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Sunday, June 17, 2018

In the winter when frogs are frozen, are they conscious or asleep?

In the winter when frogs are frozen, are they conscious or asleep?


In the winter when frogs are frozen, are they conscious or asleep?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 08:04 PM PDT

Do they see and feel when they're frozen, or do they simply fall asleep?

submitted by /u/Sy3Fy3
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Do firefighters have to tackle electric car fires differently?

Posted: 17 Jun 2018 06:03 AM PDT

Compared to petrol or diesel car fires. I can think of several potential hazards with an electric car fire - electrocution, hazardous chemicals released from the batteries, reactions between battery chemicals and water, lithium battery explosions. On the other hand an all-electric car doesn't have flammable liquid fuel.

But do the different hazards actually affect firefighting practice, or do firefighters have a generic approach anyway?

submitted by /u/cantab314
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What metrics make a peninsula a peninsula?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 09:39 AM PDT

Why is the Labrador Peninsula a peninsula and Alaska isn't? Is there some threshold ratio of shore to mainland?

submitted by /u/lathan1
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How does the deep sea maintain life?

Posted: 17 Jun 2018 02:50 AM PDT

Sun light is the main source of power for life but deep in the ocean is pitch black so, how does it sustain life without a high energy source like the sun flowing into the system

submitted by /u/Senrien
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What math function do they use to produce "out of focus" image blurr effect?

Posted: 17 Jun 2018 07:12 AM PDT

I am doing some hobby calculations about what exactly happens to the light intensity of screen when the image is out of focus.

Then it struck me, how do they produce the effect in real life softwares? I'm curious.

My results were mostly about finding the area of intersection with some circles. (Assuming aperture is shaped like a circle)

Do they use similar methods?? Or do they use just some arbitrary ramp?

submitted by /u/dmdbqn
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How long can bacteria survive on everyday household items without nutrients and water?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 03:53 PM PDT

What causes the electric activity in the brain?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 02:11 PM PDT

Does it start with chemical reactions? Something to do with ions? What actually causes the signals to occur?

submitted by /u/NogodsaMan
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Do fish know how deep underwater they are?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 12:48 PM PDT

Does sea life have a way to sense pressure?

Could fish who live close to the surface survive much deeper? How about the opposite?

Can they sense how fast they're diving/climbing?

submitted by /u/wearsAtrenchcoat
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How big of a deal is the time dilation due to Earth? When we colonize elsewhere, will time travel differently on the colonies?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 07:20 PM PDT

Kind of a layman here, but from what I understand, the heavier something is, the more it displaces time. I've read about a few experiments where a clock in a tower goes somewhat faster than one on the ground.

So it makes me wonder, if we colonize something extremely tiny with very little gravity, like an asteroid with 5% of Earth's gravity, won't time travel faster there than on Earth? If we are communicating by, say, lasers, will the difference in frequencies of transmission and reception be important? What about a colony ship traveling sublight speeds to a nearby planet?

I guess what I'm asking most succinctly is: in the context of space travel/colonization, what are the practical ramifications of time dilation?

submitted by /u/oorza
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If you charge your phone, or laptop, or anything, does it weight more than if it is dead?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 01:20 PM PDT

can there be multiple pairs of electron orbits with the same energy difference?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 09:14 PM PDT

is it possible to have 2 sets of orbits (a,b and c,d) or more which have the same energy difference? If yes, if a photon with energy as said energy difference is introduced, which electron would be excited? could we experimentally verify this ?

submitted by /u/excitedpositron
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How does a sonic boom work?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 12:36 PM PDT

I was asked this question by a child (11y) and didn't have a fitting answer. Thanks in advance!

submitted by /u/TotalThanks
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Why do planets spin?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 01:50 PM PDT

Is it the force of external objects that hit it in the early stages of its life? Or it holds the rotation of the first block of materials that formed it? Other question: do we know of a planet that rotates so slowly that an asteroid hit is enough to change its direction of rotation?

EDIT: "does a planet exist that rotates so slowly that an asteroid hit is enough to change its direction of rotation?" Is not exactly what I meant. I know that it would be quite improbable due to the mass of the planet but I wanted to know if we have some observational evidence of it.

submitted by /u/lollorava
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Why do metals glow a bright red when heated?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 11:01 AM PDT

How do our stomachs make noise/rumble?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 01:37 PM PDT

Is a combustion engine more or less efficient when in a cold environment?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 09:28 AM PDT

In other words, will a cars engine be more fuel efficient when running in a cold or hot environment?

submitted by /u/A_Dozen_Aardvarks
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What is it about vines that allows them to creep? Is it a structural thing?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 03:16 PM PDT

I notice that they grow out and at the tip (of grape vines anyway) there are little... fingers almost with hooks at the end that wrap around whatever they encounter. When something close to them is above them, they appear to "reach" for it by curving upward. I'll post a pic. How do they know to go up, and how does their physical makeup allow it?

submitted by /u/NiuStart
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How are mesas formed?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 03:50 PM PDT

So I feel like I learned once when I was younger and it should be fairly simple. Most people just say "oh water and wind erosion" or "the land used to be underwater" and ya, I get that. But that doesn't exactly account for why they are SO flat on top and have such sheer drop offs at the ends.

submitted by /u/devonimo
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How do laser printers print color?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 12:16 PM PDT

If everything is made up of particles, how is it that we have solid objects such as chairs and walls? What made them into the shape/thing they are? How do they stay together?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 02:21 PM PDT

What is unified field theory?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 07:13 AM PDT

Something I've seen mentioned a few times now and was wondering if anyone could explain in basic terms. Thanks in advance.

submitted by /u/The_Mad_Monocle
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Are babies born with a gut flora, or is that something that develops after they are born?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 07:33 AM PDT

What would happen if one takes a vaccination when they had already been vaccinated previously?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 10:27 AM PDT

Theoretically, if one was given the polio vaccination, for example, as a child, then in adulthood they took the vaccination again, would they get sick, or would nothing happen? Is it dependent on the vaccine? I know you can/have to get repeatedly vaccinated for something like the flu, because it changes every other year, but what if it is something like Varicella?

submitted by /u/kfkthrwy
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Saturday, June 16, 2018

If I wanted to set Titan on fire, what would I have to do and what would the end result be like?

If I wanted to set Titan on fire, what would I have to do and what would the end result be like?


If I wanted to set Titan on fire, what would I have to do and what would the end result be like?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 07:16 PM PDT

Obviously you can't just light a match, you'd have to bring in a lot of oxygen before you could get the methane to combust. How much would I need?

Given that the atmosphere is 98.4% nitrogen, would it even be possible to do, even with the addition of a massive amount of oxygen?

What would the effects be, and what would be left afterward?

Silly question, but I'm curious.

submitted by /u/7LeagueBoots
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How long does it take for nuclear waste to cool?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 12:02 AM PDT

On the internet I find answers varying from 5, 10 to even 30 years or longer concerning cooling "exhausted" nuclear fuels and waste. How is this calculated or estimated?

When reading about the Elephant's foot (Chernobyl disaster) I read from several sources that the radioactive mass still releases heat and (obviously) high radioactivity. How can it be that something that happened more than 30 years ago still releases such high temperatures? Is heat always present with radioactive material?

submitted by /u/pukkj
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Does the Strong force have an equivalent Schwarzschild radius?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 04:52 AM PDT

I'm not sure how to properly ask this but upon reading about strong force I've made some parallels with gravity and how it creates a black hole. Is the strong force by any chance involved for fission or fusion?

submitted by /u/SuspiciousSugar
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How are large buildings containing asbestos demolished?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 02:02 PM PDT

How can water puddles evaporate?

Posted: 16 Jun 2018 06:23 AM PDT

You're probably thinking that I'm pretty stupid right now but oh well. How does the water in something like a puddle (e.g. from rain) evaporate? The boiling point of water is 100°C and obviously it's not 100° outside so how does it work?

submitted by /u/IOwnThisAccount
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How are single CPU dies sectioned off into multiple "cores"?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 10:49 PM PDT

Like AMD uses multiple dies and ties them together with the infinity fabric, but Intel uses one singular die. How? What defines a processor as having multiple "cores" anyways (multiple FPUs, schedulers, what?)? I guess a better place to start is what makes up a single core CPU?

submitted by /u/TheDukeOfIdiots
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Does space heater efficiency increase with heater element size?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 03:46 PM PDT

Hi everyone, I have a question about heating.

I'm having a bit of a standoff with the father in law about space heaters and their element size.

Let's say, you have 2 space heaters both rated at 1500W and one has an element of 100x100mm and the other has an element of 500x500mm.

I theorised that all electric heaters are the same efficiency, nearly all the power is transferred into heat (apart from some power to run the fan) regardless of element size and thus will heat the room in the same timeframe.

His theory is that a larger element will put out more radiant heat and thus heat a room quicker for the same power, therefore claiming it to be more efficient than a smaller element size.

What is your opinion on this?

submitted by /u/daantjuh44
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How "tall" is the Milky Way?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 07:51 AM PDT

I've read that it's 100,000+ light years across the "disk" of the Milky Way from edge to edge, but how "tall" or "thick" is it?

Are all the stars and planets/solar systems lined up, like our solar system, or Saturn's rings on an essentially flat plane? Or do stars and systems "stack" up on top of each other "vertically"?

How much can they "stack" and what limits/causes this? Is there a minimum and/or maximum "thickness" for galaxies?

I hope this made sense, I'm genuinely curious

submitted by /u/postman475
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At what rate do proton collisions occur/get detected at LHC?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 03:53 PM PDT

When its running at 100%?

One a month? A day? A thousand an hour? Is there much of a difference between those that are created and those that are detected? (could they ever know?)

submitted by /u/Traffodil
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Why are race tires so wide?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 12:28 PM PDT

I have recently learned that the frictional force is independent of the surface area. But race cars always have very wide tires why?

submitted by /u/The_only_ralph
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A photon is the smallest unit of the electromagnetic field and can't be divided, however, the energy of that photon can be arbitrarily small. So then what classifies a photon?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 08:18 AM PDT

Does that just mean a photon is a ripple in the electromagnetic field and can be any size? But you cant half a ripple?

Also in regards to the distinction between fermions and bosons and their stack-ability; Would two electrons next to each other be analogous to two ripples that 'bounce' off each other and photons be like to two ripples that construct if they are on top of one another?

submitted by /u/tip-top-honky-konk
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Friday, June 15, 2018

AskScience AMA Series: I'm Dr. Kathryn Bywaters and I am an astrobiologist at SETI working on developing new ways to look for life! Ask me anything!

AskScience AMA Series: I'm Dr. Kathryn Bywaters and I am an astrobiologist at SETI working on developing new ways to look for life! Ask me anything!


AskScience AMA Series: I'm Dr. Kathryn Bywaters and I am an astrobiologist at SETI working on developing new ways to look for life! Ask me anything!

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 04:00 AM PDT

To search for life beyond Earth, we first have to decide on several key factors, such as where we should look? An ideal place to look might be the icy moons around Saturn and Jupiter with their liquid oceans. However, once we decide where to look for life we then need to determine what we will look for and how we will look for it? If there is life in this solar system, other than on Earth, it seems most likely that it will be in the form of microbes. But what if it doesn't look like life on Earth-how will we know when we find it? As a SETI researcher, working on life detection projects, these are the types of questions I ask.

I'll be on at 10 am (PT, 1 PM ET, 18 UT) to answer your questions, ask me anything!

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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Why do some storms on Mars cover the whole planet when storms on Earth are smaller and more localized in comparison?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 05:00 AM PDT

Are black holes three dimensional?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 10:38 AM PDT

Most of the time I feel like when people think of black holes, they [I] think of them as just an "opening" in space. But are they accessible from all sides? Are they just a sphere of intense gravity? Do we have any evidence at all of what the inside is like besides spaghettification?

submitted by /u/greengasser
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Is toffee a non-Newtonian solid?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 03:07 AM PDT

It snaps when you bite it and mooshes and squishes when you chew it....... not really a solid or liquid, what kind of matter is toffee why is it so weird?

submitted by /u/marsstroller
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Does cucumber, rye, peas, barley, and aloe vera all having 14 chromosomes mean they can breed?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 04:52 AM PDT

Why do Earth’s plates move?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 04:40 AM PDT

And does the weight of ocean water have any affect at all?

I understand how plates move, but does anyone know what affects movement? Ex. the affects of ocean water weight might have on plate tectonics?

And does the weight of ocean water have any affect at all?

I understand how plates move, but does anyone know what affects movement? Ex. the affects of ocean water weight might have on plates?

The volcano in Hawaii got me thinking about this in a roundabout way. The volcano in Hawaii got me thinking about this in a roundabout way.

submitted by /u/KevinSorbone
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Is there a scientific reason why I can remember the words from pop songs I knew 20 years ago, but it’s difficult to remember new facts?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 06:10 PM PDT

Does the expansion of space also increase the distance between an atom's nucleus and its electron cloud?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 10:01 PM PDT

How does the brain differentiate between languages in a bilingual speaker?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 08:49 AM PDT

I grew up speaking English and Spanish. I just knew which words to use depending on who I was speaking to, even with strangers.

How did I know this? How do I separate the English from the Spanish? It seems like it was an inherent trait, but did I learn this or does the brain differentiate between the two languages somehow? Why don't I accidentally slip in English words to my Spanish conversations, or vice versa?

submitted by /u/infinitum3d
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What chemical or substance is used for the placebo in clinical trials?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 03:01 AM PDT

Whenever I read a paper on a clinical trial or medical experiment, the literature always mentions placebos being used for the control group, but never says what the patients in the control group are actually given for a placebo.

So what chemical or substance is actually used for a placebo in medical and clinical trials?

submitted by /u/Justgoahead123
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Why does the difference between HOMO and LUMO diminish in conjugated systems?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 01:26 AM PDT

Between HOMO and LUMO energy

submitted by /u/Kteinon
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Can being stressed offer any beneficial applications?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 05:18 PM PDT

So this may be strange to ask but let me explain. I have never been one to stress out on obstacles I face in life. This would seem fantastic but I have notice a critical flaw in it. My motivation for school work, self improvement, pursing relationships, and challenging life dilemmas, all seem to fly over my head. To put it as simple as I can. I don't care about much and I often wonder if I could stress out these subjects, I would in theory be more pressured hence (motivated) to try my best to provide relief from the stress. I'd just like to know is being stressed in some cases actually beneficial and how can I induce a sense of urgency to motivate myself to accomplish more things?

submitted by /u/LsgtSpepperD
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How are underground cables routed? (After covering up)

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 06:18 PM PDT

Are there underground tunnels and robots that route cables underground? How are new cables routed after covering up?

submitted by /u/lazoyausuxx
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Do smaller glaciers melt faster?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 07:09 PM PDT

My grandfather and I are debating on whether small glaciers melt faster or slower. I'm saying slower because there is less surface area for the sun to melt the glacier, but my grandfather says the sun heats the surrounding surfaces and those surfaces store the heat thus melting it faster, and if it wasn't covering that surface it wouldn't have melted as fast.

submitted by /u/Durml
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Why is condensation formed above the wings of an airplane?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 11:45 AM PDT

Why does condensation form in the low pressure air above the wings of an airplane when low pressure generally causes evaporation?

submitted by /u/Dnak_Mems
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How does a spider know how to make a web?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 09:30 AM PDT

Adult spiders don't teach their offspring how to make a web, so how does a new spider know how to make a web? Especially the spiders that make larger webs across relatively large distances. How do they know what to do?

submitted by /u/GeneralPsycho5
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What is inside of an insect's exoskeleton? [biology]

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 10:06 AM PDT

What I am actually wondering is do insects have meat? If not, what is inside their shell, and what happens if it is cooked?

submitted by /u/badrabbitman
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Can someone describe the nuclear shell model?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 07:37 AM PDT

I stubmled upon this wiki page and found it fascinating.

I remember learning in school about the atomic shell model and how electrons occupied shells at different energy levels.

Is this analogous to the electron shell model but with respect to atomic nucleons?

Do nucleons have orbitals or energy levels they can transition into and out of, and what application might this have (such as electron energy level transitions usually produce spectral lines and can identify elements)?

submitted by /u/ngong0
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Why are speakers in concerts aligned in a vertical array?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 06:35 AM PDT

How is this the best setup for sound distribution? What is the physics behind it?

submitted by /u/Develter
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What is "E8" in physics in simple terms?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 08:44 AM PDT

Why does our brain perceive the color olive as a shade of green, and not yellow?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 06:14 AM PDT

For instance, the CMYK combination 0,0,100,30 is solely yellow and black, but to me at least (as well as according to Wikipedia) it's considered a category of both yellow and green in spite of having no blue whatsoever.

submitted by /u/19djafoij02
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