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Tuesday, April 28, 2020

AskScience Panel of Scientists XXII

AskScience Panel of Scientists XXII

AskScience Panel of Scientists XXII

Posted: 24 Jan 2020 05:32 PM PST

Please read this entire post carefully and format your application appropriately.

This post is for new panelist recruitment! The previous one is here.

The panel is an informal group of redditors who are either professional scientists or those in training to become so. All panelists have at least a graduate-level familiarity within their declared field of expertise and answer questions from related areas of study. A panelist's expertise is summarized in a color-coded AskScience flair.

Membership in the panel comes with access to a panelist subreddit. It is a place for panelists to interact with each other, voice concerns to the moderators, and where the moderators make announcements to the whole panel. It's a good place to network with people who share your interests!

You are eligible to join the panel if you:

  • Are studying for at least an MSc. or equivalent degree in the sciences, AND,

  • Are able to communicate your knowledge of your field at a level accessible to various audiences.

Instructions for formatting your panelist application:

  • Choose exactly one general field from the side-bar (Physics, Engineering, Social Sciences, etc.).

  • State your specific field in one word or phrase (Neuropathology, Quantum Chemistry, etc.)

  • Succinctly describe your particular area of research in a few words (carbon nanotube dielectric properties, myelin sheath degradation in Parkinsons patients, etc.)

  • Give us a brief synopsis of your education: are you a research scientist for three decades, or a first-year Ph.D. student?

  • Provide links to comments you've made in AskScience which you feel are indicative of your scholarship. Applications will not be approved without several comments made in /r/AskScience itself.

Ideally, these comments should clearly indicate your fluency in the fundamentals of your discipline as well as your expertise. We favor comments that contain citations so we can assess its correctness without specific domain knowledge.

Here's an example application:

 Username: /u/foretopsail General field: Anthropology Specific field: Maritime Archaeology Particular areas of research include historical archaeology, archaeometry, and ship construction. Education: MA in archaeology, researcher for several years. Comments: 1, 2, 3, 4.

Please do not give us personally identifiable information and please follow the template. We're not going to do real-life background checks - we're just asking for reddit's best behavior. However, several moderators are tasked with monitoring panelist activity, and your credentials will be checked against the academic content of your posts on a continuing basis.

You can submit your application by replying to this post.

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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AskScience AMA Series: We are the NASA, ALMA, and university scientists studying comets and asteroids, here to answer your questions about some of our more recent observations on comet Borisov, comet Atlas, and asteroid 1998 OR2. Ask us anything!

Posted: 28 Apr 2020 07:25 AM PDT

Join us at today at 4 p.m. ET (20 UT) to ask anything about these enigmatic objects zipping into our view. Is Comet Borisov really from outside our solar system? How does it compare to the other interstellar visitor 'Oumuamua? What is it made of? What's causing Comet Atlas to fall apart? How close is 1998 OR2 from Earth right now? We'd love to answer your questions about these, and more!

  • Kelly Fast Near-Earth Object Observations, Program Manager, NASA HQ
  • Lindley Johnson, Planetary Defense Officer, NASA HQ
  • Lucas Paganini, Planetary Scientist, NASA HQ
  • Zexi Xing, Graduate student, University of Hong Kong and Auburn University, lead author on Borisov Swift observations described in an April 27 paper in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
  • Dennis Bodewits, Associate Professor of Physics, Auburn University, co-author on Borisov Swift observations described in an April 27 paper in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
  • Martin Cordiner, NASA Goddard astrochemist who led the Borisov ALMA observations described in April 20 paper in Nature Astronomy
  • Stefanie Milam, NASA Goddard planetary scientist and co-author of the April 20 paper on Borisov in Nature Astronomy
  • Max Mutchler, Principal Staff Scientist, Space Telescope Science Institute
  • Quanzhi Ye

Username: NASA

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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Does gravity have a range or speed?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 12:20 PM PDT

So, light is a photon, and it gets emitted by something (like a star) and it travels at ~300,000 km/sec in a vacuum. I can understand this. Gravity on the other hand, as I understand it, isn't something that's emitted like some kind of tractor beam, it's a deformation in the fabric of the universe caused by a massive object. So, what I'm wondering is, is there a limit to the range at which this deformation has an effect. Does a big thing like a black hole not only have stronger gravity in general but also have the effects of it's gravity be felt further out than a small thing like my cat? Or does every massive object in the universe have some gravitational influence on every other object, if very neglegable, even if it's a great distance away? And if so, does that gravity move at some kind of speed, and how would it change if say two black holes merged into a bigger one? Additional mass isn't being created in such an event, but is "new gravity" being generated somehow that would then spread out from the merged object?

I realize that it's entirely possible that my concept of gravity is way off so please correct me if that's the case. This is something that's always interested me but I could never wrap my head around.

Edit: I did not expect this question to blow up like this, this is amazing. I've already learned more from reading some of these comments than I did in my senior year physics class. I'd like to reply with a thank you to everyone's comments but that would take a lot of time, so let me just say "thank you" to all for sharing your knowledge here. I'll probably be reading this thread for days. Also special "thank you" to the individuals who sent silver and gold my way, I've never had that happen on Reddit before.

submitted by /u/cugamer
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If a big volcano was about to blow, is there anything we could do to stop it?

Posted: 28 Apr 2020 04:37 AM PDT

Could a star have a stable ring system?

Posted: 28 Apr 2020 08:54 AM PDT

I'm not talking about a proto planetary disk, I mean could a star have a ring system that is stable and will exist until the star expands and absorbs it.

submitted by /u/Cilarnen
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How is the Oxford group months ahead of producing a vaccine?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 01:19 PM PDT

I just read that one group is projecting to finish making a vaccine viable by the end of this year.

https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/27/world/europe/coronavirus-vaccine-update-oxford.html?referringSource=articleShare

Why is there such a big head start for this group and how does the scientific community go about peer reviewing the vaccine research in such a fast paced environment? Particularly considering how hundreds of millions, if not billions of doses, will be administered.

submitted by /u/jallirancher
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How does a vaccine help you after you got infected?

Posted: 28 Apr 2020 05:38 AM PDT

When you got a deep cut you always get asked if you up to date on your tetanus otherwise you get a shot. Same with rabies. How does the vaccine with an inactive version of the disease help you if you already have the live version in you?

submitted by /u/srirachaninja
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Have any studies looked at SARS-CoV-1 - SARS-CoV-2 co-immunity?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 10:36 PM PDT

Not even sure that's a word. But has anyone looked at whether someone who has recovered from SARS and would have the expected antibodies exhibited any immunity to COVID-19? Or vice-versa?

submitted by /u/Brainded_23
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Is it possible to change the spin on an electron intentionally?

Posted: 28 Apr 2020 05:06 AM PDT

Edit: just clarifying change the direction if the spin (left or right)

submitted by /u/thaJAC
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Is relativistic time dilation applicable to non-relativistic speeds?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 11:06 PM PDT

The title might be contradicting itself, but here is my question:

If I drive a car at 300km/h for enough time, will I eventually be displaced, even for miliseconds, from an external observer?

As in: if I travel in a spacecraft close to the speed of light and return to earth everyone would be older than expected right? The closer to light speed the more extreme this becomes and viceversa. Does this still happen with everyday speeds? Even in a very tiny negligible level?

submitted by /u/prodiguezzz
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Why are atoms of the same material usually found together in nature?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 03:47 PM PDT

Sometimes it is "easy" to explain, like atoms inside the stars or the heavy metals in the earth's core, because of their different densities. However why do we find "patches" or ores of different materials? How did so many iron molecules get grouped up together so neatly for us to find? Why so much sand is concentrated in the Sahara desert? Why isn't the universe just a mess of random molecules?

submitted by /u/MrC-to-the-Jay
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Are seeds aware about gravity in order to know where the ground is ?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 03:44 PM PDT

Why would a nuclear war cause a nuclear winter rather than contribute towards global warming?

Posted: 28 Apr 2020 12:32 AM PDT

The firestorms produced by the burning cities and forests caused by the bombs would produce large amounts of Carbon Dioxide and it's my understanding that this is a greenhouse gas (a contributor towards global warming). As I asked in the title, why wouldn't this heat the earth's atmosphere rather than cool it?

submitted by /u/FoolishAdvisor
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What causes wind to happen?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 12:49 PM PDT

What is the Klein-Nishina formula?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 08:17 PM PDT

I took a radiation shielding design course and had an impartial explanation on this formula. I was wondering if anyone who has the background on this could help me understand it a little more clearly.

submitted by /u/danielkoala
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Is there an inverse cube law for a component of an electromagnetic wave?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 03:16 PM PDT

I seem to remember reading (many years ago) that there is a component of an electromagnetic wave emitted from an antenna that obeys an inverse cube law. If this is true, what's reallly going on?

submitted by /u/shassis
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Monday, April 27, 2020

Is the average human being closer to the size of the entire observable universe or closer to 1 planck lenght?

Is the average human being closer to the size of the entire observable universe or closer to 1 planck lenght?

Is the average human being closer to the size of the entire observable universe or closer to 1 planck lenght?

Posted: 26 Apr 2020 03:27 PM PDT

On a scale that ranges from 1 plank lenght to 93 billion light years where would the average human being fall on that scale? would we fall towards the lower end or the upper end of the scale?

submitted by /u/FauxxeUK
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Do other Great apes pee holding their penises with their hands or is that just humans?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 08:22 AM PDT

Is Vitamin D the only essential nutrient we can get from something other than food?

Posted: 26 Apr 2020 01:53 PM PDT

Vitamin D we can get from sunlight. Is there any other essential nutrient we get from the sun or other means aside from eating?

submitted by /u/PowerfulBlubie
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What's with the Tapir continental distribution?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 07:10 AM PDT

I understand there are four species of Tapir, three in South and Central America (the mountain, lowland, and Baird's) and one in Southeast Asia (the Malayan). How did this happen? Do we know on which continent they first evolved?Are they an example of convergent evolution? If not how did a rouge Tapir get to a whole different continent? We're there more widespread populations at one point and these two islands are all that remain? I just want to know how these weirdos got where they are. Thanks!

submitted by /u/Okapi_johnstonii
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What causes weekly trends in Covid19 Death Toll?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 07:21 AM PDT

Looking at the data of of daily reported deaths, there is a fairly consistent weekly trend, showing a relative drop in reported deaths on Sunday and Monday. I assume this is due to reporting logistics but seems that could be adjusted by the reporter. So, confusing. Is there a better explanation?

submitted by /u/CoosForester
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Why is there more head loss in a smaller radius bend than a larger radius bend?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 08:40 AM PDT

It makes sense to me that this happens but I can't explain it

submitted by /u/tomc2311
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How old is the arctic's oldest ice?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 06:06 AM PDT

I read a lot that the arctic's oldest ice is cracking up or already 95% gone. My question is, how old is this ice though? Do we have an upper limit from the last time the arctic was ice free (if it was)? Do scientists get ice cores from greenland or the north pole like they do from antarctica?

Is it stationary or does the ice renew itself, i.e. ice melts and grows in other places so that the ice we see now is not the same as the ice last year/10 years ago/100years ago?

submitted by /u/guery64
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How far does lightning spread in a pond, lake, or the ocean? How far do you have to be away to be safe in a large body of water or small for that matter?

Posted: 26 Apr 2020 12:54 PM PDT

Does water go faster the closer it gets to the drain?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 08:10 AM PDT

Is testing someone for COVID-19 immediately after exposure effective?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 07:06 AM PDT

Suppose a healthy person was exposed to the virus, and then tested for it that same day (no signs or symptoms showing, and likely within a few hours, or less, of exposure). Would the test still be as reliable as it would be for a person who was exposed, and has been showing symptoms for 48 hours or more?

submitted by /u/-Skal
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What was the population density of T Rexes?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 02:58 AM PDT

A question I've always had about them - surely as gigantic apex predators, they would have required a large hunting area to feed themselves, but they also have to be densely populated enough to find other T Rexes and reproduce. Do we know how many T Rexes would have existed across North America, for instance?

submitted by /u/onthedown_low
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Why does THC last so much longer in the human body than most other drugs?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 12:11 AM PDT

How does electricity heating a filament in a light become photons streaming into my eye?

Posted: 26 Apr 2020 05:10 PM PDT

I started thinking about this last night. After a sleepless night and a significant amount of time trying to figure it out from information on the internet, I'm throwing in the towel and asking: what is the process, from the moment I flip the switch to the time the photons hit the cornea? What particles and forces are involved at what stages? I'm relatively educated for a layperson, but not educated enough to construct the full flow chart: HELP ME GET TO SLEEP TONIGHT!

submitted by /u/Perspicacia_Tick
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Why is precise tracking of satellites difficult?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 01:47 AM PDT

I was recently surprised to learn that satellite collisions like this one can happen (albeit rarely), and even more surprised that the satellites involved had actually been projected to pass each other at 584 meters. I'd always assumed that the orbit of any object large enough to see at all was known to an extremely high precision, since it would be governed by very simple forces.

I'd like to know which factor is the main bottleneck in our ability to precisely predict the paths of satellites and orbital debris. I can think of a couple of

  • Initial conditions - measuring the object's current velocity and position might be more difficult than I'd assumed.
  • Variable gravity - perhaps the inhomogeneities in Earth's gravitational field are large enought to affect the orbit?
  • Other bodies - do tidal forces from the Moon have an appreciable influence?
  • Drag - I'd always assumed that the atmosphere that high up would be completely negligible, but maybe not?

Are one or more of these responsible? Or is it something else?

submitted by /u/Drubbels
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How do quantum computers work? How do you read or write data in qubits?

Posted: 26 Apr 2020 08:58 AM PDT

I understand the principle behind the working of a quantum computer, but how do they read or write data in qubits? What is the actual mechanism behind it? What actuall happens in the quantum computer?

submitted by /u/noclue_noblue
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Do we build up a tolerance to reward chemicals?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 05:25 AM PDT

A little while ago I came across this video on youtube describing somthing called "dopamine detox". If you don't want to watch it yourself the basic idea is that by performing highly exciting/rewarding activities (such as video games, netflix, junk food etc.) too often our bodies become desensitized to our natural reward chemical and thus we require higher doses to feel good. A side effect of this is that not indulging in such activities gives us lower dopamine levels than we're used to and thus make it more difficult to focus on less immediately and intensely rewarding activities such as studying, exercising or practicing a musical instrument.

Now to my personal anecdotal evidence. Even before watching this video I had been thinking a lot about my psychological health. More specifically, I believe I "feel less" than I used to. Or rather, it's as if my emotions are dampened. For example, I remember a few years ago when I was 15-16, reading/watching romantic scenes in books and tv series (especially "unexpected first kiss" scenes and similar) would give me these increadible emotional highs. It would feel like an adrenaline explosion in my chest. The first time it happened I remember vividly, and I rode that high for days. Nowadays I'm lucky if a get a small tingle of emotion. It also happens that I have played a lot of computer games since. We're talking thousands of hours.

I considered if I was depressed for a while, since I've read that depression can cause similar symptoms, however I haven't displayed any other depression symptoms like agression or anti-social behavior. Could it be that instead of having too low levels of reward chemicals, my body has acclimatized to too high levels like the video describes, or have I simply "outgrown" these powerful emotions after puberty? Is the video "legit" or mostly based on pseudoscience?

submitted by /u/SidewinderTV
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How did we artificially select fruits to grow without seeds? (such mandarine oranges and oranges)

Posted: 26 Apr 2020 09:16 PM PDT

How does the brain know when it is tired?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 03:14 AM PDT

I thought it may work the same as with hunger, but I can't imagine how the brain could measure its energy level.

submitted by /u/astronaldus
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Will it ever be possible to create a direct image of an extrasolar planet in the same way we can view, say, Mars or Jupiter?

Posted: 26 Apr 2020 02:11 PM PDT

I know that there has been some amazing images of extrasolar planets, such as those around HR 8799 by the Keck Observatory using motion interpolation. But, is there any possibility of acquiring an image in visual light - so that you could say "It's green" or "It's blue".

Thank you!

submitted by /u/Ach3ron-Attacks
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Is there a reason on why Soviet spacecraft was more rounded in design compared to American polygonal or even cube shaped spacecraft?

Posted: 27 Apr 2020 03:04 AM PDT

If you look at Sputnik, the Luna 1 and 2 programs or Soviet landers and satellites you will notice that they all have spheres and cylinders at the Core of their design while American spacecraft had more visible edges like in the Apollo landers and in other satellites. Was that just an aesthetic choice or were there practical reasons behind these designs? And given that rounded spacecraft can't be seen anymore, does that mean that the polygonal design is better?

submitted by /u/AnonCaptain002
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How does a polariser filter out certain components of unpolarised light?

Posted: 26 Apr 2020 10:59 PM PDT

I understand that a polariser has the ability too let light waves of a specific polarisation pass through. My question is how does it blocks out light of other polarisation's? How does the polariser interact with the the light waves? Thanks

submitted by /u/fx-3650P
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Can blood outside human body generate antibodies when exposed to virus?

Posted: 26 Apr 2020 07:05 PM PDT

Im sure it's a dumb question: Why can't scientists test vaccines on blood samples in test tubes, without jeopardizing the human donor? If not, what other components from the human body do the blood need to create these antibodies? Can these be components be "externalized" or synthesized?

submitted by /u/Avonord
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How the phase velocity of de Broglie wave is greater than the velocity of light in free space?

Posted: 26 Apr 2020 08:47 PM PDT
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Sunday, April 26, 2020

If the axial tilt of Uranus (97°) was caused by a giant impact that flipped it on its side, then why do Uranus' moons orbit around its equator at the same tilt (≈97°)? Shouldn't their orbits follow whatever mild axial tilt Uranus had before the hypothetical giant impact?

If the axial tilt of Uranus (97°) was caused by a giant impact that flipped it on its side, then why do Uranus' moons orbit around its equator at the same tilt (≈97°)? Shouldn't their orbits follow whatever mild axial tilt Uranus had before the hypothetical giant impact?

If the axial tilt of Uranus (97°) was caused by a giant impact that flipped it on its side, then why do Uranus' moons orbit around its equator at the same tilt (≈97°)? Shouldn't their orbits follow whatever mild axial tilt Uranus had before the hypothetical giant impact?

Posted: 26 Apr 2020 02:24 AM PDT

So the most accepted explanation for Uranus' sideway axial tilt is that it once had a normal tilt like the other planets bar Venus (0° to 30°) but then a certain massive object collided with it and caused it to tilt sideways.

But by that explanation then shouldn't Uranus' moons be orbiting 0° to 30° (or whatever tilt Uranus had before) rather than over its equator?

Did the moons only start forming after the impact? If they were formed before when Uranus still had a mild axial tilt then it makes no sense for them to orbit exactly over present-day Uranus' equator.

submitted by /u/kaksowohe7
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What happens if you get a vaccine for a disease you already have antibodies for?

Posted: 25 Apr 2020 08:53 PM PDT

With the Covid stuff going around, I'm sure there's some people who gained antibodies without realizing it. Does nothing happen?

submitted by /u/SageOfSong
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Can cats recognize their own meow?

Posted: 25 Apr 2020 03:08 PM PDT

Whenever I play videos with cats meowing, my cat freaks out and runs around looking for the supposed cat, he will even wake up if he's asleep. When I play videos or recordings of him meowing he doesn't react at all. So, is this because he can recognize his own meow and if true, is this normal for all cats?

submitted by /u/illuminatilamp
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How do the researchers studying Covid-19 (and other viruses) “store” it?

Posted: 26 Apr 2020 08:03 AM PDT

May be a dumb or obvious question for many, but I really know nothing about virus research or medicine for that matter. I have read that the virus without a host can stay alive from a few hours to a couple of days. So when these researchers are observing under what conditions the virus thrives or dies, how do they store it and make sure it stays alive indefinitely? Or do they need to get new samples all the time from current hosts?

submitted by /u/StarloManfield
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Spectroscopy Question. Are more stable compounds easier to excite? Reading about UV and how conjugated systems raise the wavelength of a molecule and I'm not sure if I'm missing the point. Is it just that pi and n elections are easier to excite and has no relation to the molecule stability?

Posted: 26 Apr 2020 05:30 AM PDT

What determines the reverse voltages of diodes?

Posted: 26 Apr 2020 06:06 AM PDT

Recently been doing some research on early rectifiers and have learned that almost all common metal oxides will work as a diode, but usually at pretty low backward voltages. The most common were cadmium selenide and copper oxide, but improvised homebrew diodes can apparently be made with ferric oxide or zinc oxide.

The issue with them always seems to be the high forward and low backward voltages, cadmium selenide (AKA "selenium rectifiers" in old radios and amps) is 1V forward and 25V reverse, while zinc oxide is 3V at best and copper oxide is often as low as 1V in reverse. Why is this? I know it's something to do with band gaps but how do those relate to actual voltages?

submitted by /u/D0esANyoneREadTHese
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What determines the intensity of rain?

Posted: 25 Apr 2020 06:55 PM PDT

Sometimes there are white clouds that cause a huge downpour and sometimes there are dark grey clouds that have a sprinkle. Sometimes the rain goes forever at a steady pace all day and sometimes it does a huge downpour in 10 minutes then nothing else. What makes this happen? I have tried googling but can't find it, bit might be looking for the wrong word.

submitted by /u/makesenseofyourworld
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How come we can't throw trash into an active Volcano?

Posted: 26 Apr 2020 04:48 AM PDT

I'm just curious as to why we can't take our landfill trash and put it in a volcano? Wouldn't that get rid of it?

I mean I'm sure there has to be a dire consequence that I'm not aware of because I'm sure that's the reason why it isn't happening.

submitted by /u/Buckfuddr
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Is any active part of the human genome thought to be viral in origin?

Posted: 25 Apr 2020 11:50 AM PDT

Are there any traits that we have that we can thank some ancient viral infection for?

submitted by /u/glibsonoran
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Are strings in string theory just field fluctuations?

Posted: 25 Apr 2020 07:16 PM PDT

So Googling "what are strings made of" is not particularly useful for answering this question; I get everything from "nothing, they're purely mathematical" to "they're the fundamental form of all matter and energy", both of which seem...strictly true while not exactly being useful.

In layman's explanations of current quantum field theories we're told that all particles are fluctuations within omnipresent fields. Quarks, electrons, photons, everything is a localized spike of the corresponding field(s) value. Are strings just constructs within these fields that exist in one or more dimensions? As an example, is a one dimensional string representing an electromagnetic particle just a vibrating pattern within some subsection (since strings have length) of the electromagnetic field?

Put more simply, if I ask "what's doing the vibrating", is the answer "field values in the area defining the string"?

Or is this the wrong way to think about it? Does string theory approach fields completely differently?

submitted by /u/Mezentine
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How exactly does herd immunity work?

Posted: 25 Apr 2020 11:05 AM PDT

I admittedly don't know much about the topic, but I've read that in order for herd immunity to be effective, 83-94% of the population must have become immune to whatever infection. Two questions:

  1. How does one define a population? If we are looking at human beings, for example, if 95% of Canadians were immune but 25% of Mexicans were, would that impact overall herd immunity? Does it depend on how much the groups mix?

  2. Does the size of the herd have any bearing on what percentage must be achieved to maintain immunity? For example, would a herd of 100 individuals need a lower percentage than a herd of 100 million?

submitted by /u/permexhaustedpanda
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Any two orbiting bodies lose energy to gravitational waves, but the moon will recede until the Earth is tidally locked to it; Are binary neutron stars that inspiral and merge tidally locked to each other?

Posted: 25 Apr 2020 03:46 PM PDT

Why cant a ramjet transition to a scramjet?

Posted: 25 Apr 2020 09:13 AM PDT

It feels to me that the only thing preventing this from happening is a variable inlet and combustion chamber design. A ramjet could accelerate to its top speed and the inlet/combustion chamber can change to allow supersonic airflow and combustion through the engine.

Wouldn't it be just a matter of varying the angle of the inlet and combustion chamber's walls?

submitted by /u/thesaintscross
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When you run and get a stitch, what is it and why is it so painful?

Posted: 25 Apr 2020 11:12 AM PDT

What goes on in our body when we have the hiccups?

Posted: 25 Apr 2020 07:12 AM PDT

Also, What causes them, whats their purpose, and if there's any evidence whats the best way to treat them?

submitted by /u/JohnyyBanana
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Are there any unexplored regions on Earth apart from the oceans?

Posted: 24 Apr 2020 10:27 PM PDT

Are there any unexplored regions on earth that could harbor totally different kinds of flora/fauna? If so, could there be any indigenous tribes that we don't know of? Thank you!

I don't know which flair to use, hope this is the correct one

submitted by /u/faucaceres
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Could an orbital resonance similar to that of Naiad and Thalassa exist between three moons instead of just two?

Posted: 25 Apr 2020 10:56 AM PDT

(I don't think this is a hypothetical question, exactly, but if this sub thinks it is I'll gladly take it over to AskScienceDiscussion.)

Neptune's moons Naiad and Thalassa share a seemingly unique orbital resonance. Because Naiad's orbit is titled relative to Thalassa's, as the one laps the other, Naiad appears to pass "above" Thalassa (as seen from Neptune) twice, and then "below" Thalassa twice. This cycle results in a stable orbital resonance despite the two moons' orbits being very, very close together.

Is a similar arrangement with three moons possible? If so, what would it look like?

Thanks in advance!

submitted by /u/LeakyLycanthrope
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Why do we develop immunity to some diseases, like chicken pox, but not to others, like the flu and colds?

Posted: 25 Apr 2020 09:30 AM PDT

Does the size of an object determine how big of a sonic boom it makes?

Posted: 25 Apr 2020 09:19 AM PDT

For example, if a pebble was accelerated to Mach 1, would it produce the same type of boom as a supersonic jet?

submitted by /u/Dragon_Overlord
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Is there a difference in the cells that produce uterine walls?

Posted: 25 Apr 2020 08:59 AM PDT

When women menstruate, the "blood" is mostly tissue, but what kind of tissue and how is it produced? (i.e. what kind of cell produces this tissue?)

submitted by /u/WhaleTryAgainLater
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