Pages

Sunday, May 7, 2017

Do rainbows also have sections in the infrared and/or ultraviolet spectrum?

Do rainbows also have sections in the infrared and/or ultraviolet spectrum?


Do rainbows also have sections in the infrared and/or ultraviolet spectrum?

Posted: 06 May 2017 10:58 AM PDT

If iron loses its magnetism at around 1400°F, how is the earths core magnetic?

Posted: 07 May 2017 05:42 AM PDT

After reading a comment in another thread about heavy metals in our solar system I saw a comment stating that our core made of mostly molten iron is why we survive solar radiation (due to its magnetism).

Im not sure why I never queationed this before, but as an amateur blacksmith, I regularly heat iron up to a non magnetic temperature in order to quench and harden it.

Also I know there is supposed to be nickel in the outer core which is also a non magnetic metal.

So I did some research and found that it was believed to be cause by the dynamo effect caused by the swirling plasma within the core, but from my experience with plasma most of which comes from my home made arc furnace and of course the occasional plasma cutter (neither of which I have ever noticed creating any type of magnetic field), I dont quite understand how it alone, even if it were swirling, could create such a large magnetic field since the magnetic field of the earth is several hundreds of miles from the core. I also wondered how such a field were able to penetrate the miles of ferrous materiels found above it so easily while not magnetizing them.

Then I started thinking about other things that cause magnetism like electro magnets and such and wondered if maybe our cold iron cored moon plays a role in our magnetism by reacting with surface metals which are cool enough to be more receptive to magnetism.

So I researched that and found that the moon has little to no magnetism and unlike earth, its magnetism is non polar so there is no way the moon is the culprit of our magnetism because if it were then it seems it would also have to have magnetic properties similar to ours, and it doesn't.

Which brings me back to my original question only revised, how is our inner core of Iron plasma magnetic, and why is important that it is Iron plasma as opposed some other form of plasma if the swirling truly does create the magnetic field somehow?

submitted by /u/callmecraycray
[link] [comments]

What actually is happening when programs load?

Posted: 06 May 2017 05:19 PM PDT

When a program loads, what changes to allow the user to use it? Also, how can some programs detect and display how loaded they are, when it isn't fully loaded?

submitted by /u/TheGigaGamer
[link] [comments]

Can you do 100 edits on a single (human) genome with CRISPR, or is the number limited ?

Posted: 06 May 2017 06:06 PM PDT

I'm interested in both theoritical limitations and practical ones. I can't seem to find something about it in the litterature.

This is a question that is in a context of eugenics : would it be possible for parents to edit as many genes as they want, or would too many just be impossible (too long, too much errors, ...) ?

submitted by /u/Prae_
[link] [comments]

What is the oldest known species of bacteria?

Posted: 07 May 2017 06:28 AM PDT

For clarification - not classifications, the single oldest known life

submitted by /u/Ryutauro
[link] [comments]

How much energy is needed to create fusion and how much is produced by it?

Posted: 06 May 2017 06:56 PM PDT

Don't need a specific answer and thanks in advance!

submitted by /u/DaArabianGamer
[link] [comments]

Is there anything you can add to water that would raise it's freezing temperature?

Posted: 06 May 2017 10:49 AM PDT

There's lots of stuff to lower the freezing temperature, from salt to antifreeze, but is there anything that raises it?

submitted by /u/acEightyThrees
[link] [comments]

How do scientists do accurate spectropolarimatery on distant stars if some wavelengths are largely absorbed by the atmosphere?

Posted: 07 May 2017 01:40 AM PDT

How can peat burn underground? upto two meters apparently; where does the oxygen come from in these conditions?

Posted: 06 May 2017 10:27 AM PDT

Is it true that in exothermic reactions mass in doesn't r e a l l y equal mass out?

Posted: 06 May 2017 07:32 PM PDT

I came across an idea in a documentary I watched a long time ago that when paper is burned, a very very very very small part of its mass is converted to energy.

submitted by /u/huhwhatimsorry
[link] [comments]

Why is it that the photon, an uncharged particle, is the exchange particle for the electromagnetic force?

Posted: 06 May 2017 06:04 PM PDT

I know I'm just a lousy,uneducated undergrad but I feel like there is a specific reason for this.

submitted by /u/Hunter_P_K
[link] [comments]

Why are most pain relievers also fever reducers?

Posted: 06 May 2017 01:03 PM PDT

Would a water pump work better with rigid lines, or soft lines?

Posted: 06 May 2017 10:52 AM PDT

Putting in a water pump for my camper. Would a water pump work better with PVC supply and return lines? Or, something softer? Like a garden hose, or just something spongy like clear tubing?

submitted by /u/SailingPatrickSwayze
[link] [comments]

Why do most if not all modern languages read either left to right or right to left? Why do none read top to bottom or bottom to top?

Posted: 06 May 2017 03:16 PM PDT

Is it possible to see past an event horizon? If not, why?

Posted: 06 May 2017 03:23 PM PDT

How does beta decay work?

Posted: 06 May 2017 11:38 AM PDT

So at School I learned that when a radioactive element does beta decay one it's neutrons splits into a proton and an electron. So far so good right, unfortunately I got way too much spare time so I wondered. If a neutron is made out of three quarks just as a proton, then where does electron come from? That are three fundamental particles that turn into four. Nothing can be added or taken from the Universe so the electron must have been around somewhere right? I even asked my teacher but she couldn't explain it either. Thanks for your answers.

submitted by /u/Kuunib
[link] [comments]

Help understanding a few things about the electron?

Posted: 06 May 2017 06:39 AM PDT

Ok so first off, in school the electron is treated as if it has a specific radius. Obviously this isn't a proper representation of an electron because you can't properly define it. I was looking into electromagnetic dipoles and found that the magnetic dipole moment of an electron can be explained to be the consequence of its "spin", which is analogous to the spinning of a sphere in classical mechanics but isn't the same. I read that you can't treat it classically because an electron is really zero-dimensional and is a point-like particle and so doesn't have an axis on which to spin. So my question is basically which is it? Does an electron have a "size" or is it point-like?

Also as a side note, could someone tell me if the way I visualise an electron probability cloud is in any way accurate? So let's say you can be 70% sure that the electron is within a certain radius and 30% certain that it's within a larger radius. Can you treat it as though it's properties are spread out so that 70% of its properties (e.g mass, charge) are within the smaller radius and 30% effect the larger radius? Kind of like the electron is a cloud of gas which is more concentrated in the centre and therefore has more interactions there than further out.

I hope I've described myself properly. If I haven't please just ask for clarification. Anyway, thanks a lot in advance for any replies! :)

submitted by /u/Fellainis_Elbows
[link] [comments]

Why does water, once being left for a long time (say overnight ), have lots of tiny bubbles in?

Posted: 06 May 2017 11:23 AM PDT

Through what process is the nucleus of an atom split when an atom bomb goes off?

Posted: 06 May 2017 05:07 PM PDT

Can you create a sonic boom underwater?

Posted: 06 May 2017 02:49 AM PDT

For fluids, higher velocity means lower pressure, but what happens when you change your reference frame to be the faster moving particles?

Posted: 06 May 2017 02:05 PM PDT

My Fluids professor showed a video of a ping pong ball sort of being "sucked" into a faster moving stream of air due to the lower pressure field resulting from the higher velocity. But what if your reference frame is one of the faster moving particles? My thought process is that relative to this particle, the air outside of the stream will be moving faster, so the lower pressure will actually be outside of the air stream. So then wouldn't that mean a tiny ping pong ball inside the air stream would actually get "sucked" or pushed out of the stream instead of into it like we have seen it do?

submitted by /u/AtheistPanda21
[link] [comments]

Does water still expand if it is frozen in a vacuum?

Posted: 06 May 2017 09:02 AM PDT

How is the grain inside those "Magic Bag" pads affected by repeated exposure to microwaves?

Posted: 06 May 2017 07:15 PM PDT

I'm referring to these dingusses, which are essentially glorified water bottles. They are actually filled with grain, such as oats.

But what happens to the grains after repeated passages in the microwave, say about 100 times? They don't seem to burn ... why is that? And is that cumulative microwave exposure changing the materials inside in any way?

submitted by /u/Gargatua13013
[link] [comments]

Saturday, May 6, 2017

Can you explain the logical leap from gravity to holographic principle?

Can you explain the logical leap from gravity to holographic principle?


Can you explain the logical leap from gravity to holographic principle?

Posted: 06 May 2017 02:04 AM PDT

I am already aware of the math behind (classical) thermodynamics, special relativity and quantum mechanics. How does gravity change the picture?

submitted by /u/thetimujin
[link] [comments]

Do Reptiles have Jet Lag?

Posted: 05 May 2017 02:27 PM PDT

Hello there,

Right now I'm sitting on my studies and a question popped up that neither me nor any of my colleagues was able to solve. The thing is this: I read about the pineal gland(releases melatonin which is important for the sleep cycle/circadian rythm etc.) which is directly activated via the absence of light in lower vertebrates, while higher vertebrates possess the suprachiasmatic nucleus, that is concerned with innervating the pineal gland. Is this only because of the different organization of e.g. humans/reptiles, or is there a functional difference and if so, does this affect jet leg? I found an article (http://animals.howstuffworks.com/pets/pets-suffer-jet-lag.htm) where it is stated that dogs and cats suffer less jet lag than monkeys for example, but this does not quite answer my question. Why I specially ask about reptiles is that some of them possess the so called 'third eye' and the fact that they are somewhat dependend on the sun.

I hope I was able clearly state my question. If not feel free to ask, I'll do my best to clarify what I mean.

submitted by /u/5ong6
[link] [comments]

Does the human body have 3 of anything?

Posted: 05 May 2017 02:15 PM PDT

Edit: A few of you have picked up on this.. yes I'm asking because we are mirrored left to right and have 2 of some organs.

submitted by /u/OllieSDdog
[link] [comments]

How do we know it's 'quantum' uncertainty, and not uncertainty in measurements or interference from unknown factors?

Posted: 05 May 2017 12:09 PM PDT

Firstly, I don't mean to suggest that I don't believe the quantum interpretation. When I read articles about quantum mechanics, there is always a bit that says that a particle's position and velocity can't be measured to a certainty; there is always a random chance of finding either within a range, with probabilities determined by the wave function (as far as I can tell). For the sake of example, say we shot a particle at a given velocity, and then measure its position after a given period of time. If we determine the particle's velocity to be somewhere between 10 and 20 m/s, why interpret that as an indication of the particle's probabilistic nature, instead of assuming it's the effects of precision of the particle gun, the precision of the detector, the particle colliding with other particles on its way, etc?

submitted by /u/azamarahe
[link] [comments]

How exactly does ATP allow a cell to do "work"?

Posted: 05 May 2017 11:00 AM PDT

How do electric vehicle batteries impact the environment? What are the elements used in creating them and how are they handled at the end of life cycle?

Posted: 05 May 2017 07:40 AM PDT

How is the area under sinc function (sine cardinal) and sinc square function finite but the area under absolute sinc function infinite when absolute sinc (x) is just the square-root of sinc square function?

Posted: 05 May 2017 11:57 PM PDT

∫ sinc (x) , (-∞,∞) = π

∫ (sinc x)2 , (-∞,∞) = π

∫ |sinc x| , (-∞,∞) = ∫ √(sinc x)2 , (-∞,∞) = ∞

I have seen mathematical proofs for it, but I don't understand how taking square-root of a function would make its area infinite from 3.14 units.

submitted by /u/lickmyspaghetti
[link] [comments]

Why is particle production ~constant as a function of rapidity?

Posted: 05 May 2017 10:40 AM PDT

Hi all,

I'm currently brushing up on some HEP basics for an oral exam. One thing that I haven't been able to understand completely is why particles production is approximately constant as a function of rapidity in hadron collisions.

I've tracked down an old note of Feynman's which people usually point to about this: http://authors.library.caltech.edu/3871/1/FEYprl69.pdf ... I think that I understand what he's getting at when he discusses the Fourier transformation of the contracted field, but I don't see how to move from the ~constant particle Pz distribution to a multiplicity distribution that is ~constant as a function of y.

I know instinctively that this is true -- the ATLAS calorimeters are designed in a way that takes this into account, for instance. I'm just missing some conceptual link, and it'd be really awesome if someone could help me get all the way.

Thanks!

submitted by /u/WIZRND
[link] [comments]

If the earth was a cube instead of a sphere, what would gravity be like at the edges?

Posted: 05 May 2017 08:47 AM PDT

What is the differences between a species group and a species complex in bacteria?

Posted: 05 May 2017 01:48 PM PDT

Examples of this are Enterobacter Cloacae complex and Streptococcus mitis group. What is the distinguishing difference between when you call a group of related species a complex or group?

submitted by /u/Jewronimoses
[link] [comments]

Did the Earth have ice caps in the Mesozoic Era?

Posted: 05 May 2017 07:32 AM PDT

Portrayals of dinosaurs always seem to be in tropical/subtropical jungle. Was the entire earth like that or were there still areas with different climates?

submitted by /u/ErnstStavroBlowTree
[link] [comments]

What is the difference between a magnetic monopole and charged elementary particle?

Posted: 05 May 2017 09:10 AM PDT

If an electron has no internal structure but it has an electric charge, what makes it not be a magnetic monopole?

submitted by /u/El_Skippito
[link] [comments]

Why is there a huge difference in the nominal gdp of India and PPP gdp of India ?

Posted: 05 May 2017 04:28 AM PDT

Why do soils become less acid away from granite tors?

Posted: 05 May 2017 03:48 AM PDT

Hello. I'm writing an NVC habitat report and I've noticed that my Ellenberg factors indicate quite clearly a less acid pH as I progress from the upland tor to the lowlands. This is obviously due to the presence of shade loving, ubiquitous generalists in my species record as opposed to characteristic calcifugous moorland, but I'm not sure about the process itself. What is the factor or factors that cause a slightly less acid pH away from the granite tors? Is it simply a change in geology or is it the cause of the plants themselves? I was under the impression that plants accumulate hydrogen ions which make soils slightly more acid though.

submitted by /u/TaylorH93
[link] [comments]

How is the FWHM of the quasi-elastic peak related to the diffusion of an atom in a solid in a quasi-elastic neutron experiment?

Posted: 05 May 2017 09:30 AM PDT

Friday, May 5, 2017

Why do the electric field lines at the end of two parallel plates curve?

Why do the electric field lines at the end of two parallel plates curve?


Why do the electric field lines at the end of two parallel plates curve?

Posted: 05 May 2017 02:44 AM PDT

I believe it is called the end-effect? However I would like to know why this happens.

Here is a picture of what I mean: Diagram

submitted by /u/Viper_201
[link] [comments]

Why is pre-fission uranium relatively harmless to humans but spent nuclear fuel must be locked away for hundreds of years?

Posted: 05 May 2017 01:17 AM PDT

What impact does a tsunami have on ships at sea?

Posted: 05 May 2017 06:20 AM PDT

Hello r/askscience.
How much would a big ocean-going vessel (say, a US navy Nimitz-class aircraft carrier) notice a tsunami in the middle of an open ocean, thousands of miles from shore?
Would it be a destructive wall of water moving rapidly towards the ship, or would merely be a (un)noticable rise of the water level which a ship could pass over?
Assume the tsunami in question is the result of an earthquake with a rating of 9.0+ on the richter scale similar to the 1700 Cascadia or 2004 Indonesia earthquakes, both of which generated massive, ocean-crossing waves.

submitted by /u/Skogsmard
[link] [comments]

If your cells are always dying and being replaced, how come things like freckles and birth marks don't go away?

Posted: 04 May 2017 03:00 PM PDT

Why don't cars just have AC outlets rather than "car outlets"?

Posted: 04 May 2017 06:10 PM PDT

If i put water in a microwave it heats up. If I put plastic in a microwave it doesn't heat up. But I assume power draw is the same. Where does that energy go?

Posted: 04 May 2017 05:00 PM PDT

What is the earliest a habitable planet could have formed?

Posted: 04 May 2017 05:56 PM PDT

The estimated age of the universe is 13.82 billion years, and the estimated age of the earth is 4.54 billion years. The first multicellular life according to wikipedia is 4.25 billion years ago. This could mean that the earth became 'habitable' after 290 million years, when the universe was 9.57 billion years old.

If the universe was fairly homogeneous after its creation, I would assume that for a while it remained above the temperature life could have started. In addition, being before the time when planets could have formed and organized into stable orbits and conditions. Then when was the time after the creation of the universe that a planet would have been able to form and sustain life?

submitted by /u/MonkeyLink07
[link] [comments]

To what extent can ℝ^n be generalized for n∉ℕ?

Posted: 04 May 2017 05:24 PM PDT

I know that ℝ0 is a point, ℝ1 is the number line, ℝ2 is the Cartesian plane, etc. I also know that we can generalize n-dimensional space to all positive real n to include fractals (for instance, the dimension of the Sierpinski triangle is log(3)/log(2)≈1.585).

Is there any meaningful way to extend n-dimensional space to negative n? Complex n? Matrix N? I haven't heard of this being done, but I also know that once mathematicians define something, they like to generalize it far past what makes sense in terms of the original definition—back when numbers were just for counting, the concept of negative numbers seemed completely nonsensical.

submitted by /u/MaidofMemes
[link] [comments]

How was the quadratic formula first discovered and for what use?

Posted: 04 May 2017 04:21 PM PDT

What happens to mass in particle smashing?

Posted: 05 May 2017 12:53 AM PDT

I've been wondering this for a while. What happens when particles are smashed together in, say, the Large Hadron Collider? Doesn't this violate the Law of Conservation of Mass where mass cannot be destroyed? Or is there another process going on where they meld together?

submitted by /u/KevnBlack
[link] [comments]

Do humans emit X-rays from blackbody radiation?

Posted: 04 May 2017 02:39 PM PDT

Infrared is the most well-known light emitted by humans, but what about the other frequencies of light? It seems by Wien's Law that there should be some–albeit a tiny amount–of every frequency emitted, but is this actually the case?

submitted by /u/rizzarsh
[link] [comments]

If you can convert kinetic energy into heat energy, how could the universe experience a heat death if supermassive objects like black holes or dwarf stars would constantly be attracting other bodies via gravity?

Posted: 04 May 2017 04:31 PM PDT

I don't know if that makes sense, but if a star were to eventually burn out and turn into a white dwarf or neutron star or something of that sort, its gravity would be around the same right? Wouldn't objects in their vicinity be affected by the gravity and therefore have kinetic energy constantly?

submitted by /u/Skabonious
[link] [comments]

Why don't we feed our livestock with livestock?

Posted: 05 May 2017 06:50 AM PDT

It would save a lot of resources if we fed our livestock with the same kind of animal, and given that they are the same animal, this means of feed would account for practically all of the livestock's nutrition needs, wouldn't it?

Why aren't we doing this?

I know that cattle, for instance, are herbivorous and obviously wouldn't eat another dead cow lightly, but couldn't they be fed livestock in a different form, like pellets, for instance?

submitted by /u/Kukulqan
[link] [comments]

What are all those reddish/bluish/blackish dots we see when we close our eyes?

Posted: 04 May 2017 10:38 AM PDT

Is there any kind of measurable difference in an object when its potential energy is increased?

Posted: 04 May 2017 07:18 PM PDT

For example, a ball at the bottom of ramp vs. at the top. It now has potential energy that it did not have before. Does this slightly increase the object's mass or is the only measure of potential energy the difference in height? If it is the latter, does this mean people at the exact same altitude anywhere on the planet have the same potential energy as each other?

submitted by /u/AyYoDeano
[link] [comments]

What are the implications of the Quantum Delayed Choice Experiment?

Posted: 04 May 2017 05:49 PM PDT

Conceptually, how does the speed of light relate to the permeability/permittivity of free space?

Posted: 04 May 2017 06:27 PM PDT

I know the equation that relates the three constants: c=(ε0*µ0)-(1/2) However, I never understood why this worked or if there was a conceptual reasoning behind it, so any explanation would be greatly appreciated.

submitted by /u/Pekenten
[link] [comments]

Is it possible to know how much of the total universe is occupied by the observable universe?

Posted: 04 May 2017 02:23 PM PDT

I feel like this is a pretty dumb question because it seems unanswerable by definition, but I've been surprised many times by science in the past. Is even a horrifically uncertain yet still better than random estimate possible?

submitted by /u/Kcwidman
[link] [comments]

When the Sun's red giant phase ends it'll lose roughly 50% of its mass to space, does this excess surface hydrogen have enough mass to create a red dwarf?

Posted: 04 May 2017 03:14 PM PDT

What is actually happening when materials experience friction?

Posted: 04 May 2017 05:51 PM PDT

We say that when two materials rub against each other, they experience friction. Are they actually touching? How does them rubbing together cause heat?

submitted by /u/Crocodilly_Pontifex
[link] [comments]

Is it possible for a star to form exclusively from a cloud of Helium?

Posted: 04 May 2017 01:26 PM PDT

I know that most stars form from a cloud of gas from the remnants from a super nova, which most of it is hydrogen, but could a star come together with helium? If that is the case then it would start with an He core and star fusing that straight into C?

submitted by /u/lee640m
[link] [comments]

How do fish (and other ocean-loving creatures) see underwater?

Posted: 04 May 2017 04:07 PM PDT

What are the "mechanics" of how their eyes work being underwater their whole lives? And how far can they see? Is it likes us wearing goggles? How's does depth perception work for them in those conditions?

submitted by /u/IamThatduck420
[link] [comments]