AskScience AMA Series: I'm Dr. Kathryn Bywaters and I am an astrobiologist at SETI working on developing new ways to look for life! Ask me anything! | AskScience Blog

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Friday, June 15, 2018

AskScience AMA Series: I'm Dr. Kathryn Bywaters and I am an astrobiologist at SETI working on developing new ways to look for life! Ask me anything!

AskScience AMA Series: I'm Dr. Kathryn Bywaters and I am an astrobiologist at SETI working on developing new ways to look for life! Ask me anything!


AskScience AMA Series: I'm Dr. Kathryn Bywaters and I am an astrobiologist at SETI working on developing new ways to look for life! Ask me anything!

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 04:00 AM PDT

To search for life beyond Earth, we first have to decide on several key factors, such as where we should look? An ideal place to look might be the icy moons around Saturn and Jupiter with their liquid oceans. However, once we decide where to look for life we then need to determine what we will look for and how we will look for it? If there is life in this solar system, other than on Earth, it seems most likely that it will be in the form of microbes. But what if it doesn't look like life on Earth-how will we know when we find it? As a SETI researcher, working on life detection projects, these are the types of questions I ask.

I'll be on at 10 am (PT, 1 PM ET, 18 UT) to answer your questions, ask me anything!

submitted by /u/AskScienceModerator
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Why do some storms on Mars cover the whole planet when storms on Earth are smaller and more localized in comparison?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 05:00 AM PDT

Are black holes three dimensional?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 10:38 AM PDT

Most of the time I feel like when people think of black holes, they [I] think of them as just an "opening" in space. But are they accessible from all sides? Are they just a sphere of intense gravity? Do we have any evidence at all of what the inside is like besides spaghettification?

submitted by /u/greengasser
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Is toffee a non-Newtonian solid?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 03:07 AM PDT

It snaps when you bite it and mooshes and squishes when you chew it....... not really a solid or liquid, what kind of matter is toffee why is it so weird?

submitted by /u/marsstroller
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Does cucumber, rye, peas, barley, and aloe vera all having 14 chromosomes mean they can breed?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 04:52 AM PDT

Why do Earth’s plates move?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 04:40 AM PDT

And does the weight of ocean water have any affect at all?

I understand how plates move, but does anyone know what affects movement? Ex. the affects of ocean water weight might have on plate tectonics?

And does the weight of ocean water have any affect at all?

I understand how plates move, but does anyone know what affects movement? Ex. the affects of ocean water weight might have on plates?

The volcano in Hawaii got me thinking about this in a roundabout way. The volcano in Hawaii got me thinking about this in a roundabout way.

submitted by /u/KevinSorbone
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Is there a scientific reason why I can remember the words from pop songs I knew 20 years ago, but it’s difficult to remember new facts?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 06:10 PM PDT

Does the expansion of space also increase the distance between an atom's nucleus and its electron cloud?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 10:01 PM PDT

How does the brain differentiate between languages in a bilingual speaker?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 08:49 AM PDT

I grew up speaking English and Spanish. I just knew which words to use depending on who I was speaking to, even with strangers.

How did I know this? How do I separate the English from the Spanish? It seems like it was an inherent trait, but did I learn this or does the brain differentiate between the two languages somehow? Why don't I accidentally slip in English words to my Spanish conversations, or vice versa?

submitted by /u/infinitum3d
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What chemical or substance is used for the placebo in clinical trials?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 03:01 AM PDT

Whenever I read a paper on a clinical trial or medical experiment, the literature always mentions placebos being used for the control group, but never says what the patients in the control group are actually given for a placebo.

So what chemical or substance is actually used for a placebo in medical and clinical trials?

submitted by /u/Justgoahead123
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Why does the difference between HOMO and LUMO diminish in conjugated systems?

Posted: 15 Jun 2018 01:26 AM PDT

Between HOMO and LUMO energy

submitted by /u/Kteinon
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Can being stressed offer any beneficial applications?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 05:18 PM PDT

So this may be strange to ask but let me explain. I have never been one to stress out on obstacles I face in life. This would seem fantastic but I have notice a critical flaw in it. My motivation for school work, self improvement, pursing relationships, and challenging life dilemmas, all seem to fly over my head. To put it as simple as I can. I don't care about much and I often wonder if I could stress out these subjects, I would in theory be more pressured hence (motivated) to try my best to provide relief from the stress. I'd just like to know is being stressed in some cases actually beneficial and how can I induce a sense of urgency to motivate myself to accomplish more things?

submitted by /u/LsgtSpepperD
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How are underground cables routed? (After covering up)

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 06:18 PM PDT

Are there underground tunnels and robots that route cables underground? How are new cables routed after covering up?

submitted by /u/lazoyausuxx
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Do smaller glaciers melt faster?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 07:09 PM PDT

My grandfather and I are debating on whether small glaciers melt faster or slower. I'm saying slower because there is less surface area for the sun to melt the glacier, but my grandfather says the sun heats the surrounding surfaces and those surfaces store the heat thus melting it faster, and if it wasn't covering that surface it wouldn't have melted as fast.

submitted by /u/Durml
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Why is condensation formed above the wings of an airplane?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 11:45 AM PDT

Why does condensation form in the low pressure air above the wings of an airplane when low pressure generally causes evaporation?

submitted by /u/Dnak_Mems
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How does a spider know how to make a web?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 09:30 AM PDT

Adult spiders don't teach their offspring how to make a web, so how does a new spider know how to make a web? Especially the spiders that make larger webs across relatively large distances. How do they know what to do?

submitted by /u/GeneralPsycho5
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What is inside of an insect's exoskeleton? [biology]

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 10:06 AM PDT

What I am actually wondering is do insects have meat? If not, what is inside their shell, and what happens if it is cooked?

submitted by /u/badrabbitman
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Can someone describe the nuclear shell model?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 07:37 AM PDT

I stubmled upon this wiki page and found it fascinating.

I remember learning in school about the atomic shell model and how electrons occupied shells at different energy levels.

Is this analogous to the electron shell model but with respect to atomic nucleons?

Do nucleons have orbitals or energy levels they can transition into and out of, and what application might this have (such as electron energy level transitions usually produce spectral lines and can identify elements)?

submitted by /u/ngong0
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Why are speakers in concerts aligned in a vertical array?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 06:35 AM PDT

How is this the best setup for sound distribution? What is the physics behind it?

submitted by /u/Develter
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What is "E8" in physics in simple terms?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 08:44 AM PDT

Why does our brain perceive the color olive as a shade of green, and not yellow?

Posted: 14 Jun 2018 06:14 AM PDT

For instance, the CMYK combination 0,0,100,30 is solely yellow and black, but to me at least (as well as according to Wikipedia) it's considered a category of both yellow and green in spite of having no blue whatsoever.

submitted by /u/19djafoij02
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