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Saturday, March 3, 2018

Is it possible to have 2 planets orbiting a sun in the goldilock zone?

Is it possible to have 2 planets orbiting a sun in the goldilock zone?


Is it possible to have 2 planets orbiting a sun in the goldilock zone?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 03:17 PM PST

Sorry if there is any grammar issues.

submitted by /u/Pehmizz
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Why and how can flashing lights trigger epilepsy seisures? What happens in the brain?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 05:23 AM PST

If heavier elements 'sink' towards the core of a star, why does fusion still occur there?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 04:05 AM PST

Wouldn't the Hydrogen and Helium primarily used for fusion be in the outer layers, with the inner layers being mostly unfusionable elements?

submitted by /u/KSoThisOneTime
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How much heat would be retained from the change in albedo if the arctic sea ice was lost, compared to what is retained from the enhanced greenhouse effect?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 04:08 AM PST

How powerful is ice-albedo feedback?

Does this tip us into a warmer world even if we bring CO₂ concentrations back to 350ppm(v)?

Or is the warming from the total loss of the northern summer sea ice relatively small compared to direct (meaning before feedbacks) anthropogenic greenhouse warming?

submitted by /u/ActuallyNot
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Why do scientists specifically look for water and oxygen rich planets when finding extraterrestrial life?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 07:04 AM PST

Wouldn't microorganisms be able to evolve to use the resources available on the planet? For instance, a carbon rich planet could potentially have life forms that uses the carbon as their "oxygen".

submitted by /u/fafaqweqwe
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Why does breath start to smell bad when people are hungry?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 10:11 AM PST

Is it because the oral bacterial waste is building up or does it have something to do with the emptiness of the stomach? Why does eating make the bad smell go away?

submitted by /u/chocolatem00se
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How do reflex sights have a reticle that focus on the target without taking into account the distance to the target?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 05:14 AM PST

Let's say that my field of view through the sight is about average. Now if I focus through my reflex sight with a 0.00000005 degree parallax angle to the axis of the barrel - then it may be possible for the target to be so far that it does not even come into my field of view - but the reticle will appear in the FOV nonetheless. Where the reticle exactly is should depend on the z-axis to the target, shouldn't it?

submitted by /u/JohnStuartMiller
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Could we start using older antibiotics again?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 10:17 PM PST

The way some resistance works is by actively producing proteins, that's a disadvantage if the antibiotics aren't used.

Will the mutation die out eventually, and how many antibiotics could this happen to?

submitted by /u/Spartan-417
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Does the vast quantity of salt spread onto roads to prevent freezing have a negative effect on the local environment?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 09:17 AM PST

Currently experiencing an unusually intense cold snap in the UK and local gritters are out spreading in force. But when the ice melts and the salt dissolves, won't this leave a lot of salt water flowing into the ground etc?

submitted by /u/Hyfrith
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Are there any materials that are plasma at room temperature?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 02:39 PM PST

If different materials, can have different melting or boiling points, that's should apply to plasma too, right?

submitted by /u/SevenBall
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Why doesn't ethanol from alcohol drunk react with the triglycerides in our blood?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 05:53 PM PST

My understanding of biodiesel production is that triglycerides in vegetable oils or animal fats undergo transesterification when methanol or ethanol is added. If that's the case, then why doesn't ethanol from the alcohol that humans drink react in our bloodstream to form biodiesel?

Is there simply not enough material? Or is it occurring on such a small scale that it is negligible? Or is my understanding just wrong?

submitted by /u/Goose1357
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Asteroids with caves in them is practically a staple of science fiction. Do asteroids actually have caves in/through them? What are the mechanisms that cause them to form if so?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 04:41 PM PST

Why aren’t galaxies spherical?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 02:11 PM PST

I was following with much interest the news about S2 and its potential to provide more evidence (or potentially disprove) Einstein's Theory of General Relativity, and I got onto a tangent and ended up wondering, if every galaxy has a black hole in the middle, why do most galaxies (at least the conceptual images of galaxies) look like discs and not like spheres? A followup question would be why don't any of the planets follow an orbit pattern perpendicular to the rest of the "normal" orbits. This is my first post, so sorry for any violated rules!

submitted by /u/SwaggerTea
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Why don’t we just invent a telescope that can see other stars more clearly??

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 07:05 AM PST

If painkillers like ibuprofen lower inflammation in the body, doesn't that mean it weakens the body's immune response?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 05:49 PM PST

Something I've occasionally wondered about but I can't find clear information about. Wouldn't it be a bad thing to take ibuprofen or paracetamol for a throat ache or other discomforts like fever which you know are probably caused by, for example, a viral infection such as flu, as inflammation is how the body clears a virus? Or is there a lot more to it than this?

submitted by /u/LeVictoire
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Do certain languages have unique speech impediments?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 10:55 AM PST

There are certain ones, like stuttering, that seem universal. Are there any that only apply to one language or a select group of languages?

submitted by /u/RickStevensAndTheCat
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Is it possible there is another planet in the same orbit as us locked behind the sun always?

Posted: 03 Mar 2018 12:42 AM PST

Would we be able to tell it existed? I'm imaging we find out there's always been another populated earth behind the sun.

submitted by /u/dantheman252
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How does a calculator calculate a number with a fraction exponent? For example, 25^(3/2)

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 12:37 PM PST

what is reflection on a microscopic level?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 02:19 PM PST

can someone familiar with quantum optics explain to me what happens when a photon hits a surface an bounces back? what causes the photon to bounce back? why does it bounce off that surface at the same angle as it hits the surface?

submitted by /u/PopularPlanet
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Does reading before bed affect mood the following day based on the themes explored?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 08:41 AM PST

I've recently started reading a chapter or two of a book every night before bed. However, I'm worried about the effects of the subject matter on my mood the following day. I've heard that the brain retains information that it receives right before sleep so I'm curious if reading something sad will cause me to be less happy in the morning.

The same goes for reading news articles or watching videos before sleep. Will the subject matter and/or themes cause a change in my emotional state?

submitted by /u/etzali18
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How do we know how a reaction takes place?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 07:37 PM PST

http://nsb.wdfiles.com/local--files/c-9-5-5-1/Screen%20Shot%202011-10-09%20at%2011.29.23%20PM.png

Why does the right side carbon of the fat molecule attach to OH instead of the Na?

In this reaction, how do we know the above is true, instead of the following image? https://imgur.com/a/aMidY

In the second image, I just took the sodium from NaOH and attached it the the right side carbon group of the fat molecule. Then the OH is attached to the O in the fat molecule.

The octect rule is still satisfied. How do we know which reaction is supposed to take place if both images satisfy the rules? How do we come up with an explanation as to why one reaction occurs and the other doesn't?

submitted by /u/yosimba2000
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Friday, March 2, 2018

When experiencing Sleep Paralysis some people feel like they can't move while others instead are met with a feeling of deep fear. What is the cause of that?

When experiencing Sleep Paralysis some people feel like they can't move while others instead are met with a feeling of deep fear. What is the cause of that?


When experiencing Sleep Paralysis some people feel like they can't move while others instead are met with a feeling of deep fear. What is the cause of that?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 01:51 AM PST

I've known people with sleep paralysis where they dreamed they couldn't move and panicked in their sleep, and others who instead felt they were too afraid to move while dreaming.

Are those two distinct versions of Sleep Paralysis or one and the same? And what causes the intense crippling fear? I'm talking about fear to move before even attempting to do so.

submitted by /u/JesusDeSaad
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If the fusion reactions in stars don't go beyond Iron, how did the heavier elements come into being? And moreover, how did they end up on earth?

Posted: 01 Mar 2018 10:08 AM PST

I know the stellar death occurs when the fusion reactions stop owing to high binding energy per nucleon ratio of Iron and it not being favorable anymore to occur fusion. Then how come Uranium and other elements exist? I'm assuming everything came into being from Hydrogen which came into being after the Big bang.

Thank you everyone! I'm gonna go through the links in a bit. Thank you for the amazing answers!! :D

You guys are awesome!

submitted by /u/pr_notsmart
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What are the differences in brain function between someone in a coma and a person who is just sleeping?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 05:36 AM PST

Other than the obvious "sleeping people wake up" are there any differences in brain signals or waves in a coma patient as opposed to me when I'm asleep? (Extra props for explaining someone's brain function while they're knocked out (like from a fight))

submitted by /u/Zebrathezebra
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If bleach kills 99.9% of germs, what kind of spooky stuff is surviving in bleach?

Posted: 01 Mar 2018 04:54 PM PST

If you where to place a Newton's cradle in a vacuum would it go on forever? Or would gravity still slow it down?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 05:43 AM PST

Is there any material that absorbs all sound waves like vantablack does for light?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 02:18 AM PST

Are soundproofing materials even able to be as effective as vantablack? I know that sound deadening foams and stuff exists but from what I've had experience with they only muffle it at best.

submitted by /u/kewlio250
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Why do the planets seem to be semi-limited to one plane? Why do some planets not orbit “upwards” around the sun?

Posted: 01 Mar 2018 06:45 PM PST

Is the energy of an EM pulse conserved in an expanding universe?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 06:14 AM PST

Lets say I create an EM pulse with a specific total energy (and therefore also a specific number of photons at a specific wavelength) and let it propagate for billions of years through a vacuum. If I were then to measure the total energy of my pulse, would it be the same?

submitted by /u/cantfindanamethatisn
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How do astronomers pick up signals from the early universe?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 02:02 AM PST

I understand they travel at the speed of light and are from far away, hence they are from billions of years ago , but if matter expands at less of the speed of light then shouldn't those signals have gone past us long ago ?

submitted by /u/fuckedbymath
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If a nuclear bomb would go off in mid air, what shape would the "mushroom" be ?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 05:12 AM PST

I guess the mushroom shape everyone knows is also caused by the fact that the explosion occurs at ground level (or close below). If there is no restriction in any direction, what shape would the cloud have? Would there be two mushrooms? Would it be a sphere? If this is to... childish, please point me to the correct subreddit.

submitted by /u/i_i_v_o
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What happens to the Pacific Islands if the ice caps continue to melt? Will they be swallowed by the sea?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 07:06 AM PST

I just recently found out through a DNA test that my father's family is from Guam. I had a dream last night that I was there and the ocean swallowed the island.... which got me thinking...

submitted by /u/jalexan4
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Why does northern Canada look so strange on Google Maps?

Posted: 01 Mar 2018 06:35 PM PST

This is what I'm referring to. A lot of northern Canada appears to have this same texture on Google Maps. Why does it look like that? What does that kind of geography look like up-close/in-person?

submitted by /u/heavyLobster
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What Makes Someone Have A Better Memory Than Somebody Else?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 02:09 AM PST

How does a flashbang grenade produce the “flash” effect?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 07:20 AM PST

The does the piece of ice that's dropped down a bore hole make the strange sound towards the end?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 07:08 AM PST

Why is Newtonian mechanics the most widely taught version of classical mechanics in the school room?

Posted: 02 Mar 2018 06:33 AM PST

I recently discovered there are various forms of mechanics that basically get to the same conclusions using different notations and operations. Newtonian, Hamiltonian, legrangian, routhian, Euler, etc. My understanding may be incorrect, but from my research it seems all of the smartest scientists and mathematicians in the old days basically came up with the same thing, only Newton typically gets the credit.

Why is Newtonian the version most taught in schools, and why do the other not even appear in basic physics textbooks?

submitted by /u/jumpmanjump25
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How do warm blooded animals maintain a stable internal temperature?

Posted: 01 Mar 2018 04:39 PM PST

I know that humans maintain a universal body temperature (like 98 F), is this the same for all warmblooded animals? Or do other animals have a wider range? Also how is this heat generated, especially for humans because if 98 degrees Fahrenheit is our internal temperature, why is 75 F considered comfortable? Why is 98 F not considered comfortable? (sorry if this seems sporadic, my mind has trouble focusing)

submitted by /u/The_Real_Ernie
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What is the difference between Inertial Confinement Fusion and Magnetic Confinement Fusion? Which one is preferable?

Posted: 01 Mar 2018 04:51 PM PST

Why is time measured with vibrations of the cesium atom?

Posted: 01 Mar 2018 07:24 PM PST

from Wikipedia:

SI unit of time = "The duration of 9192631770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the cesium 133 atom."

What does the "hyperfine level of ground state" mean? Why is it relevant?

submitted by /u/Stadius1
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Is the decreasing magnitude of the South Atlantic Anomaly magnetic field related to the upcoming core pole switch?

Posted: 01 Mar 2018 11:35 AM PST

The Southern Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) describes an area around South America where the geometry of the Van Allen belt leads to a significantly higher area of background radiation. According to some graphs of the field strength, the Van Allen effect appears to be decreasing in a nearly linear fashion over time at a rate of about 0.25 µT/decade (2.5 mGauss/decade). I was wondering if it could be related to the flux within Earth's core, since it is expected to flip poles "soon" (on a geological timescale). This article discusses the changes and suggests that the loss in intensity is related to the increasing area of the field, not of the strength itself.

I had never heard of the SAA until recently and was intrigued.

submitted by /u/Tetrazene
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What determines the length of a species’ average life span?

Posted: 01 Mar 2018 05:40 PM PST

Has science determined what determines the average life span of a species? For example, why do tortoises live 100+ years and dogs live only 10-15 years?

submitted by /u/kmckenzie256
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Thursday, March 1, 2018

Is the Japanese surgical/dust mask trend actually helping lower the % of people getting sick over there?

Is the Japanese surgical/dust mask trend actually helping lower the % of people getting sick over there?


Is the Japanese surgical/dust mask trend actually helping lower the % of people getting sick over there?

Posted: 28 Feb 2018 03:30 PM PST

Have there been actual studies? Or how about just comparing their infection vs population rates to begin with?

submitted by /u/Samdi
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Does the temperature of food increase linearly in a microwave?

Posted: 28 Feb 2018 08:00 PM PST

Does adding 5 or 10 more seconds actually do much?

submitted by /u/ProNoodles
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Do prions affect viruses?

Posted: 01 Mar 2018 06:42 AM PST

We use viruses to attack bacteria. So I thought, why not use prions to attack viruses by targeting their protein shells? There's a ton of other questions surrounding that suggestion, but I wanted to start with what I thought was a simple question. I'm not finding any research on if prions affect viruses at all, though.

submitted by /u/Codered911495
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Does a Photon Have a Set Amplitude? Does it Make Sense to Ask That Question?

Posted: 01 Mar 2018 07:20 AM PST

For a while now I've had a couple issues with my interpretation of light. My fundamental picture of light is a vibration in the electromagnetic field. I tend to imagine a ripple in a sheet or something similar propagating out.

My main questions:

Is a photon just that? A ripple in the electromagnetic field?

Do different energy photons have different amplitudes as well as frequencies?

When explaining light waves are we talking about the same 'ripple' in the EM filed as I take a photon to be?

My confusion stemmed mainly from when I saw a gif showing a sine wave made up of little balls (photons) that was supposed to be demonstrating what light 'is'

I'm not very confident in my conception of light. Anyone able to clear some stuff up would be much appreciated!! THANKS

P.S When talking about QFT are the ripples in the fields that make up the particles the same thing I'm talking about ^ up there ^ or something more abstract to do with probability functions?

submitted by /u/tip-top-honky-konk
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What are the nuclear propulsion systems viable for ballistic missiles?

Posted: 01 Mar 2018 04:28 AM PST

President of Russia Vladimir Putin just delivered a speech to the federal assembly (Russian variant of the American State of of Union speech).

In that speech he talked at length about and showed videos of the nuclear ballistic missile with 'virtually unlimited flight time/distance, powered by nuclear propulsion systems, able to freely manoeuvre and avoid any conventional defences'.

Which methods of nuclear propulsion are there beside project orion? Are there any viable for ballistic missiles? Could they be used for space launches too?

What are the possible technologies involved?

Please let me know if this is the wrong subreddit, but I am really interested not in the political, but scientific and technological side of this thing.

submitted by /u/gsamat
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Does the heart get microtears like any other muscle? And if it doesn't, why can it keep going non stop unlike say your bicep?

Posted: 28 Feb 2018 09:36 PM PST

Why doesn't the galvanized zinc coating on steel crack off during expansion and contraction due to the different coefficients of thermal expansion?

Posted: 01 Mar 2018 07:02 AM PST

Why are certain disorders (Sickle Cell Anemia) linked to ONLY 1 mutation, whereas others (PKU) are linked to over 500 mutations?

Posted: 28 Feb 2018 09:31 PM PST

Sickle Cell anemia is linked to one mutation, whereas PKU, and several others, are such that "over 500 mutations" are identified that cause the disorders.

Why is this? Are some mutations more common than others? Do the proofreading methods only work in certain parts of DNA?

submitted by /u/sbundlab
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How exactly do NSAIDS (like ibuprofen) increase the risk of heart attacks?

Posted: 01 Mar 2018 07:52 AM PST

Why do other planets and moons have so many craters but earth does not?

Posted: 01 Mar 2018 07:22 AM PST

I saw this picture of Pluto and saw the sheer amount of craters on the surface and compared it to our moon. Then I figured, mars has a large amount of craters too, but earth does not?

Image: https://twitter.com/cosmossup/status/968779684732338176?s=21

submitted by /u/fluxitv
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What object shape and material can attain the highest terminal velocity during free fall?

Posted: 01 Mar 2018 07:15 AM PST

Everything has wind resistance, eg, coins will flip over and over. Will a ball reach the highest speed? Something else? What material would be best if it even matters?

submitted by /u/megladaniel
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Light from distant stars is from millions of years ago... if we could see far enough wouldn't we see light from the big bang in all directions?

Posted: 28 Feb 2018 07:17 PM PST

Making existence one big light sphere of space and time?

submitted by /u/walkingmercy
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How is chemistry possible pre 19th century?

Posted: 28 Feb 2018 07:38 PM PST

How did scientist from the 1800's and earlier know about chemical structures? The first chemical equation was drawn in 1615 by Jean Beguin. How is that possible?

submitted by /u/dangitgrotto
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Are there groups of animals where "A and B can have fertile offspring", "B and C can can have fertile offspring", but "A and C cannot"?

Posted: 01 Mar 2018 05:14 AM PST

I was thinking about the fuzzy definition of species and I think I might have heard of living animal groups like this. Are there examples of this? Is there a term for this kind of relationship? Can the relationship be very continuous with many intermediates between two groups? If we could create any conceivable animal we wanted, could we create a line of intermediate breeders between any two species? In some definitions, would that make those two now the same "species"?

Thanks.

submitted by /u/RickAndMorty101Years
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What is the naming system of time periods?

Posted: 28 Feb 2018 01:03 PM PST

From what I can tell, Eons are the biggest time period. And they are split up into eras, which are then split into periods. What determines a change in period, era and eon? How long can each one be? Is there anything shorter than a period? Longer than an eon?

Basically my question is, how is time divided? Sorry if I'm unclear.

submitted by /u/KscottH
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What happens if you give a patient a non-compatible blood type? Eg. an O- patient is given AB+ blood.

Posted: 28 Feb 2018 07:07 AM PST

What causes the blurry line on the edge of a shockwave?

Posted: 01 Mar 2018 12:02 AM PST

Here's a recent post from /r/shockwaveporn that shows it very clearly. What is this exactly? Does the pressure from the blast compress the air to the point it changes how the light from the background moves through it, causing the blur?

submitted by /u/WizardSleeves118
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When you see a picture of a friend or relative on social media, (particularly a profile picture) does your brain respond the same way it would if you saw them in person?

Posted: 28 Feb 2018 08:10 PM PST

I wondered if profile pictures could become familiar to you in the same way that a face is.

submitted by /u/Theyre_Onto_Me_
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How do you calculate the focal length of a multi-lens setup?

Posted: 01 Mar 2018 02:57 AM PST

I'm trying to make a tool for my lab at work that calculates the effective focal length, back focal length and forward focal length of a doublet lens based on the dimensions and refractive index of the individual lenses.

I'm not sure if my equations are just too simplified or I'm wrong altogether. So far I'm just using the equation P = P1 + P2 -dP1P2 where P is the power and d is the separation between individual lenses.

Can anyone direct me to a derivation of how something like this tool here works? http://www.optolife.com/focal_length.html

submitted by /u/crispyrolls93
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Can someone with a weakened immune system receive a vaccine?

Posted: 28 Feb 2018 08:36 PM PST

I was wondering if the weakened form of the virus would have free reign over the body due to the fact that the immune system can't do away with it.

submitted by /u/LeemireShapton
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How do space organizations, like NASA, communicate with all these probes and devices at such long distances?

Posted: 28 Feb 2018 06:26 PM PST

For example things like the Mars Curiosity rover, the probe we sent to Jupiter, etc.

submitted by /u/Diazepam
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Are neutrons fired from somewhere to get a fission reaction started?

Posted: 28 Feb 2018 06:26 PM PST

In a power plant, I know that U-235 gets hit by a neutron then splits to Krypton and Barium releasing more neutrons to hit more U-235 atoms, etc. What I'm wondering is when the fuel rods are first dipped in the water, where do the initial neutrons come from to get the reaction started? Is there a machine that fires neutrons at the fuel rods?

submitted by /u/avernii
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