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Wednesday, August 21, 2019

Why was the number 299,792,458 chosen as the definiton of a metre instead of a more rounded off number like 300,000,000?

Why was the number 299,792,458 chosen as the definiton of a metre instead of a more rounded off number like 300,000,000?

Why was the number 299,792,458 chosen as the definiton of a metre instead of a more rounded off number like 300,000,000?

Posted: 20 Aug 2019 11:17 PM PDT

So a metre is defined as the distance light travels in 1/299,792,458 of a second, but is there a reason why this particular number is chosen instead of a more "convenient" number?

Edit: Typo

submitted by /u/Ciltan
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How are lab rats given specific diseases?

Posted: 21 Aug 2019 08:33 AM PDT

I remember seeing a post about rats with pancreatic cancer, how are they given this cancer? Are a bunch of rats bread and the "lucky" ones get sorted out?

submitted by /u/FragileEclipse
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Probably a stupid question, but is the sun cooling down?

Posted: 21 Aug 2019 06:49 AM PDT

Since it's constantly giving off heat, won't it like... run out of heat at some point

submitted by /u/hpfanatic7
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Why is electric field at a point discontinuous if there is a charge at that point?

Posted: 21 Aug 2019 03:58 AM PDT

Ask Anything Wednesday - Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science

Posted: 21 Aug 2019 08:13 AM PDT

Welcome to our weekly feature, Ask Anything Wednesday - this week we are focusing on Physics, Astronomy, Earth and Planetary Science

Do you have a question within these topics you weren't sure was worth submitting? Is something a bit too speculative for a typical /r/AskScience post? No question is too big or small for AAW. In this thread you can ask any science-related question! Things like: "What would happen if...", "How will the future...", "If all the rules for 'X' were different...", "Why does my...".

Asking Questions:

Please post your question as a top-level response to this, and our team of panellists will be here to answer and discuss your questions.

The other topic areas will appear in future Ask Anything Wednesdays, so if you have other questions not covered by this weeks theme please either hold on to it until those topics come around, or go and post over in our sister subreddit /r/AskScienceDiscussion , where every day is Ask Anything Wednesday! Off-theme questions in this post will be removed to try and keep the thread a manageable size for both our readers and panellists.

Answering Questions:

Please only answer a posted question if you are an expert in the field. The full guidelines for posting responses in AskScience can be found here. In short, this is a moderated subreddit, and responses which do not meet our quality guidelines will be removed. Remember, peer reviewed sources are always appreciated, and anecdotes are absolutely not appropriate. In general if your answer begins with 'I think', or 'I've heard', then it's not suitable for /r/AskScience.

If you would like to become a member of the AskScience panel, please refer to the information provided here.

Past AskAnythingWednesday posts can be found here.

Ask away!

submitted by /u/AutoModerator
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Wikipedia says that if you get liposuction, even with dieting and exercise, the fat cells removed will return to the body within a few months. What causes this?

Posted: 21 Aug 2019 05:54 AM PDT

Pregnancy 24h (or more) after ovulation?

Posted: 21 Aug 2019 05:08 AM PDT

Hey, I've read some articles about getting pregnant and most of them are saying that getting pregnant 24h or more after ovulation are nil, but why aren't they exactly 0%? If ovulation egg dies my logic suggests me that it's impossible to get pregnant. Apart from shifting ovulation and irregular cycles, why isn't it 0%?

submitted by /u/razor9876
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How did engineers integrated algorithms on the first electrical components such as boards and other circuitry?

Posted: 21 Aug 2019 05:07 AM PDT

How do insects breathe if they don't have lungs?

Posted: 20 Aug 2019 06:49 PM PDT

I just learned that many insects don't breathe, but rather oxygen diffuses into their bodies. So is there no conscious control of supplying their body with oxygen? Wouldn't this be incredibly inefficient?

submitted by /u/samsaneff1
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When it comes to Carbon-14 dating, why do we measure the ratio between Carbon-14 to Carbon-12, but not Carbon-14 to Nitrogen-14?

Posted: 20 Aug 2019 09:04 PM PDT

What's keeping cordyceps from attacking humans?

Posted: 20 Aug 2019 02:32 PM PDT

Ive been playing the last of us and went down the rabbit hole of fungus zombies that infect insects

submitted by /u/sleepy_phan
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What are animal sleep cycles like? Are they similar to a human's sleep cycles?

Posted: 21 Aug 2019 02:53 AM PDT

I recently purchased two budgies and every source I see says they need 8 - 12 hours of uninterrupted sleep, which had me wondering if their sleep cycle is similar to ours. Do all/most/some animals go through REM cycles? Do they go through deep sleep? Light sleep? Is sleep still a means of processing what they've experienced throughout the day like humans have?

I've noticed my dogs can nap just about anywhere for any length of time too, do they require similar uninterrupted sleep?

submitted by /u/stalolin
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Are some languages easier to lip read than others?

Posted: 21 Aug 2019 02:21 AM PDT

So lip reading, pretty bad in general I think? But compare something guttural like English to something like mandarin - is there any differences in difficulty for native speakers?

submitted by /u/Orbax
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[Biology] What mechanism controls/produces the colour banding of a snail shell, cycling through the various colours as it grows?

Posted: 20 Aug 2019 04:01 PM PDT

[Chemistry] Do radioactive atoms constantly emit radiation or is this only when the element decays?

Posted: 20 Aug 2019 10:54 PM PDT

And if the latter is true, is that atom technically 'safe' until it decays?

submitted by /u/IApparentlyExist
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How do aortic and pulmonic heart valves work? Especially with no chordae tendineae?

Posted: 20 Aug 2019 02:46 PM PDT

So I'm doing some research about heart valves and how they work because seeing the gross anatomy of a heart and being told papillary muscles contract to keep the heart closed isn't completely straightforward, based on angles and such. Long story short I can't find any great animations about chordea tendineae and how they work but I got some descriptions so that is a little better. But now i realize the aortic and pulmonary DON'T EVEN HAVE THEM WHICH JUST MAKES PAPILLARY MUSCLES AND CHORDAE TENDINEAE EVEN MORE CONFUSING.

Tl;dr Basically i need to know how they are withstanding massive pressures (aortic valve) without any of these "support beams" that the AV valves have?

submitted by /u/SpaceCowboyNutz
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What makes something the source of a river?

Posted: 20 Aug 2019 11:34 AM PDT

Like when people say they searched for the source of the Nile, but it turns out to be some tiny puddle stream thing. How come that is the source of all the water in the Nile?

submitted by /u/PenCone
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What do astronauts do with their excrement in the International Space Station?

Posted: 20 Aug 2019 02:46 PM PDT

Where do bugs go when it rains?

Posted: 20 Aug 2019 08:17 AM PDT

Is there a proven benefit of writing pen to paper versus writing on a tablet?

Posted: 20 Aug 2019 09:43 AM PDT

I recently started journaling and am hearing that you don't get the "benefit" of writing if on a tablet.

edit: when I say writing on a tablet, I mean actually writing with a tablet paired pen on the tablet. Not typing on keys or touching keys on the screen.

submitted by /u/eggyourpardon
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How do search engines get results so quickly?

Posted: 20 Aug 2019 02:12 PM PDT

When I look something up on google or look up a name on Instagram I get results nearly immediately despite there being like billions of results for the search to look through. Even just making a search for a specific file on my laptop takes a while, so how do companies like these do it so fast?

submitted by /u/wabahoo_on_you
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Tuesday, August 20, 2019

AskScience AMA Series: I'm Dr. Jennifer Cope, a medical epidemiologist at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. I am here to talk about contact lenses and healthy wear and care habits. AMA!

AskScience AMA Series: I'm Dr. Jennifer Cope, a medical epidemiologist at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. I am here to talk about contact lenses and healthy wear and care habits. AMA!

AskScience AMA Series: I'm Dr. Jennifer Cope, a medical epidemiologist at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. I am here to talk about contact lenses and healthy wear and care habits. AMA!

Posted: 20 Aug 2019 04:00 AM PDT

Hello! I am a medical epidemiologist and infectious disease doctor at CDC in the Waterborne Disease Prevention Branch. I work to prevent and stop infections caused by free-living amebas, which are single-celled organisms found in water and soil. Free-living amebas can cause diseases ranging from a type of encephalitis, or brain infection, to serious eye infections.

I support epidemiologic, laboratory, and communication activities related to free-living ameba infections. Acanthamoeba is a free-living ameba that can get on your contact lenses and cause a painful and disruptive infection called Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). Acanthamoeba keratitis can lead to vision problems, the need for a corneal transplant, or blindness. Luckily, AK and other contact lens-related eye infections are largely preventable.

I also work with the CDC Healthy Contact Lens Program to help people learn about contact lens-related eye infections and the healthy habits that can reduce your chances of getting an eye infection. For more information about the CDC Healthy Contact Lens Program and our contact lens recommendations, visit our website: https://www.cdc.gov/contactlenses/index.html.

My team conducted new research on the communication between eye care providers and patients on contact health. Read the new MMWR report here: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/68/wr/mm6832a2.htm.

I'll be on from 1-3pm (ET, 17-19 UT), AMA!

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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What are the most advanced computers in the world being used for?

Posted: 20 Aug 2019 03:26 AM PDT

How do scientists know how the earth was formed?

Posted: 20 Aug 2019 01:47 AM PDT

Have been educating myself on earth science, and just science in general. :)

submitted by /u/Marziipann
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Is sexual dimorphism (males and females having different sizes/appearances) a trait that arises independently in species or can we trace it back to an origination point on the evolutionary tree?

Posted: 19 Aug 2019 07:37 PM PDT

Large, more muscular males, smaller females. I know there are exceptions, but it seems pretty predominant within a lot of the animal kingdom. Can this sort of similarity all be traced back to a common ancestor?

submitted by /u/DarthToothbrush
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[Biochemistry] How can proteins from different sources have such different effects on the metabolism? Aren't they all mainly aminoacids when they are digested?

Posted: 20 Aug 2019 02:03 AM PDT

I have some background in biology but none in nutrition. Is it that certain proteins have signature peptides that are formed when digested and then they are absorbed by the intestines? Does it have to do with the concentration of different aminoacids in a particular protein? Where do gut bacteria come in? I am thinking about mostly animal proteins shown to cause inflammation in humans and the emergence of the casomorphins in conjunction with dairy digestion.

submitted by /u/HellStaff
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How does 5g provide faster internet speeds than a WiFi router? I.e. how is a wireless connection now faster than a wired one!

Posted: 20 Aug 2019 02:18 AM PDT

Does freezing dead bodies kill any diseases they may have?

Posted: 19 Aug 2019 01:15 PM PDT

I have pet rats. I am getting a pet snake over the weekend and am wondering if its safer to feed frozen mice vs live mice. Feeder mice can be carriers of disease so I want to be as safe as possible.

On a more fun note, if a human body that had been preserved in ice for decades suddenly thawed, could that cause there introduction of (Previously extinct) deadly diseases into society?

submitted by /u/send-cats
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In the ocean, when surrounded by rough water, why are there often patches of flat still water?

Posted: 19 Aug 2019 01:37 PM PDT

Why is the standard nominal voltage of most batteries ~3.6- 4.2V?

Posted: 19 Aug 2019 01:36 PM PDT

It seems that even batteries of different internal chemistry all have the same range of charged voltages when sensitive digital applications are involved (e.g., li-po cells in phones, 18650 batteries in laptops etc.). Where does this standard come from and what is its significance?

submitted by /u/ProtoZone
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when they say things like a nuclear bomb could cause a blackout, what happens to the electricity? how does it work?

Posted: 19 Aug 2019 09:15 AM PDT

In batch-based machine learning, is the update for the RMSprop term calculated within each iteration of each batch, or at the end of each batch using the aggregated weight updates of that batch?

Posted: 19 Aug 2019 10:19 AM PDT

What can you do with a synchrotron that you can’t do with an electron microprobe?

Posted: 19 Aug 2019 09:50 AM PDT

I have done some synchrotron stuff, but never use an electron microscope and am wondering more about it. I am a soil chemist and focus a lot on redox chemistry. Would it be the EXAFS are only with synchrotron but XANES can be done on a microprobe? Is it the fluorescence stuff microprobes can't analyze? Is it a different range in energy levels? Just curious, thanks!

submitted by /u/Pola_Cola3
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How have the effects of the Moon changed as it gets farther away?

Posted: 19 Aug 2019 08:15 AM PDT

The Moon moves away from Earth approximately 1.6 inches per year. Since it is approximately 4.5 billion years old, it has moved 113,636 miles away.

I assume the tidal forces have weakened over time, but have there been any other changes?

submitted by /u/Poctz
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Are there any examples of an invasive species being introduced to an area and that area flourishing?

Posted: 19 Aug 2019 04:12 AM PDT
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Monday, August 19, 2019

What does it mean for an atomic nucleus to have a shape? Can elemental isotopes have different isomers based on their shape?

What does it mean for an atomic nucleus to have a shape? Can elemental isotopes have different isomers based on their shape?

What does it mean for an atomic nucleus to have a shape? Can elemental isotopes have different isomers based on their shape?

Posted: 19 Aug 2019 03:50 AM PDT

I thought that atomic nuclei were defined the same exact way that an electron shell is; that is to say, just as electrons are parts of probability clouds, so are the nucleons. Just as electrons have specific shapes of probability clouds due to the electromagnetic force, nucleons would be bound to each other into a similar probability cloud by the residual strong nuclear force.

However, I only ever see the liquid drop model used, which (presumably erroneously) implies that nucleons are ball-like "molecules" in a "drop" and can jostle around to rearrange themselves in a semi-rigid fashion, which confuses me as to what is the "correct" description of nuclear models, because that would also imply that a whole new can of worms of nucleon arrangement isomers would be opened (such as a Ca-40 nucleus divided into a proton hemisphere and a neutron hemisphere, or a neutron core with a proton shell), which I have not seen mentioned anywhere.

I have seen nuclei described as not necessarily being spherical, but also as prolate, oblate, ellipsoidal, and even banana and pear/mushroom-shaped. What exactly does this mean, and what effect does it have on chemical and nuclear properties and how are they classified in terms of isomerism? Is the liquid drop model correct, or does the strong nuclear force allow for asymmetrical probability clouds? If not, what keeps nucleons ("molecules") in these configurations, i.e. why are the shapes of asymmetrical "drops" stable?

submitted by /u/notacuckreee
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[Biology]Can all animals with livers process alcohol? Do all liver's function the same across species or is there variations on what can be processed and to what degree?

Posted: 19 Aug 2019 05:43 AM PDT

How do the beam splitters in a Michelson interferometer split the light initially and then only allow 1 returning beam to reflect and the other returning beam to travel through?

Posted: 19 Aug 2019 04:28 AM PDT

Im not sure how the beam splitter can act as something transparent and reflective(im not talking about the initial splitting but when the light splits and it returns somehow the 2 split beams paths are altered or not altered through the beam splitter into the detector).

On another note: no light is reflected back towards the laser right?

The setup im looking at is found here: http://wanda.fiu.edu/teaching/courses/Modern_lab_manual/michelson.html

submitted by /u/PocketCharacter
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In glycolysis NAD+ is required, but which other metabolic process provides NAD+ to fuel the glycolysis process?

Posted: 19 Aug 2019 05:15 AM PDT

Why are certain carboxylic acids lipophilic?

Posted: 19 Aug 2019 05:10 AM PDT

So I know salicylic acid is lipophilic- is there a trend among the carboxylic acids? Is there some experiment one can do measuring the rate of dissolution in oil among carboxylic acids or something similair-- any ideas relating carboxylic acids and lipids? Also, if there is a trend, can someone explain it in terms of molecular structure/ functional group? Anyone have any sources about this (preferably at a high-school level readability)? Thanks!!

submitted by /u/ranann123
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What is the common ancestor, if there is one, between spiders (or at least arachnids) and insects?

Posted: 19 Aug 2019 04:13 AM PDT

How do monosaccharide isomers glucose and fructose arise?

Posted: 19 Aug 2019 03:20 AM PDT

How does the same chemical formula arise to those different structures? I know that for galactose and glucose the stereoisomeric difference arises because the pi-bond between carbons can't be rotated, but how does the difference in aldehyde and ketone arise?

Thanks!

submitted by /u/mattwigm
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How do we determine the age of the universe and why couldn't it be more than 13.8 billion?

Posted: 19 Aug 2019 02:36 AM PDT

Why do ships and submarines use sonar to measure the depth, but not laser based measuring?

Posted: 18 Aug 2019 10:28 PM PDT

It is know that sonar waves have a bad influence on whales, and even may be a risk to their health.

There must be a wavelength of light that's usable under water and that doesn't get blocked off by particles in the water.

So, why is the sonar still so common?

EDIT: Pardon my English, but I'm still tired. I hope this text is readable!

submitted by /u/SpotlessBird762
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How is it possible for a smoke ring to wobble back and forward while keeping the same "main" initial velocity ? (video example)

Posted: 19 Aug 2019 01:41 AM PDT

Hi,

So i just watched a video by Physic Girl, and this part blew my mind.

 

Just to clarify my position, i came from a game development background, and the first thing i thought about when i saw this, is how relatively complex it's gonna be to code this behavior (not manually animate it)

 

The easiest way to do it is this :

  • Have an invisible parent object and apply a force to it, now the parent object has a specific direction & speed (velocity).

  • put a bunch of points inside the parent objects, and move them back and forward, in local space, so they stay in the "correct position" relatively to the parent object.

 

What i don't understand is that how this behavior is possible with smokes ? noticed how i highlight "bunch of points" ? because as far as i know, this is what smokes or any sort of "fluid" is, its a collection of so many objects that follows the same "flow", now that flow make sense when its following the same direction.

 

What doesn't make sense (to me), is that when the components of that fluid objects, loops in opposite directions ?

let's just follow one single "element" of the many elements that creates that smoke ring, how is it possible for it to have 3 different velocities during its life cycle without the interference of another extra force ?

 

this element is going forward (yellow line), and at the same time its either going back (red line) or forward (blue line)

 

It's like that element is not "independent", that behavior looks almost "alive" to me, and it kinda acts like a spring.

 

What's going on please ?

 

PS:

here is the full video if anyone is interested

 

Thanks!!

submitted by /u/alaslipknot
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How does a neuron get rid of the Calcium that enters during a chemical synapses?

Posted: 18 Aug 2019 02:43 PM PDT

Why doesn’t the adhesive on a post-it note glob off onto a wall?

Posted: 18 Aug 2019 08:21 PM PDT

It just stays on the paper. How?

submitted by /u/woofwoofwoof
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Do very large buildings’ foundations curve slightly with the Earth?

Posted: 18 Aug 2019 12:09 PM PDT

Mud Daubers paralyse spiders and cram them into their nests. If these spiders were released, would they eventually regain control of their bodies?

Posted: 18 Aug 2019 06:47 PM PDT

I recently bumped into a mud dauber as it was carrying a spider and it dropped it. The spider seems to be dead, but some quick searching online shows that it is only paralysed. Is this permanent? I have found very little information about the venom that these Daubers carry.

submitted by /u/Talkashie
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What causes the force in magnetic/electromagnetic fields?

Posted: 18 Aug 2019 11:57 AM PDT

Hello, I don't understand how it works. Could please help me?

I have several questions about fields in general and magnetic/electromagnetic fields:

  • What "field" is? Is it some kind of math abstraction?
  • Why moving charge makes magnetic field?
  • And why there are forces of attraction for example between magnets. What causes this forces? What transfers the field? Are there some particles?

Thank you!

submitted by /u/slepogin
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Hope this is science, but how do people who determine the authenticity of signatures (for art or maybe official documents) do it?

Posted: 18 Aug 2019 08:21 PM PDT

My signature is rarely the same and over the years I have tried a number of different signature styles. I don't understand how someone would ever be able to verify with any certainty that I had done those signatures and that they weren't just someone trying to copy my signature.

submitted by /u/TheWellFedBeggar
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Can you re-donate an organ that was donated to you?

Posted: 18 Aug 2019 09:39 AM PDT

If you received an organ (e.g. kidney), and you yourself are an organ donor, when you die would that kidney be harvested to give to someone else, living in 3 people total? If not, is it because of an actual medical reason (such as being unsafe or not working properly) or is it just a legal thing?

submitted by /u/SeparateTea
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Why do violet and purple look so alike, if they're so apart?

Posted: 18 Aug 2019 12:06 PM PDT

How do medically induced comas work, and why are they used?

Posted: 18 Aug 2019 02:54 PM PDT

Based on this question, I wanted to ask about medically induced comas. The top answer there indicated that comas happened as a result of some disconnect which prevents the body from waking up, usually as a result of injury. So what is the purpose of an induced coma? Why are they better than say, painkillers or sedatives? How do you put someone into one, how do you know they will come back out, and how do you bring them out when the time comes?

submitted by /u/gjsmo
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Which serotonin subreceptors compete?

Posted: 18 Aug 2019 05:27 PM PDT

I know certain serotonin sub receptors compete with each other. Is there a list of sub recrptors that compete? For example 5-ht1a competes with 5-ht2c at a certain site.

submitted by /u/dietderpsy
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How natural or naturally-occurring are different kinds of cancer? How prevalent were these cancer types in centuries before ours?

Posted: 18 Aug 2019 05:21 PM PDT

I understand that each cancer type is different. Two people may work side by side, eat the same food and one may develop cancer while the second stays healthy. Crap shoot. Other cancers seem almost assumed, like a smoker developing lung cancer or sunbather developing skin cancer. Did all of these cancer types not exist prior to 100/200 years ago or did we not xxxx back then (insert "eat the same food," or "live as long," or "have a sedimentary lifestyle," etc) and this is why I don't recall hearing of Great Great Uncle Mike developing thyroid cancer, because he died a grandfather at the age of 34?

submitted by /u/Strive--
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vào lúc No comments:

Sunday, August 18, 2019

[Neuroscience] Why can't we use adrenaline or some kind of stimulant to wake people out of comas? Is there something physically stopping it, or is it just too dangerous?

[Neuroscience] Why can't we use adrenaline or some kind of stimulant to wake people out of comas? Is there something physically stopping it, or is it just too dangerous?

[Neuroscience] Why can't we use adrenaline or some kind of stimulant to wake people out of comas? Is there something physically stopping it, or is it just too dangerous?

Posted: 18 Aug 2019 06:01 AM PDT

Why are re-uptake inhibitors used instead of the neurotransmitters themselves?

Posted: 18 Aug 2019 06:32 AM PDT

You go to the doctor depressed and they say you have low serotonin levels that's why your depressed. So why not just give the person serotonin instead of a drug that just makes your brain not recycle it so quickly?

submitted by /u/Spunion_Mc_Face
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What is the biological explanation for why we often feel nausea in waves rather than one sustained reaction?

Posted: 17 Aug 2019 07:07 AM PDT

Can earthquakes be induced by humans?

Posted: 18 Aug 2019 05:29 AM PDT

i've been seeing a lot of articles and posts saying that humans may be causing earthquakes by fracking and mining, is this true? and if it is, would there be a solution to this?

submitted by /u/fatherchink
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How do marine animals stay hydrated?

Posted: 17 Aug 2019 05:23 PM PDT

What regulates your core body temperature when you’re in a cold environment vs when you’re in a warm/hot environment?

Posted: 18 Aug 2019 06:32 AM PDT

Is there a limit to the size/complexity of single, non-polymer molecules? If not, why don't we see examples of molecules on millimetre/centimetre scales?

Posted: 17 Aug 2019 10:31 PM PDT

Are there any known examples of moons having natural satellites of their own?

Posted: 17 Aug 2019 06:23 PM PDT

Would think if there were it would be one of Jupiter's moons.

submitted by /u/MetalMedley
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How was the water cycle discovered, and how was it proven/tested?

Posted: 17 Aug 2019 04:25 PM PDT

Are moths and butterflies able to cross breed like tigers and lions?

Posted: 17 Aug 2019 03:32 PM PDT

I know that lions and tigers can make and produce sterile offspring. Do moths and butterflies have that same ability? They seems close enough genetically but what factors would limit them?

submitted by /u/Kattsu-Don
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Does cellular metabolism always lead to acidifying of a medium?

Posted: 18 Aug 2019 02:11 AM PDT

Or are there any circumstances/life forms that are able to alkalinize the extracellular medium? If not, why is that? Some physicochemical constraints? Not energetically favorable?

submitted by /u/umgrandepino
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What exactly makes milk randomly go bad around the expiration date? Does some protein break down?

Posted: 17 Aug 2019 08:47 AM PDT

What happens when lightning strikes a swimming pool?

Posted: 17 Aug 2019 05:55 AM PDT

I've always wondered what happens when a lightning strikes an olympic sized swimming pool. Like lightning is an electrostatic discharge and it should generate a lot of heat. Will it cause the pool water to evaporate completely?

submitted by /u/esxyz123
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How is it, that evergreen trees are able to stay green all year?

Posted: 17 Aug 2019 05:10 AM PDT
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