 19 May 2020 02:18 PM PDT

Edit: UCC was meant to be such

How do calculations and engineering take into account that, because of the size of the collider, some parts of it will be spinning faster than others because of their differing latitudes?

Would the collisions be at the same speed if they occurred at higher or lower latitudes eg the 'top' or 'bottom' of the LHC?

Just in general what (if any) affect does the rotation of the earth have on particle accelerators?

For a straight accelerator, does its direction have to be due east/west?

Thanks

submitted by /u/MalgrugrousStudent
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How did COVID-19 spread from humans to animals?

Posted: 20 May 2020 03:39 AM PDT

Sorry if this is a dumb question, but given that it is an extremely rare chance for the virus to spread to different species (as it did to us to get it), why are we seeing it commonly pass from us to other species such as tigers, cats and dogs who have recently tested positive for the virus?

submitted by /u/lunaeclipce
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Why do myocytes reach +30mV in phase 0 of the action potential (AP) in both normal physiologic environments AND hyperkalemic environment? Shouldn't the hyperkalemic environment AP be lower?

Posted: 19 May 2020 06:49 PM PDT

Hi everyone, I have a question that came up while researching inactivation gates on Na+ channels.

​

From reading Goldin (2003) "Mechanisms of sodium channel inactivation," it seems that some Na+ channels have a time-dependent inactivation channel that closes during the depolarization phase of an action potential. My question specifically pertains to the mechanics of these inactivation gates during a state of extracellular hyperkalemia. In this paper: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1413606/, on figure 3 we see an overlaid cardiac action potential of a normal potential and one that occurs in hyperkalemia. I understand from the GHK equation that hyperkalemia would cause an elevation in cell resting membrane potential, but what I am having trouble understanding is why the peak reached by both actions potentials are the same, to ~+30mV. The authors state that "The membrane potential at the onset of depolarization determines the number of sodium channels activated during depolarization, which in turn determines the magnitude of the inward sodium current and the Vmax of the action potential. " Linking this with my understanding of the inactivation gates, I understand this statement to mean that in a higher than normal cell resting potential environment, less Na channels are able to participate in an action potential due to failure to "reset" the inactivation gate, which is directly dependent on cell repolarization. If there are less Na channels participating in phase 0 of the action potential and if inactivation gates are time-dependent, why then, do both phase 0s reach +30mV? Shouldn't the hyperkalemia AP be lower than +30mV because less total Na+ influx would have been achieved before inactivation gates closed due to less Na channel participation?

submitted by /u/ThrowRA3141112323
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Can dolphins yawn? A study showed elephants and social animals can yawn.

Posted: 19 May 2020 11:41 PM PDT

I was reading how elephants and social animals can yawn and wondered about dolphins.

submitted by /u/2cool2hear
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How do scientists “acquire” the virus when using a small part of it to make a vaccination?

Posted: 19 May 2020 08:06 PM PDT

How do mutations happen and are they always good?

Posted: 19 May 2020 11:28 AM PDT

On a molecular level, how do adhesives like glue and tape function?

Posted: 19 May 2020 09:52 AM PDT

From the way they interact with things, it seems like it can't be a chemical bond, so what is the driving mechanism? And what makes some adhesives stronger than others, like how gorilla tape far outperforms scotch tape?

submitted by /u/wookiebadass
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Why are COVID-19 cases (new daily confirmed cases) on the decline in so many countries?

Posted: 19 May 2020 07:56 AM PDT

I see a general and long-term decline in new case data around the world. France, Italy, Spain, Singapore, and now the U.S./Canada seem to be on that path too. (Source 1)

This decline has been to my surprise, because some countries have been reopening their economies. I expected the daily case rate to go up.

My confusion is around:

1) Serology data only point to maybe 10% of the population tested positive for COVID-19. (Source 2) This should mean we have a long way to go before herd immunity, right?

2) Is there any possibility the virus is "fizzling out" via mutation?

3) Are there any other reasons its spread is so low that countries like Singapore and South Korea report so few cases?

4) In 1918, we saw cases decline significantly between the first and second wave. Do we know the exact reasons why that occurred? John Barry (author of The Great Influenza) mentioned that there were still pockets of outbreaks between the waves, which kind of hinted at the potential of another rebound at the national level. Do we know why the second wave was so much more worse, and do we have any information regarding the likelihood of the same thing occurring again?

Source 1: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ (Select the individual country and scroll to their new case data)

Source 2: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/covidview/index.html

submitted by /u/financiallyanal
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Do helicopters get electrically charged while flying?

Posted: 19 May 2020 06:12 AM PDT

When i was kid in 80s, i used to go to nearby airfield and watch parachute jumpers. I noticed that helicopters, that they used had piece of chain on the one of the chassis. And when i asked mt dad about it, he told me that while helicopter is in the air, it gets charged by static electricity from friction of blades over air. And if i would grab the chain, before it touched the ground, i would get zapped. Now watching videos of non military helicopters, with rubber tires, i dont see them having any way of being grounded during landing. So i wonder if that story was something my dad came up with, or do helicopter have that problem. And if they do have that problem how do they deal with it now?

submitted by /u/alexefi
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Is it possible to trace our elemental origins to a specific star explosion?

Posted: 19 May 2020 09:37 AM PDT

So based on my understanding of the universe, the elements for life are created within stars and later spread across the universe from the exploding death of the star. Is it or will it ever be possible (that we know of) to trace the origins of elemental life on earth to a specific star location or event? Will we ever be able look at elements or particles and see where or when they came from?

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vào lúc No comments:

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Giant Sequoias seem to have a very limited range. Why is this and how long have they been restricted to their current range?

Giant Sequoias seem to have a very limited range. Why is this and how long have they been restricted to their current range?

Giant Sequoias seem to have a very limited range. Why is this and how long have they been restricted to their current range?

Posted: 18 May 2020 06:07 PM PDT

AskScience AMA Series: My name is Dr. Joseph Allen, and I am an Assistant Professor of exposure assessment science at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Director of Harvard’s Healthy Buildings Program. Ask me anything about COVID-19 and the future of the built environment, AMA!

Posted: 19 May 2020 06:43 AM PDT

I am an Assistant Professor of Exposure Assessment Science at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and the founding director of the Healthy Buildings Program. I also have a new book, out last month: Healthy Buildings. In March 2020, I became co-chair of the International Well Building Institute's Coronavirus Task Force.

For several years in private industry before joining the faculty at Harvard, I led teams of scientists and engineers investigating, and resolving, hundreds of indoor environmental quality issues, from'sick buildings' to cancer clusters to all types of chemical/radiological/biological hazards. I learned two important facts: 1) too often we are responding to issues after there is a problem, and 2) we cannot solve these problems without a multidisciplinary approach. I have an interest in the dynamic interplay between the indoor environment and health and am continuing this line of research at Harvard, with a focus on optimizing indoor environments for health benefits. A natural extension of my research on buildings and the indoor environment is the consideration of the products we use in those environments, and how those influence our exposure and health.

I believe that we have to force a collision between these two disciplines: building science and health science. The indoor built environment (homes, offices, schools, hospitals, airplanes, laboratories) plays a critical role in our overall health, both due to the amount of time we spend indoors (~90%) and the ability of the buildings to positively and negatively influence our exposure. The goal is to improve the health of all people, in all buildings, everywhere, every day.

The pandemic spawned by the novel coronavirus has given us a heightened awareness of the role our buildings play in our health and wellbeing. I'm on the record back in early February advocating for healthy buildings strategies, like air filtration and increased ventilation, to reduce the spread of the virus indoors. Since then, I've written several articles about what we can do to reduce our exposure to the virus, including in grocery stores, public parks, and cars/ride shares.

I've also joined forces with my colleagues at Harvard's Center for Communicable Diseases to develop a detailed plan for saving lives and the economy: https://covidpathforward.com/. I'll see you all at 1 PM ET (17 UT), AMA!

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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Do men have hormonal rhythms in the way women do around periods without the coinciding biological event?

Posted: 19 May 2020 06:37 AM PDT

If so, are there traceable impacts on behavior, supposing they could be traced? Similarly, do women have hormonal rhythms that don't relate to the period? Are there differences?

submitted by /u/chromaxome113
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Are there any published articles about what triggers COVID19 symptoms in some people but not in others?

Posted: 19 May 2020 06:02 AM PDT

I've been seeing a lot of research about the virus mechanism and replication, but nothing substantial about why it replicates in a host but doesn't create any symptom. Please post the article reference if you have it.

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Where is the electrical energy generated from power plants stored? Do they have like very big batteries of sorts?

Posted: 19 May 2020 01:31 AM PDT

Have human internal organs changed a lot over time?

Posted: 19 May 2020 07:32 AM PDT

Has there been any research about whether or not organs have shifted sligtly to another place in the body? Especially considering the evolutionary viewpoint - as people became bipedal, there must've been some changes to the internal organs as well.

For example; one organ functions more efficiently if it's under another one instead of above it, so over time it shifted a few cm downwards.

Another question is whether the organs have changed their shape over time for efficienty reasons or otherwise.

Similarly, has anything like that been researched in other primates?

submitted by /u/blondeandendless
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Do women with larger breasts have a greater chance of developing breast cancer?

Posted: 19 May 2020 04:37 AM PDT

Also curious about other similar scenarios, like does a morbidly obese dude with a large surface area have a greater chance of developing skin cancer? I don't fully understand what cancer is or how it develops, but at a base level I think it has to do with cells mutating or growing out of control, so if there's more of a given kind of cell in someone's body, like breast tissue or skin cells, are they at a higher statistical risk for that mutation taking place? Is a 7 foot tall person more likely to develop cancer than a 5 foot tall person since their body has more mass?

submitted by /u/TheGingerGiant129
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Do people that are born without sight still "see stars" ?

Posted: 19 May 2020 06:18 AM PDT

Had a super hard sneeze and saw some stars, got me thinking about it. Do they still show up if someone can't see?

submitted by /u/Atiden
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Does every virus have a theoretical vaccine?

Posted: 19 May 2020 02:12 AM PDT

For all viruses out there is it just a matter of discovering the vaccine? Are there viruses we know are known to not have a vaccine possible or is this question simply unknowable?

submitted by /u/javaHoosier
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I've lived in Los Angeles my whole life and seen everything from historic El Niño rains, to historic droughts. But before me for 8,000 years, the Tongva people lived in what is now Southern California. What was the climate like for them, compared to the climate is for me now?

Posted: 18 May 2020 08:59 PM PDT

TB is also contagious but why we didn't enforce a lock-down like in the case of Covid-19?

Posted: 19 May 2020 04:06 AM PDT

How does forming a bait ball act as protection against predators in schooling fish?

Posted: 19 May 2020 06:57 AM PDT

After watching quite a few documentaries that show large shoals of fish forming bait balls to protect against predation, I am genuinely confused on how this is a protective behavior. In EVERY documentary (that I've seen at least) the entire school of fish gets consumed. The fish seem to all form a tight ball which allows for large predators like whales, eat large swathes of the school in one pass. After that, they flock to the surface to avoid predators from below, allowing birds to pick them off one by one. It just never seems to work out well for the fish. Can someone please explain why fish do this, and what advantage it provides? Thank you.

submitted by /u/mcenroefan
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If projectiles were launched at Escape Velocity from an electromagnetic gun, wouldn't they eventually loop toward the Sun, regardless of which way the Earth was facing at the time they were fired?

Posted: 18 May 2020 08:57 PM PDT

My question has a couple qualifiers that wouldn't fit in the header. One is that those projectiles aren't shot with such velocity that they simply break free from the Sun's gravitational pull, or go into orbit around it. And the other is that the gun's muzzle velocity could be adjusted for the Earth's position with each shot.

The reason I ask is that I'd like to the know about the feasibility of ridding the planet of fissile materials from dismantled nuclear weapons and power plants by blasting small packages of it, day and night, for years, into the Sun by way of a very large electromagnetic gun, which could be powered by stored electricity from solar panels or windmills. (Many years ago I read about a proposal to get rid of decommissioned nuclear weapons by firing them into the Sun, but that was by way of rockets.) It seems to me that using an electromagnetic gun would cause far less atmospheric damage than than endless launches of big rockets would. Probably a lot less expensive, too. There are thousands of tons of nuclear garbage that will be deadly for a quarter of a million years, and incinerating it in the big fusion furnace in the sky would be insure it wouldn't fall into the wrong hands, (or poison unsuspecting future generations) much better than just burying it like they do now.

submitted by /u/Oxnard66
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Apparently a corona virus vaccine would lead to an extreme shortage of syringes and needles. Could it be delivered by a jet injector and would that help reducing equipment shortages?

Posted: 18 May 2020 09:44 PM PDT

Why have I just started hearing about the Severe Inflammatory Syndrome that’s been affecting children with COVID-19?

Posted: 18 May 2020 07:59 PM PDT

For the longest time since COVID-19 has been in existence, I've heard that the virus did not often have severe effects in children. It seems like in the past few weeks, there is so much news about the inflammatory syndrome. The news seems to be talking all about it without much data on how prevalent and/or severe it is. I have a few questions about it.

  1. How common is it estimated to be amongst children with COVID-19?

  2. Why have I just started hearing about it given that the virus has been around since November and has been a global pandemic since February or March?

  3. Is there a chance this symptom developed between November and now (like what happens in Plague Inc.) or is that highly unlikely?

  4. Why is this not occurring in adults? Or is it?

Thanks!

submitted by /u/ToschePowerConverter
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Can every possible logical circuit be converted into an algebraic statement?

Posted: 18 May 2020 11:41 PM PDT

Logically, the state of a transistor can be written as the function Output = Input * Control, where all three of the variables are states represented with a 0 or 1. Since every logic gate can be represented as a series of transistors, it is true that all possible logical circuits can be reduced to a set of algebraic operations on a set of variables? Furthermore, if it is true, what is stopping someone from taking, for example, an old computer and emulating it by simply running it's corresponding mathematical reduction on a modern computer?

submitted by /u/gremmer_is_key
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Why is it hard to create tests for Covid19?

Posted: 18 May 2020 09:55 AM PDT

From my understanding these tests rely on RT-PCR, meaning that the person's saliva cells are broken up, the RNA is then turned to DNA which is then amplified using a primer sequence that matches the viral sequence.

It seems to me that manufacturing these primer sequences should be pretty straightforward ... why is it difficult to scale up testing? Is it the raw materials (primers and reagents), the physical lab capacity, or the manual labor needed?

submitted by /u/horseloverfat7
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What do we know about gynandromorphic bees' behavior?

Posted: 18 May 2020 04:51 PM PDT

Worker, queen and drone bees all have well-defined roles and behavior. Gynandromorphic bees, being "half and half", don't fall cleanly into these categories. Do we know anything about how they act and how other bees treat them? I find it kind of amazing that diploid drones or inadequate queens will get killed but gynandromorphs won't.

Thank you for your help!

submitted by /u/rasputinette
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Why is it that all pictures taken from outer space seem to completely lack all stars?

Posted: 18 May 2020 10:45 PM PDT

For any pictures of the earth from outer space, there is a noticeable lack of stars in the background, even though we see so many from earth's surface. Why is this the case? Is it a photography issue, where the earth is too bright and the stars are too dim?

It's honestly the one question I've heard from flat earthers that I didn't immediately know the answer to myself, so I'm really interested in finding out why. Thanks!

submitted by /u/Drill4Destiny
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How do seals navigate under ice and find their breathing holes?

Posted: 18 May 2020 10:27 PM PDT

I've seen suggestions that they use acoustic navigation and/or can sense the Earth's magnetic field. One study said they can swim 2-3 kilometers away from their breathing hole and find it when they come back. Is there a consensus on this yet? How do they research this question?

submitted by /u/irate_alien
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Does one atom show properties of a matter such as gas/solid/liquid ?

Posted: 18 May 2020 10:31 AM PDT

If Vaccines are essentially “toned down”(for lack of a better term) versions of a virus, why can’t the vaccine be transferred between people like the virus can?

Posted: 18 May 2020 10:25 PM PDT
vào lúc No comments:

Monday, May 18, 2020

AskScience AMA Series: We're volcanologists with the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. 40 years ago today, Mount St. Helens erupted in a very big way. We are here to talk about St. Helens and volcanic eruptions. Ask us anything!

AskScience AMA Series: We're volcanologists with the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. 40 years ago today, Mount St. Helens erupted in a very big way. We are here to talk about St. Helens and volcanic eruptions. Ask us anything!

AskScience AMA Series: We're volcanologists with the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. 40 years ago today, Mount St. Helens erupted in a very big way. We are here to talk about St. Helens and volcanic eruptions. Ask us anything!

Posted: 18 May 2020 04:00 AM PDT

In March 1980, new magma began to intrude beneath Mount St. Helens. Over the next 2 months, the north flank of the mountain began to bulge up to 450 feet (~150 m) outward. At 0832 am, Sunday May 18th, 15-20 seconds after a M5.1 earthquake, the north flank collapsed in the largest recorded landslide, allowing the pressurized magma to explode outward in a lateral blast and pyroclastic density current that levelled ~230 square miles of forest. Over the next ~9 hours, about 0.3 cubic miles of ash and pumice erupted explosively. That ash was distributed locally as highly destructive pyroclastic flows and hundreds of miles away as ash fall. The eruption had profound impacts on the science of volcanology, volcano monitoring, hazard communication, and hazard mitigation.

The Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program (volcano.si.edu) is here to answer your questions about Mount St. Helens (volcano.si.edu/projects/sthelens40/) and volcanoes in general. We'll be on at 7 pm ET (23 UT), ask us anything!

Username: GlobalVolcanism

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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How do pilots know during a flight when there is turbulence coming? They turn on the fasten seat belt sign, and then it gets bumpy. The turbulence ends, and then they turn off the fasten seat belt sign.

Posted: 17 May 2020 08:40 AM PDT

When the swine flu outbreak happened in 2009, the vaccine took less than a year to be synthesized and released to the public. How come people are worried that the COVID vaccine may be released to the public in less than a year?

Posted: 17 May 2020 10:50 AM PDT

If person 1 is trapped under water, and person 2 has access to fresh air as well as to person 1, for how long can person 2 breath in fresh air and exhale it into person 1's mouth? Is there enough breathable air in an exhalation for this to last indefinitely, or would CO2 toxicity slowly build up?

Posted: 17 May 2020 03:32 PM PDT

Do vaccines have "recipes", and if so, once one lab creates one, is it simply shared with the rest of the world? (And how is it ensured that it's being done right?)

Posted: 18 May 2020 07:13 AM PDT

Is it possible to get infected from a single SARS-CoV-2 particle?

Posted: 18 May 2020 05:45 AM PDT

If no, how many of them is enough? And also how long individual particles remain infectious for if suspended in the air?

submitted by /u/CUTE_DATA
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How much life went into a barrel of oil?

Posted: 17 May 2020 11:03 PM PDT

Everyone knows that the fossil in fossil fuel refers to dead life forms, but what does that actually mean? What actually goes into a single barrel of oil? Are we talking discrete animal bodies, organic soil horizons? And just how much biological matter does it take to get one barrel?

submitted by /u/DendrobatesRex
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Have we confirmed that an asymptomatic carrier of covid19 (someone who never develops any symptoms but tests positive) is able to produce enough of a viral load to be contagious?

Posted: 17 May 2020 11:08 PM PDT

I've found lots of studies that suggest it is possible but nothing that can confirm. Is there a study out there that does confirm? I've heard it suggested that the size of viral load correlates to severity of symptoms.

submitted by /u/52fighters
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If helium balloons float upwards because it's less dense than air, shouldn't a container under vacuum also be lighter than air? Could you make an airship float using vacuum if you had a material light, yet strong enough to not collapse on itself?

Posted: 17 May 2020 10:58 PM PDT

Corona Virus Testing: If SARS-COV-2 is the Coronavirus and COVID-19 is the disease. Are we Testing for the Virus? or the Disease?

Posted: 18 May 2020 04:29 AM PDT

I'm having a tough time finding an answer to this. In news, I hear something along lines of "X amount of people tested +ve for COVID-19" which makes me believe that people are being tested for the disease.

But then I hear about how some people tested for COVID-19 are asymptomatic. Which confuses me because aren't the symptoms which tell you whether you have the disease or not?
If you are actually being tested for the virus itself then shouldn't the reporting be "X amount of people tested +ve for SARS-COV-2 Coronavirus"?

submitted by /u/thaHaremKing
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Is there a possibility that the nCov vaccines wont work on people who have already caught nCov?

Posted: 18 May 2020 06:26 AM PDT

I know some vaccines against uncurable diseases like HPV don't work if you've already caught the disease.

Is there a chance that this will be the case with nCov?

submitted by /u/KARMAHARMAHAR
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Does limescale deposition in kettles etc build up during boiling or afterwards?

Posted: 18 May 2020 12:05 AM PDT

Process of limescale buildup with evaporation

I live in an area with hard water so get a lot of limescale in the kettle (by which I mean a stand-alone electric kettle, I'm in the UK).

Having just descaled the kettle recently, I was wondering about the process of the scale deposits forming. Presumably they form when the water evaporates, but is it mostly happening as the water is boiling or afterwards as residual (unused) water evaporates?

And more practically: Presumably limescale buildup could be prevented if I were to rinse out and then thoroughly dry the inside of the kettle with a towel after each use. But given that I'm not going to do that (it would be difficult as lid opening quite narrow), is it better or worse to leave excess water (whether unused boiled water or freshly poured) in there between uses? Ie, is it better to have an inch of water (a little of which will evaporate) or just the a little dampness (all of which will evaporate between uses)?

submitted by /u/ComradeNB
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How does the body decide which fat cells to burn?

Posted: 17 May 2020 03:51 PM PDT

We all know 'spot fat burning' isn't a thing.

So how does the body decide where to burn fat from first? Assuming you have an obese person, making a change to get fit, are there places on the body that lose fat first or does it vary from person to person?

submitted by /u/SquabOnAStick
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Why don't other planets in the Solar System like Mars or Venus have moving tectonic plates?

Posted: 17 May 2020 05:21 PM PDT

And what makes Earth so special for having dynamic tectonic plates?

submitted by /u/icansitstill
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How can radiometric dating be used to determine the age of the Earth, when heavy elements are not fused in the solar system?

Posted: 18 May 2020 02:02 AM PDT

I understand that unstable heavier elements degrade to lighter elements over time, and that the ratio of these elements can be used to determine when the atoms in a rock were fused. However, since heavy elements are not fused on Earth, or anywhere in the solar system, it's not clear to me how this can be used to estimate the age of the Earth.

In principle, it seems like an arbitrary length of time could elapse between the supernova which created the uranium found in a deposit on Earth and the time when the Earth began to form. Is the assumption that the formation of the solar system began shortly after the fusion of the heavy elements now found on Earth?

submitted by /u/brberg
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What makes it rain harder? Why do some clouds cause flash floods while others hardly drizzle?

Posted: 17 May 2020 10:14 AM PDT

Could SARS-CoV-2 Infect the Brain?

Posted: 17 May 2020 12:04 PM PDT

Hello guys,

I am currently looking into how the novel coronavirus might be able to spread and infect the brain. There are a couple of reports out there stating that patients are presenting brain complications like meningitis, encephalitis, etc.

Is there anyone working on this or do you guys have any insights? Thanks!

submitted by /u/spaceflamingoo
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Why doesn’t PCR just use helicase and DNA Polymerase instead of using heat and TAQ polymerase to clone DNA Strands?

Posted: 17 May 2020 08:54 AM PDT

Does the perigee change if i apply a radially outward force to a satellite?

Posted: 17 May 2020 11:00 AM PDT

If I apply a radially outward force to a gravitationally bound system, starting from a perfectly circular orbit, the new orbit will then be a elliptical. But will the path of the ellipse ever have a point where its radius to the original center of rotation be lower than the original circle?

I've been trying to draw a diagram but I'm not sure if it's valid or not.

submitted by /u/PocketCharacter
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Are photons attracted by gravitational force?

Posted: 17 May 2020 08:02 AM PDT

Are photons affected by gravity? What I mean is when we look at any star it's actually the emitted light... is earth's gravity pulling that towerds it or the photons are targeted towards earth? Also if it's gravity pulling, isn't the speed of light affected by the pull?

submitted by /u/bwayne2015
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How exactly does remdesivir work?

Posted: 17 May 2020 05:35 PM PDT

Has it something to do with interfering with a DNA/RNA string and taking the place of one of the nucleobases?

submitted by /u/Beesterd
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