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Tuesday, September 26, 2017

What is a birth mark and why do so many people have them?

What is a birth mark and why do so many people have them?


What is a birth mark and why do so many people have them?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 08:33 PM PDT

How can superconductors and superfluids be completely perfect?

Posted: 26 Sep 2017 03:58 AM PDT

So often in maths and physics we have to approximate the real world. Wires aren't perfect, they have some resistance; fluids have some viscosity but we assume zero friction... except when they don't.

Superconductors actually exist, and they have:

exactly zero electrical resistance

and certain isotopes of helium, when supercooled, flow without loss of kinetic energy.

How on earth is this possible? I'd understand negligible friction, or loss of energy, but precisely zero?

submitted by /u/sanguisuga635
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Why don't we have an exact number on the maximum mass of neutron stars?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 07:17 PM PDT

A trail of reading wiki lead me to the page on the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff limit. It says the maximum is approximately 1.5-3.0 solar masses, which seems like a big window to me. One of the sources mentions composition and charge...but I thought neutron stars were uncharged and just made of, well, neutrons?

I imagine if the neutron star was spinning fast, centrifugal force would allow it to remain stable with a little more mass. Other than that, my instinct would be that calculating a maximum mass shouldn't be as complicated as it is.

submitted by /u/jammerjoint
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How does the hardware for quantum computers differ from classical computers?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 06:26 PM PDT

Are they still largely silicon based or has the focus been on different materials?

submitted by /u/nottoodrunk
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Is there such thing as a "perfect whitebody"/reverse blackbody? i.e. something that absorbs and emits no thermal radiation at all

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 11:52 PM PDT

Is it possible for other planets with two stars to have star eclipses? Would the star get extra bright or would the star blocking the other star dim the light?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 03:12 PM PDT

Why all satellites and space station orbit west to east and not north to south?

Posted: 26 Sep 2017 04:21 AM PDT

Can photons collide? What happens when we point two torches one at another?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 12:39 PM PDT

When electrons give off energy to return to their ground state energy levels in the form of light (incandescence), where do the photons come from?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 04:08 PM PDT

It's my understanding that the reason things visibly glow when heated is that the electrons have been excited to a higher energy level, and in order to return to their ground state energy level, they give off radiation, some of which is within the visible spectrum, causing the glow. Anyway, when electrons "give off" photons like this as visible light, where do the photons come from?

submitted by /u/danielj1632
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Why limit password length?

Posted: 26 Sep 2017 12:00 AM PDT

Heaps of banks do this. I don't see how it can provide any benefits.

submitted by /u/finlay422
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Why do trees shed their leaves and go dormant during fall?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 04:25 PM PDT

In high school biology classes I've learned that photosynthesis is the process during which trees utilize CO2 and water to produce carbohydrates and oxygen, and the mechanism requires sunshine and chlorophyll.

There's some birch trees growing outside my house and for the past few years I've been observing that the onset of leaf shedding varies. Some years it's earlier in the season, late August-ish while other years it's later in the season, late September-ish.

I associate this with temperature, because some years I need warmer clothes earlier in the season and some years later.

However, according to the photosynthesis formula only water, co2 and sunshine are required so why don't trees keep photosynthesizing and grow during winter? Where in the plant would this temperature sensitivity be if not involved in the photosynthetic process?

submitted by /u/reekda56
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how can our ears tell us exactly the direction sound is coming from?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 03:11 PM PDT

Are there any ways in which a lunar space station would be cheaper or have advantages over the ISS for science and research purposes?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 11:23 PM PDT

How are studies on rat behaviour applicable on humans?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 11:44 AM PDT

Rats brainsize is only a fraction of ours and I assume function very differently

submitted by /u/grappelz
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Do small "Cold Plasma" generators produce any harmful particles/ions/ozone?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 10:38 AM PDT

I've come across such articles that state that small Plasma generators in certain Air Purifiers or AC units are very harmful to health.

However, most manufacturers nowadays have mid to high end devices that incorporate some sort of "PLASMA FILTERING" that uses "NEGATIVE IONS" to battle smoke, bacteria and dust or whatnot.

I have settled on an AC that has a small (~4 inches wide) cold plasma generator box shaped device in the inside mounted unit. So my question is can these small devices potentially be a health hazard in the home?

Does a cold plasma generator produce Ozone or Ions that can "survive" long enough to travel outside the unit and fill up the whole room and pose a health risk to people inhaling them? Does inhaling such negative ions and ozone particles cause health problems in the first place? And are these not particles that are supposed to exist in nature and aren't we already exposed to them?

submitted by /u/toshex
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Do we know how optical illusions affect animals? Can we learn about their sight that way?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 11:13 AM PDT

Saw this gif and wondered...

submitted by /u/pando93
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In using directions in interstellar space, how are locations of objects tracked?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 08:25 AM PDT

First, I figure there is some type of coordinate/grid system, so I am wondering about that and what we use as the x,y,z: (0,0,0) point of center for that system if we track objects in a three dimensional plane.

Second, how do we tell relative direction? For example, we use north, south, east and west on a theoretical plane (like on Earth) to tell direction, but in space, there is not only x and y axis, but z as well. Are there directions for this? Or would we just use up and down as the 3rd dimensional directions?

submitted by /u/icarustic
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Could Mars dust storms potentially contaminate category 5 areas off limits to the Category 4-B rated rovers?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 05:42 PM PDT

I was thinking about this earlier today, and an earlier post on here prompted me to post. Basically, there are classifications for the cleanliness of spacecraft doing research looking for life on planetary bodies.

What I'm wondering is, although while the rovers (which are not rated clean enough to do research in potential water areas) are far away from water areas, could the global dust storms on mars potentially pick up microbes from the rovers, and transport them to the parts of mars that might have water?

Is this a problem that we have worried about?

submitted by /u/petlahk
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Monday, September 25, 2017

Nutrition Facts: Why is sodium listed instead of salt?

Nutrition Facts: Why is sodium listed instead of salt?


Nutrition Facts: Why is sodium listed instead of salt?

Posted: 24 Sep 2017 02:58 PM PDT

On nutrition facts they always list off sodium but never just salt. How come chloride content isn't listed as well, or all of the elements for that matter?

submitted by /u/Khannuuuuur
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When a baby is in the womb, what is the biological signal that lets the mother know the baby has reached full development, and what goes wrong with this signal when a child is born premature or late?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 04:44 AM PDT

Is there just a biological clock in the mother's body that says 'times up' and then gives birth regardless of development, or is the signal sent from the unborn baby when they're fully developed?

submitted by /u/Mvnz
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The heart is just a basic two way pump. Why can't we just install two turbines and have a continuous flow of blood?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 05:28 AM PDT

How do they determine the impact of a volcano that's about to erupt?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 05:06 AM PDT

For example the one on Bali. How do they know that a radius of 12km will be enough?

submitted by /u/martijnvb
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What is the process of finding, extracting and containing helium for sale?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 05:06 AM PDT

Considering that quantum computers may become a reality, how this will affect to programming languages?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 07:06 AM PDT

I come to read this thread and I'm wondering if this could affect to programming languages such as C++, and then our ways to write software, or if it just would have and impact at the hardware level and/or assembly languages (like ARM).

submitted by /u/EuGENE87
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What gas is inside of unopened peppers? Or is it just air?

Posted: 24 Sep 2017 01:42 PM PDT

I'm assuming as a pepper grows its inside is never exposed to air on the outside.

submitted by /u/Driftinfisch
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How heavy is fire? If something catches on fire is it heavier or lighter?

Posted: 24 Sep 2017 07:06 PM PDT

How do we know how long the sun will burn for?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 05:49 AM PDT

What would a circle look like if the ratio of its circumference to diameter was 3 instead of pi?

Posted: 24 Sep 2017 10:07 PM PDT

In Arthur C Clarke's series A Time Odyssey, there are spheres that have the ratio as 3 instead of pi and I was wondering what they might look like.

submitted by /u/747173
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What is a kilowatt hour, and why do electric companies charge based on this instead of kilowatts?

Posted: 24 Sep 2017 11:40 PM PDT

why are there Northern Lights but not Eastern Lights?

Posted: 25 Sep 2017 05:34 AM PDT

Is it because there is less rotation at the north and south pole's so the effect is condensed?

submitted by /u/detspek
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How does deodorant work?

Posted: 24 Sep 2017 01:44 PM PDT

I sweat a lot, but I never smell from it. How?

submitted by /u/puffymustash
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How much Asteroid mining/extra mass until it has an impact on earth's orbit?

Posted: 24 Sep 2017 04:41 PM PDT

How do scientists figure out how tall a mountain is?

Posted: 24 Sep 2017 08:49 PM PDT

How does a volume knob work?

Posted: 24 Sep 2017 10:36 PM PDT

If fluorine is bound into a diatomic molecule in which the octet rule is satisfied, then why is it still unstable to the point in which it violently reacts with just about anything else?

Posted: 24 Sep 2017 10:25 PM PDT

I have always been under the impression that in molecules in which the octet rule has been satisfied, each atom is "happy" with the eight electrons in its outer shell. Why, then, does fluorine prefer to bond with, say, sodium as opposed to itself? Why do hydrogen and oxygen prefer to be bound into H2O as opposed to their diatomic counterparts? In essence, why do atoms prefer some arrangements to others, even though the octet rule is fulfilled either way?

submitted by /u/Forestpotato
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In a magnetic hard disk, how are the servos that position the read/write head so accurate?

Posted: 24 Sep 2017 09:50 PM PDT

With the data tracks as narrow as they are (on the order of a hundred nanometers or so wide), these servos must be incredibly precise. How do they achieve that level of precision?

submitted by /u/dzScritches
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Why is drinking milk after spicy foods better than drinking water?

Posted: 24 Sep 2017 01:37 PM PDT

Google said that milk is non-polar which help to actually dissolve the capsaicin molecules in your mouth but I don't understand that.

submitted by /u/Theblankuser
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If we want to colonise mars, why don't we colonise it first with Cyanobacteria and then plants in order to create a habitable atmosphere?

Posted: 24 Sep 2017 02:40 PM PDT

In sending humans to Mars, what problems will need to be solved with respect to launching and returning astronauts from Mars' surface?

Posted: 24 Sep 2017 01:53 PM PDT

Even with the lower Martian gravity, will returning launch platforms/vehicles need to be in place before humans step foot on Mars for the first time? Also, with respect to the amount of time to travel to Mars and the differences between a Martian orbit and and Earth orbit, what is the minimum amount of time such a trip require?

submitted by /u/arachnids-on-parade
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Sunday, September 24, 2017

Duck fat melts at 57 degrees Fahrenheit. So on a 90 degree day, is a living duck's fat just... sloshing around?

Duck fat melts at 57 degrees Fahrenheit. So on a 90 degree day, is a living duck's fat just... sloshing around?


Duck fat melts at 57 degrees Fahrenheit. So on a 90 degree day, is a living duck's fat just... sloshing around?

Posted: 23 Sep 2017 05:36 AM PDT

Is there some difference in how the fat behaves in a jar vs. a living duck?

submitted by /u/personablepickle
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How does computer memory work when the computer is turned off?

Posted: 23 Sep 2017 09:08 AM PDT

Do the currents keep on going somehow in the semiconductor chips? Is it somehow that the state is stored in a static manner?

submitted by /u/rusty_ballsack_42
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If natural fruit juices contain large amounts of sugar, why do we only seem to refine sugars from a select few plants (sugarcane, sugar beets) instead of from fruits in general?

Posted: 23 Sep 2017 01:25 PM PDT

I understand that there's differences in the sugar composition (sucrose as a disaccharide vs glucose/fructose as monosaccharides, and that fruits contain more fructose), but I don't understand why "alternative" sugars like HFCS seem to be a relatively new thing, and limited to basically just corn so far as I'm aware.

In theory, humans have had access to fruit pretty much forever, so why do we only use a few dedicated sugar crops to produce refined sugar, instead of more regionally accessible fruits?

Is it simply a matter of economics, or is there some inherent difference that makes refining fruit sugars impossible?

submitted by /u/FeatherFallen
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Can microwaves work without using water molecules to heat up food?

Posted: 23 Sep 2017 09:51 AM PDT

What have we learned from Cassini's dive into Saturn so far?

Posted: 23 Sep 2017 01:45 PM PDT

Why do hospitals have heart clinics specifically for Women? Aren't all hearts the same?

Posted: 23 Sep 2017 04:44 PM PDT

Do ape's toenails grow slower than their fingernails, like humans?

Posted: 23 Sep 2017 06:33 PM PDT

I know our toenails grow 3-4 times slower than our fingernails, just wondering how we compare to apes.

submitted by /u/UsernameCreated2Vote
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How do they prevent the ISS from crashing into satellites and space junk?

Posted: 23 Sep 2017 01:36 PM PDT

Do small songbirds - a finch, say - ever get stung by bees/ wasps? If so, is it typically fatal?

Posted: 23 Sep 2017 08:03 AM PDT

Does Quinine glow even after you remove it from a black light?

Posted: 23 Sep 2017 09:50 AM PDT

So I know that quinine glows when you shine a black light on it. However, I don't know what happens when you take it away, and a quick Google search doesn't seem to help. Does the quinine found in tonic water continue to glow after taking the black light away from it? My end goal is to make homemade nuka cola quantum that glows, but I don't know if using quinine is worth it if I always need a black light.

submitted by /u/_MMartinez_
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Can we forecast the northern and/or southern lights?

Posted: 23 Sep 2017 07:35 AM PDT

What can layers and swrils in rock indicate?

Posted: 23 Sep 2017 05:41 AM PDT

I drive by this out cropping everyday and I've always noticed the curves and waves in the rock. What causes bending like this? I know it probably took a billion years for it to show on the side of the highway in NE Tennessee, but what can you tell from looking at it?

https://imgur.com/3tdjgJu

submitted by /u/matt12046
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Why can't you count the number of things touching you in a certain spot?

Posted: 23 Sep 2017 08:12 AM PDT

If someone poked me in the back with multiple fingers and asked me to count how many fingers were on my back, I would not be able to come up with an accurate number. I don't mean getting poked in the arm and on the hip because those are two separate places and it's obvious; I mean getting poked in one area with multiple fingers. Obviously it gets more difficult the closer together those fingers are, but regardless it's still nigh impossible to count correctly if they're all in one region. Why?

submitted by /u/lmaoser
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How do insects protect their eyes from direct sunlight?

Posted: 23 Sep 2017 04:35 AM PDT

In a coronary bypass surgery, why do doctors use veins instead of arteries? Is there an advantage to this?

Posted: 23 Sep 2017 03:11 AM PDT